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Injury and illness in short-course triathletes:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 172-185页

作者： Sara A.Guevara melissa L.Crunkhorn michael Drew Gordon Waddington Julien D.Périard naroa Etxebarria Liam A.Toohey paula Charlton University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise(UCRISE) BruceACT 2617Australia new South Wales Institute of Sport SydneyNSW 2127Australia Queensland Academy of Sport BrisbaneQLD 4111Australia Triathlon Australia Gold CoastQLD 4227Australia Australian Institute of Sport BruceACT 2617Australia

Background:Determ.ning the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness in short-course triathletes would improve understanding of their etiologies and therefore assist in the developm.nt and implem.ntation of prevention *** study synthesizes the existing evidence on the incidence and prevalence of injury and illness and summarizes reported injury or illness etiology and risk factors affecting short-course ***:This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses *** reporting health problems(injury and illness)in triathletes(all sexes,ages,and experience levels)training and/or competing in short-course distances were *** electronic databases(Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,mEDLInE,Embase,APA PsychInFO,Web of Science Core Collection,and SPORTDiscus)were *** of bias was independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessm.nt *** authors independently completed data ***:The search yielded 7998 studies,with 42 studies eligible for ***-three studies investigated injuries,24 studies investigated illnesses,and 5 studies investigated both injuries and *** injury incidence rate ranged 15.7-24.3 per 1000 athlete exposures,and the illness incidence rate ranged 1.8-13.1 per 1000 athlete *** and illness prevalence ranged between 2%-15%and 6%-84%,*** injuries reported occurred during running(45%-92%),and the most frequently reported illnesses affected the gastrointestinal(7%-70%),cardiovascular(14%-59%),and respiratory systems(5%-60%).Conclusion:The most frequently reported health problems in short-course triathletes were:overuse and lower limb injuries associated with running;gastrointestinal illnesses and altered cardiac function,primarily attributable to environm.ntal factors;and respiratory illness mostly caused by infection.

关键词： Athlete illnesses Athletic injuries Epidemiology Triathlon

Liquid Subcutaneous Levodopa-Carbidopa nD0612 Effects on motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and meta-Analysis

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2024年第2期13卷 9-25页

作者： paula Abola mitchell Wolden Kristin Lefebvre Departm.nt of Clinical Research University of Jamestown Jamestown ND USA

Objective: In the m.nuscript titled “Liquid subcutaneous Levodopa-Carbidopa nD0612 effects on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis”, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects nD0612 24-hour dosing regim.n has on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Introduction: nD0612 is a novel m.nimally invasive continuous subcutaneous delivery system of liquid Levodopa-Carbidopa being investigated for the treatm.nt of PD in individuals experiencing motor symptoms. methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of nD0612 on motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Outcomes included the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part II and Part III scores. methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading of Recomm.ndations Assessm.nt, Developm.nt, and Evaluation approach. meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model with the DerSim.nian and Laird method to estimate the effects of the nD0612 24-hour dosing regim.n on UPDRS Part II and Part III scores. Results: Three studies were included in our review. There were statistically significant reductions in UPDRS Part II scores (mean difference (mD) −3.299;95% confidence interval (CI) −3.438, −3.159) and in UPDRS Part III scores (mD −12.695;95% CI −24.428, −0.962) in the nD0612 24-hour dosing regim.n. Results were based on very low certainty of evidence. Conclusion: Based on very low certainty evidence, the nD0612 24-hour dosing regim.n is effective at improving motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Our findings suggest that nD0612 is more effective at improving UPDRS Part II and Part III scores in individuals with PD than other pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatm.nts, warranting further study.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease nD0612 Levodopa-Carbidopa motor Symptoms motor Complications UPDRS

The first record of dermochelyid turtles in the Eocene of Tierra del Fuego:new insights on the evolution of the Weddellian faunas

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 63-77页

作者： paula BOnA Juliana STERLI marcelo Saúl de la FUEnTE Eduardo OLIVERO marta S.FERnÁnDEZ marcelo REGUERO División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La Plata-Anexo IIFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(COnICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio Trelew U9100Argentina Instituto de Evolución Ecología Histórica y Ambiente-CONICETSan Rafael CP5600Argentina Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas-COnICET Universidad Nacional de Tierra del FuegoUshuaia CP 9410Argentina División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La PlataUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina

The Antarctic Paleogene marine fossil record has been the key to reconstructing the evolution of the Weddellian Sea and final dismemberm.nt of Southern *** this context,Eocene marine vertebrates from Seymour(marambio)Island have provided valuable *** present the first Eocene record of marine reptiles from the southern Atlantic Coast of South *** corresponds to several postcranial turtle remains represented by a proximal end of the right humerus,three caudal and one thoracic vertebrae,a fragm.nt of the left pubis,and ten ossicles of the dorsal carapace,com.ng from the Leticia Formation(late-mid Eocene)at Cabo Tiburones,Tierra del Fuego,*** materials show severalfeatures such as the size and general morphology of the humerus and vertebrae,and the presence of relatively small,irregular,smooth,and unkeeled ossicles,which allow us to assign them to Dermochelyidae *** are a cosmopolitan group ofcryptodiran turtles,registered from the late Cretaceous up to the recent,with some physiological-biological peculiarities(e.g.,endothermy and an exclusive jellyfish-based diet)and characterized by the presence of an osseous carapace formed by *** new finding from the Leticia Formation is an addition to the scarce and extremely fragm.ntary record of Eocene dermochelyids from the southern seas like those from the La meseta and Submeseta formations(Antarctica)and the Waihao and Burnside formations(new Zealand).This new information allows us to discuss the presence of these turtles in such high latitudes in the past and its implication in the evolution of the Weddellian fauna.

关键词： marine reptiles sea turtles Dermochelyidae Paleogene La meseta Formation Submeseta Formation Leticia Formation

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Sustainable Urban mobility: (A)Synchrony between Subway Systems

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 151-161页

作者： Ana paula Borba Gonçalves Barros University of Brasilia Brasilia 70910-900Brazil

The present study analyses the differences between the subways systems of two cities, Lisbon (Portugal) and Brasília (Brazil), verifying the extent to which their subway systems are spatially integrated with the respective urban fabric-which would promote a better synchrony in terms of economy and sustainability. For interpreting the data, the methodology and tools of the Theory of the Social Logic of Space were used, by means of axial maps, researching the relationship between the constructed and empty (public spaces) areas of the urban structures. Based on the findings, meaningful differences between the subway systems and the configuration of urban spaces were observed, as a product of specific design matrixes. In Lisbon, the mobility associated to the subway seems to be encouraged by the integration of the system with the potential for movem.nt provided by the urban tissue (making the secondary centralities articulated with the subway stations more dynamic). In Brasilia, however, there are several difficulties for such mobility, due to the predom.nant role of the empty spaces in the city which weakens the gathering potential of such areas, despite the fact that such articulation with secondary centralities is also present there.

关键词： Urban mobility spatial configuration space syntax subway system.

Effects of the concentration and nature of total dissolved solids in drinking water on feed intake, nutrient digestion, energy balance,methane emission, rum.nal ferm.ntation, and blood constituents in different breeds of young goats and hair sheep

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 84-95页

作者： Amlan Kumar Patra Luana paula dos Santos Ribeiro Hirut Yirga Adekayode O.Sonibare Ahmed R.Askar Ali H.Hussein Ryszard Puchala Arthur Louis Goetsch American Institute for Goat Research Langston University Animal and Poultry nutrition Departm.nt Desert Research Center Agriculture Food and Natural ResourcesEastern New Mexico University

Understanding how different livestock species and breeds respond to consumption of brackish water could improve usage of this ***,Angora,Boer,and Spanish goat doelings and Dorper,Katahdin,and *** ewe lambs (6 animals per animal type[AT];initial age=296±2.1 days)consum.ng water with varying concentrations of m.nerals of a natural brackish water source (BR) and sodium chloride (naCl;SL) were used to determ.ne effects on water and feed intake,nutrient digestion,heat energy,methane emission,rum.nal fluid conditions,and blood constituent *** were 6 simultaneous 6 (water treatm.nts[WT])×6 (AT) Latin squares with 3-wk *** WT were fresh (FR),BR alone (100-BR),a similar total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration as 100-BR via naCl addition to FR (100-SL),BR with concentrations of all m.nerals increased by approximately 50%(150-BR),a similar TDS level as 150-BR by naCl addition to FR (150-SL),and a similar 150 TDS level achieved by addition of a 1:1 mixture of BR m.nerals and naCl to 100-BR (150-BR/SL).Concentrations (mg/kg) in BR were 4928 TDS,85.9 bicarbonate,224.9 calcium,1175 chloride,60.5 magnesium,4.59 potassium,1387sodium,1962 sulfate,and 8.3 boron,and TDS in other WT were 209,5684,7508,8309,and 7319 mg/kg for FR,100-SL,150-BR,150-SL,and 150-BR/SL,*** were very few significant effects of WT or AT×WT interactions,although AT had numerous *** intake was affected by AT (P=0.02)and WT (P=0.04),with greater water intake for 150-SL than for FR,100-BR,100-SL,and *** matter intake am.ng AT was lowest (Pnic matter and neutral detergent fiber and heat energy differed am.ng AT (Pnitrogen digestion and rum.nal methane emission were similar am.ng *** aldosterone concentration was higher (Pn for other *** conclusion,all AT seemed resilient to these WT regardless of m.neral source and concentrations,with TDS less than 8300 mg/kg,which did

关键词： Goats Hair sheep nutrient utilization Rum.nal ferm.ntation Salinity Water quality

Fine mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene PmXQ-0508 in bread wheat

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1176-1184页

作者： Zejun Qian Guohao Han ningning Yu Cheng Liu Ran Han paula E.Jameson Jiaojiao Wang Ya Zhao Bei Xiao Ruishan Liu Jiadong Zhang Yuli Jin Hongjie Li Pengtao ma Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovative Utilization College of Life SciencesYantai UniversityYantai 264005ShandongChina Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021HebeiChina Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agriculture SciencesJinan 250100ShandongChina School of Biological Sciences University of CanterburyChristchurch 8140CanterburyNew Zealand The national Engineering Laboratory of Crop molecular Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

In a wheat breeding line XQ-0508 showing consistent resistance to powdery mildew disease,a recessive gene,designated PmXQ-0508,was identified and mapped to a distal region on chromosome arm *** three resistance-associated genes in this region,one encoding a protein kinase was selected as the primary candidate for *** closely linked DnA markers developed in the study could be used for marker-assisted selection for powdery-mildew resistance in breeding programs.

关键词： Wheat powdery mildew PmXQ-0508 BSR-Seq Fine mapping marker-assisted selection

Robotic Surgery: An Effective Treatm.nt Option for Epiphrenic Diverticulum Associated with nutcracker Esophagus

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Surgical Science 2024年第1期15卷 1-6页

作者： Augusto Tinoco Gilberto Carvalho Leonardo Tinoco Ana paula Quintão Departm.nt of Digestive Surgery Hospital S&#227o Jos&#233 do Ava&#237 Itaperuna Brazil

Background: Epiphrenic Diverticulum is frequently associated with esophageal motility disorders, such as nutcrackers esophagus. The diagnosis is usually made using imaging studies such as a Barium esophagogram, and esophageal m.nometry. Surgical treatm.nt options for epiphrenic diverticulum and En include diverticulectomy and wide myotomy. Aim: The resection of three epiphrenic diverticula and extensive myotomy were performed by robotic thoracoscopy uneventfully. Case presentation: A 65-year-old female complaining of dysphagia for solid foods, Chest pain and regurgitation. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EDG) with difficulty in advancing the endoscope at 25 cm and dem.nstrating an ED, no hiatal hernia and normal stomach and duodenum. Barium Esophagogram showed multiple diverticula and tortuosity throughout the esophagus. Conclusion: With robotic surgery, surgeons can perform highly precise operations with enhanced 3D vision and control. Through this cutting-edge approach, the treatm.nt of ED associated with En can be drastically changed, promising better outcomes for patients.

关键词： Robotic Surgery myotomy nutcracker Esophagus Epiphrenic Diverticulum

The biosynthetic pathway of the hallucinogen mescaline and its heterologous reconstruction

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molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1129-1150页

作者： paula Berm.n Luis Alejandro de Haro Ana-Rita Cavaco Sayantan Panda Younghui Dong nikolay Kuzmich Gabriel Lichtenstein Yoav Peleg Hila Harat Adam Jozwiaki Jianghua Cai Uwe Heinig Sagit meir Ilana Rogachev Asaph Aharoni Departm.nt of Plant and Environm.ntal Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Life Sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel The maurice and Vivienne Wohl Institute for Drug Discovery Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Present address:Departm.nt of Cell and metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Departm.nt of molecular&Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami Miler School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Departm.nt of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA Laboratory of Plant Horm.nes and Developm.nt Regulation of Chongqing School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

mescaline,am.ng the earliest identified natural hallucinogens,holds great potential in psychotherapy ***,despite the existence of a postulated biosynthetic pathway for more than half a century,the specific enzymes involved in this process are yet to be *** this study,we investigated the cactus Lophophora williamsii(Peyote),the largest known natural producer of the phenethylam.ne *** employed a multi-faceted approach,combining de novo whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing with comprehensive chemical profiling,enzymatic assays,molecular modeling,and pathway engineering for pathway *** identified four groups of enzymes responsible for the six catalytic steps in the mescaline biosynthetic pathway,and an n-methyltransferase enzyme that n-methylates all phenethylam.ne intermediates,likely modulating mescaline levels in ***,we reconstructed the mescaline biosynthetic pathway in both nicotiana benthamiana plants and yeast cells,providing novel insights into several challenges hindering complete heterologous mescaline *** together,our study opens up avenues for exploration of sustainable production approaches and responsible utilization of mescaline,safeguarding this valuable natural resource for future generations.

关键词： mescaline Lophophora williamsi Peyote biosynthetic pathway de novo genome sequencing mo-lecular modeling

Plant growth and metabolism of exotic and native Crotalaria species for m.ne land rehabilitation in the Amazon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 143-154页

作者： Hemelyn Soares das Chagas Rafael Silva Guedes markus Gastauer paula Godinho Ribeiro Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato Cecílio Frois Caldeira Fabrício William deÁvila AndréRodrigues dos Reis Silvio Junio Ramos Instituto Tecnológico Vale Rua Boaventura da Silva955BelémPA 66055-090Brazil Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará XinguaraPABrazil núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada Universidade Federal Rural da AmazôniaParagominasPABrazil Departam.nto de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTROIratiPRBrazil School of Sciences and Engineering São Paulo State University(UNESP)TupãSP.CEP 17602-496Brazil

Despite its enormous benefits,m.ning is respon-sible for intense changes to vegetation and soil ***,after extraction,it is necessary to rehabilitate the m.ned areas,creating better conditions for the establishm.nt of plant species which is *** study evaluated m.neral and organic fertilization on the growth,and carbon and nitrogen(n)metabolism of two Crotalaria species[Cro-talaria spectabilis(exotic species)and Crotalaria maypu-rensis(native species from Carajás m.neral Province(CmP)]established on a waste pile from an iron m.ne in CmP.A control(without fertilizer application)and six fertilization mixtures were tested(i=nPK;ii=nPK+micronutrients;iii=nPK+micronutrients+organic compost;iv=PK;v=PK+micronutrients;vi=PK+micronutrients+organic compost).Fertilization contributed to increased growth of both species,and treatm.nts with nPK and micronutrients had the best results(up to 257%***),while organic fertilization did not show *** Crotalaria had a greater number of nodules,higher nodule dry mass,chlorophyll a and b contents and showed free amm.nium as the predom.nant n form,reflecting greater increm.nts in biomass compared to native *** having lower growth,the use of this native species in the rehabilitation of m.ning areas should be considered,mainly because it has good developm.nt and meets current governm.nt legislation as an opportunity to restore local biodiversity.

关键词： Biological nitrogen fixation m.ning nitrogen metabolism Plant nutrition