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Reevaluation of dialect boundaries in the Yellowhammer(Emberiza citrinella)based on citizen science data:Should we split or lump?

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 361-368页

作者： Lucie Diblíkova pavel Pipek Stanislav Vosolsobe Adam Petrusek Tereza Petruskova Charles University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of EcologyVinicna 7PragueCZ-12800Czech Republic Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of BotanyDepartment of Invasion EcologyZamek 1PrůhoniceCZ-25243Czech Republic Charles University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Experimental Plant BiologyVinicna 5PragueCZ-12800Czech Republic

Dialects are a specific form of geographic variation of birdsong with relatively sharp boundaries between distinct song characteristics,which provide opportunities for focused studies of processes underlying the emergence of spatial patterns in *** songbird species that exhibit dialects became models for such research,and for some of them large-scale datasets were assembled that included recordings provided by the *** them,the Yellowhammer(Emberiza citrinella,Emberizidae) is particularly prominent,as it has been recently a subject of dedicated citizen science projects focusing on its dialect *** most successful,in terms of public participation as well as the number and density of obtained recordings,was the Dialects of Czech Yellowhammers(DCY) project,which assembled detailed data at the whole-country level.A mosaic of almost all common song variants known across Europe was observed in Czechia,but the results indicated that some of the traditionally recognized Yellowhammer dialects may not represent geographically clustered song variants,at least not in Central *** quantitatively analysed variation(frequency and temporal characteristics and modulation) of the terminal song element in three dialects defined by arbitrary frequency thresholds in *** analyses indicated that pooling these to two distinct groups reflects the variation in the songs,as well as their spatial distribution,better than retaining the current classification to three dialects or their finer splitting to even more *** provide simple measures that may be used for classification of these Yellowhammer song variants in Central ***,we warn from indiscriminate transposing of results from one region to another,as that may lead to substantial *** studies of birdsong variation will benefit from big data assembled by citizen scientists,but to maximise their usefulness for further dialect research,careful delineation of d

关键词： Birdsong Geographic variation Bioacoustics Dialects Public participation

Risk of recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis after liver transplantation is associated with de novo inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第43期24卷 4939-4949页

作者： Lukas Bajer Antonij Slavcev Peter Macinga Eva Sticova Jan Brezina Matej Roder Radim Janousek pavel Trunecka Julius Spicak pavel Drastich Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague Department of Immunogenetics Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department of Clinical and Transplant Pathology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague

AIM To evaluate risk factors for primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) recurrence(rPSC) after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) in patients with well-preserved colons. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of all patients transplanted for PSC in our center between July 1994 and May 2015 and selected 47 with followup of at least 60 mo for further analysis based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. rPSC was confirmed by magnetic resonance or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and liver biopsy. All patients were evaluated by protocolary pre-OLT colonoscopy with randomized mucosal biopsies. Colonoscopy was repeated annually after OLT. Both organ donors and recipients were human leukocyte antigen(HLA) typed by serological and/or DNA methods. All input data were thoroughly analyzed employing relevant statistical *** Altogether, 31 men and 16 women with a median(range) age of 36(15-68) years at the time of OLT and a median follow-up of 122(60-249) mo were included. rPSC was confirmed in 21/47(44.7%) of patients, a median 63(12-180) mo after transplantation. De novo colitis [rPSC in 11/12, P ≤ 0.05, hazard ratio(HR): 4.02, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.58-10.98] and history of acute cellular rejection(rPSC in 14/25, P ≤ 0.05; HR: 2.66, 95%CI: 1.03-7.86) showed strong positive associations with rPSC. According to the univariate analysis, overlapping features of autoimmune hepatitis(r PSC in 5/5, P ≤ 0.05) and HLA-DRB1*07 in the donor(r PSC in 10/15, P ≤ 0.05) represent other potential risk factors for rPSC, while the HLA-DRB1*04(rPSC in 0/6, P ≤ 0.05), HLA-DQB1*03(rPSC in 1/11, P ≤ 0.05), and HLA-DQB1*07(rPSC in 0/7, P ≤ 0.05) recipient alleles may have protective *** De novo colitis and acute cellular rejection are clinical conditions significantly predisposed towards recurrence of PSC after liver transplantation.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Inflammatory bowel disease Liver transplantation Acute cellular rejection Autoimmune hepatitis Human leukocyte antigen Immunosuppression

基于B-spline和正则化算法的低轨卫星轨道平滑

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地球物理学报 2006年第1期49卷 99-105页

作者：柳响林 pavel Ditmar Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS) Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Kluyverweg 1 2629 HS Delft The Netherlands

本文提出了一个利用纯几何轨道和力模型的新算法来计算精确且相对平滑的卫星轨道.该法将一个纯几何轨道表达为一个B-spline的线性组合,线性组合的系数可以由最小二乘法估计获得.力模型通过计算加速度来附加约束.为了平衡几何轨道的点位... 详细信息

本文提出了一个利用纯几何轨道和力模型的新算法来计算精确且相对平滑的卫星轨道.该法将一个纯几何轨道表达为一个B-spline的线性组合,线性组合的系数可以由最小二乘法估计获得.力模型通过计算加速度来附加约束.为了平衡几何轨道的点位误差和加速度的不精确,一个基于“广义交互确认(GCV,generalizedcross-validation)”的正则化算法运用其中.由于B-spline的本地控制性,该方法的计算效率相当高.本文的数值分析表明了该法的有效性.模拟计算的结论是:带加速度约束较不带加速度约束的平滑效果好.力模型越精确,平滑的轨道就越精确.三个月的CHAMP实测轨道数据处理结果表明,平滑后的轨道改进了重力场模型.

关键词：弱化动力学轨道 B-样条重力场 CHAMP GCV 正则化

Synthesis of Al2O3-SiO2-MgO ceramics with hierarchical porous structure

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2017年第1期6卷 92-页

作者： Elena F.KRIVOSHAPKINA pavel V.KRIVOSHAPKIN Aleksey A.VEDYAGIN Institute of Chemistry of Komi SC UB RAS Syktyvkar 167982 Russia ITMO University St.Petersburg 197101 Russia Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050 Russia

A series of asymmetric cordierite ceramics with hierarchical porous structure were prepared and *** macroporous support was obtained from natural raw materials (bauxite,silica sand,kaolinite,talc,and alumina) via ceramic *** prepared ceramic discs were characterized by a narrow pore size *** average pore size was about 9.5 μm,and the open porosity was estimated to be 30％.Coating the discs with micro/mesoporous cordierite layer was performed using the sol-gel ***-component sols were obtained from organic or inorganic *** gels were calcined at 1200 ℃ to form the cordierite *** nature of precursor was found to affect the pore volume *** pore volume distribution was observed when organic precursors were *** key factor to control the parameters of final material was the drying *** drying of the gels has allowed us to increase the surface area in two orders of magnitude comparing with conventional drying procedure.

关键词： sol-gel method aerogels cordierite Al2O3-SiO2-MgO hierarchical porous structure

Advanced interatrial block as a key marker for atrial fibrillation recurrence： Bayes＇ syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第3期14卷 169-173页

作者： Adrian Baranchuk Andres Enriquez pavel Antiperovitch Bryce Alexander Goksel Cinier Department of Medicine Kingston General Hospital Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center Istanbul Turkey

It was not until 1979 that Bayes de Ltma described atrial conduction blocks and classified them as interatrial and intra- *** blocks refer to conduction disorders lo- cated between the atria, while intraalxial blocks occur within the same atrium. This work motivated several authors, in- cluding Bayes himself, to further investigate atrial conduc- tion and interatrial block （IAB）.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Bayes syndrome Bachmann's bundle Interatrial block

Distinct gut microbiota profiles in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4548-4558页

作者： Lukas Bajer Miloslav Kverka Martin Kostovcik Peter Macinga Jiri Dvorak Zuzana Stehlikova Jan Brezina pavel Wohl Julius Spicak pavel Drastich Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Institute of Microbiology the Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Experimental Medicine the Czech Academy of Sciences Department of Genetics and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceCharles University BIOCEV Institute of Microbiologythe Czech Academy of Sciences

To characterize the gut bacterial microbiota of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODSStool samples were collected and relevant clinical data obtained from 106 study participants, 43 PSC patients with (n = 32) or without (n = 11) concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, 32 UC patients, and 31 healthy controls. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene were sequenced on Illumina MiSeq platform to cover low taxonomic levels. Data were further processed in QIIME employing MaAsLin and LEfSe tools for analysis of the output data. RESULTSMicrobial profiles in both PSC and UC were characterized by low bacterial diversity and significant change in global microbial composition. Rothia, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Veillonella, and three other genera were markedly overrepresented in PSC regardless of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Rothia, Veillonella and Streptococcus were tracked to the species level to identify Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus infantus, S. alactolyticus, and S. equi along with Veillonella parvula and V. dispar. PSC was further characterized by decreased abundance of Adlercreutzia equolifaciens and Prevotella copri. Decrease in genus Phascolarctobacterium was linked to presence of colonic inflammation regardless of IBD phenotype. Akkermansia muciniphila, Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum and Clostridium colinum were decreased in UC along with genus Roseburia. Low levels of serum albumin were significantly correlated with enrichment of order Actinomycetales. CONCLUSIONPSC is associated with specific gut microbes independently of concomitant IBD and several bacterial taxa clearly distinguish IBD phenotypes (PSC-IBD and UC).

关键词： Dysbiosis Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Gut microbiota Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Two mutations in the truncated Rep gene RBR domain delayed the Wheat dwarf virus infection in transgenic barley plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第11期17卷 2492-2500页

作者： pavel Cejnar Ludmila Ohnoutkova Jan Ripl Tomas Vlcko Jiban Kumar Kundu Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health Crop Research Institute Prague 16106 Czech Republic Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research Palack~/ University Olomouc 78371 Czech Republic

Wheat dwarf virus （WDV）, an important cereal pathogen, is closely related to Maize streak virus （MSV）, a model virus of the Mastrevirus genus. Based on its similarity to known MSV resistance strategies, a truncated part of the WDV replication- associated （RepA） gene （WDVRepA215） and the WDV RepA gene with a mutated retinoblastoma-related protein （RBR） interaction domain （WDVRepA215RBRre^t） were cloned into the plPKb002 expression vector and transformed into immature embryos of spring barley cv. Golden Promise plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A detailed study of T1-generation plants infected by leafhoppers （Psammotettix alienus） fed on infection sources of variable strength was performed over a 5-week period encompassing the initial stages of virus infection. A DNA WDV TaqMan qPCR assay normalized using the DNA puroindoline-b SYBR Green qPCR assay for samples on a per week basis revealed an approximately 2-week delay in WDVRepA215RBR^mut plants to WDVRepA215 plants before significant increases in the WDV viral levels occurred. Both WDVRepA215 and WDVRepA215RBR^mut plants showed similar levels of transgenic transcripts over the screened period; however, the transgenic plants also showed increased numbers of infected plants compared to the control plants.

关键词： Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) truncated Rep gene RBR domain qPCR screening

Infl uence of fire on soil temperatures of pine forests of the middle taiga,central Siberia,Russia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1139-1145页

作者： Irina Nikolaevna Bezkorovaynaya pavel Albertovich Tarasov Irina Gennadievna Gette Irina Andreevna Mogilnikova Siberian Federal University 79 SvobodnyKrasnoyarskRussia 660041 Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology 31 Krasnoyarsky Rabochy AvKrasnoyarskRussia 660037

Temperatures of sandy podzols of middle taiga pine forests with moss and lichen ground cover were analyzed which had been exposed to ground fires of low to medium *** general,temperatures in lichen and moss plots of the pine forests under study,are close to each similar,but in the first year after a fire a noticeable contrast was *** reasons are an increase in the amplitude of daily temperatures on the soil surface and stronger heating of upper mineral *** in the mineral layer with depths up to 30 cm depend on the thickness of the forest fl *** of the results show that the duration of postfire effects in pine forests with sandy podzols is determined by a number of factors:the intensity of the fire,the degree of erosion of the ground cover and litter,and the recovery rate of these components.

关键词： Ground fire Pine forests Soil temperature

Unrecognized diversity in New Guinean crayfish species (Decapoda, Parastacidae): The evidence from molecular data

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 457-468页

作者： Martin BLÁHA Jiří PATOKA pavel KOZÁK Antonín KOUBA Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia inČeskéBudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic Department of Zoology and Fisheries Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePrahaCzech Republic

The phylogenetic relationships among imported ornamental crayfish belonging to the genus Cherax were inferred from a combined dataset of 3 mitochondrial genes(COI,16S and 12S)and by comparison with available GenBank sequences of 14 Cherax ***,the concordance of previously described species obtained from a wholesaler(Cherax boesemani,*** and ***)with available GenBank sequences was verified based on COI with special respect to comparison with sequences assigned as Cherax ***cently described species ***,*** and *** belong to the northern group of Cherax *** and analysis with other GenBank COI sequences show previously unreported diversity of New Guinean species,suggesting 5 putative new ***,species assigned to the subgenus Astaconephrops do not form a monophyletic clade;this subgenus should be reappraised relative to the purported typical morphological characteristic of the uncalcified patch on male *** importation of crayfish underscores the importance of accurate species *** of basic molecular methods is a necessary requisite for documenting occurrence,abundance and population trends of target ***,it helps to support eventual conservation decision-making by stakeholders.

关键词： Cherax cytochrome c oxidase DNA barcoding mitochondrial DNA ornamental crayfish