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Four-dimensional light shaping: manipulating ultrafast spatiotemporal foci in space and time

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 293-299页

作者： Bangshan Sun Patrick S Salter Clemens Roider Alexander Jesacher Johannes Strauss Johannes Heberle Michael Schmidt martin J Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PJUK Institute of Photonic Technologies Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NurembergKonrad-Zuse-Strasse 3/5Erlangen 91052Germany Division of Biomedical Physics Innsbruck Medical UniversityMullerstrasse 44Innsbruck 6020Austria Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NurembergPaul-Gordan-Strasse 6Erlangen 91052Germany Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13SRUK

The spectral dispersion of ultrashort pulses allows the simultaneous focusing of light in both space and time,which creates socalled spatiotemporal *** space–time coupling may be combined with the existing holographic techniques to give a further dimension of control when generating focal light *** the present study,it is shown that a phase-only hologram placed in the pupil plane of an objective and illuminated by a spatially chirped ultrashort pulse can be used to generate threedimensional arrays of spatio-temporally focused *** exploiting the pulse front tilt generated at focus when applying simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing(SSTF),it is possible to overlap neighboring foci in time to create a smooth intensity *** resulting light field displays a high level of axial confinement,with experimental demonstrations given through two-photon microscopy and the non-linear laser fabrication of glass.

关键词： laser material processing light shaping spatiotemporal focusing ultrafast lasers

The RNA binding proteins TIA1 and TIAL1 promote Mcl1 mRNA translation to protect germinal center responses from apoptosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第9期20卷 1063-1076页

作者： Ines COsma-Garcia Mailys Mouysset Dunja Capitan-Sobrino Yann Aubert martin Turner Manuel D.Diaz-Muñoz Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases(INFINITy) Inserm UMR1291CNRS UMR5051University Paul SabatierCHU PurpanToulouse 31024France Immunology Program The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUK

Germinal centers(GCs)are essential for the establishment of long-lasting antibody *** B cells rely on post-transcriptional RNA mechanisms to translate activation-associated transcriptional programs into functional changes in the cell ***,the critical proteins driving these key mechanisms are still ***,we show that the RNA binding proteins TIA1 and TIAL1 are required for the generation of long-lasting GC ***1-and TIAL1-deficient GC B cells fail to undergo antigen-mediated positive selection,expansion and differentiation into B-cell clones producing high-affinity ***,TIA1 and TIAL1 control the transcriptional identity of dark-and light-zone GC B cells and enable timely expression of the prosurvival molecule ***,we demonstrate here that TIA1 and TIAL1 are key players in the post-transcriptional program that selects high-affinity antigen-specific GC B cells.

关键词： Adaptive immunity Germinal centers Post-transcriptional gene regulation RNA binding proteins Cell identity Apoptosis/10.1038/s41423-023-01063-4

高强度间歇训练在职业足球中的应用——基于高速跑动和力学性负荷视角的训练安排

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体育科研 2021年第6期42卷 2-8页

作者： [法]martin Buchheit 黎涌明李海鹏 [加]paul Laursen HIIT Science 雷弗尔斯托克加拿大上海体育学院体育教育训练学院上海200438 国家体育总局体育科学研究所北京100084 奥克兰理工大学新西兰竞技体育研究中心(SPRINZ) 新西兰

高强度间歇训练(HIIT)通常用以改善特定的身体能力,但HIIT过程中产生的神经肌肉负荷不应被忽视。尽管不同形式HIIT产生的代谢刺激类似,但其产生的神经肌肉负荷差异巨大。因此,为了在训练周内避免过度负荷和/或保持适宜的训练刺激,精准... 详细信息

高强度间歇训练(HIIT)通常用以改善特定的身体能力,但HIIT过程中产生的神经肌肉负荷不应被忽视。尽管不同形式HIIT产生的代谢刺激类似,但其产生的神经肌肉负荷差异巨大。因此,为了在训练周内避免过度负荷和/或保持适宜的训练刺激,精准安排不同的HIIT对于团队项目来说至关重要。本文基于高速跑动和力学性负荷的调控介绍了HIIT在足球项目中的应用。

关键词：高强度训练间歇计划制定团队项目

高强度间歇训练的科学与实践:应用考量与关键指标

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体育科研 2021年第6期42卷 9-14页

作者： [加]paul Laursen 黎涌明李海鹏 [法]martin Buchheit HIITScience 雷弗尔斯托克加拿大奥克兰理工大学新西兰竞技体育研究中心(SPRINZ) 新西兰上海体育学院体育教育训练学院上海200438 国家体育总局体育科学研究所北京100084

高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是以≥无氧阈或最大乳酸稳态的负荷强度进行多次持续时间为几秒到几分钟的练习,并且每2次练习之间安排不足以使练习者完全恢复的静息或低强度练习的训练方法。进入21世纪以来,HIIT受到了训练科学与实践领域的密切关... 详细信息

高强度间歇训练(HIIT)是以≥无氧阈或最大乳酸稳态的负荷强度进行多次持续时间为几秒到几分钟的练习,并且每2次练习之间安排不足以使练习者完全恢复的静息或低强度练习的训练方法。进入21世纪以来,HIIT受到了训练科学与实践领域的密切关注,越来越多的教练员在训练实践中开始采用HIIT来提升运动员的竞技表现。然而,HIIT不只是“高强度”和“间歇”这么简单,其效果和价值的发挥需要考虑诸多因素。本文基于《高强度间歇训练的科学与应用:训练安排的解决方案》一书内容,分别从形式和目标类型、应用的整体框架、应用情境、同期化训练、关键指标5个方面对HIIT进行了论述,旨在为教练员和科研人员在训练实践当中应用HIIT并发挥HIIT的价值提供参考。

关键词：应用情境同期化训练有氧功率无氧速度储备

Controlling the gelation temperature of biomimetic polyisocyanides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第2期29卷 281-284页

作者： paul H.J. Kouwer paula de Almeida Onno ven den Boomen Zaskia H. Eksteen-Akeroyd Roel Hammink Maarten Jaspers Stijn Kragt Mathijs F.J. Mabesoone RoelandJ.M. Nolte Alan E. Rowan martin G.T.A. Rutten Vincent A.A. Le Sage Daniel C. Schoenmakers Chengfen Xing Jialiang xu Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Nijmegen 6525 A J The Netherlands

Thermosensitive polymers show an entropy-driven transition from a well-solvated to a poorly solvated polymer chain, resulting in a more compact globular conformation. The transition at the lower critical solution temperature（LCST） is often sharp, which allows for a wide range of smart material *** the LCST, oligo（ethylene glycol）-substituted polyisocyanides（PICs） form soft hydrogels, composed of polymer bundles similar to biological gels, such as actin, fibrin and intermediate filaments. Here, we show that the LCST of PICs strongly depends linearly on the length of the ethylene glycol（EG） tails; every EG group increases the LCSTand thus the gelation temperature by nearly 30 ℃. Using a copolymerisation approach, we demonstrate that we can precisely tailor the gelation temperature between 10 ℃ and 60 ℃and, consequently, tune the mechanical properties of the PIC gels.

关键词： Smart materials Lower critical solution temperature Polyisocyanides Mechanical properties Biomimetic polymers

一系列心脏手术假警报率的回顾性队列研究:医院死亡率监测系统的案例

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英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第6期7卷 379-380页

作者： Jan Poloniecki Charalambos Sismanidis martin Bland paul Jones 王琳

目的：了解用不同统计方法监测高死亡率的作用，及其在确定心脏移植术后死亡病例增加是否偶然所致时的有效性。

关键词：心脏手术假警报率回顾性队列研究医院死亡率监测系统

Long-term results after revisions of failed primary vertical banded gastroplasty

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第3期8卷 238-245页

作者： martin R van Wezenbeek Frans J F Smulders Jean-paul J G M de Zoete Misha D Luyer Gust van Montfort Simon W Nienhuijs Department of Surgery Catharina Hospital

AIM: To compare the results after revision of primary vertical banded gastroplasty(Re-VBG) and conversion to sleeve gastrectomy(cS G) or gastric bypass(cR YGB).METHODS: In this retrospective single-center study, all patients with a failed VBG who underwent revisional surgery were included. Medical charts were reviewed and additional postal questionnaires were sent to update follow-up. Weight loss, postoperative complications and long-term outcome were assessed. RESULTS: A total 152 patients were included in this study, of which 21 underwent Re-VBG, 16 underwent c SG and 115 patients underwent c RYGB. Sixteen patients necessitated a second revisional procedure. No patients were lost-to-follow-up. Two patients deceased during the follow-up period, 23 patients did not return the questionnaire. Main reasons for revision were dysphagia/vomiting, weight regain and insufficient weight loss. Excess weight loss(%EWL) after Re-VBG, cS G and cR YGB was, respectively, 45%, 57% and 72%. Eighteen patients(11.8%) reported postoperative complications and 27% reported long-term complaints. CONCLUSION: In terms of additional weight loss, postoperative complaints and reintervention rate, Rouxen-Y gastric bypass seems feasible as a revision for a failed VBG.

关键词： Vertical banded gastroplasty Conversion Revision Gastric bypass Sleeve gastrectomy Additional weight loss

Institutional analysis of intra-and post-operative tracheostomy management for risk reduction

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 370-377页

作者： Laura E.Henry Ellen A.paul Joshua H.Atkins Niels D.martin Ara A.Chalian Christopher H.Rassekh Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PAUSA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PAUSA Department of Traumatology Surgical Critical Careand Emergency SurgeryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PAUSA

Objectives:Determine variability in intra-and post-operative management of tracheostomies(trachs)at our institution as existing literature suggests that trachs are a frequent trigger for airway-related *** the development of an institution-wide protocols for trach ***:A 39-question online survey was sent to 55 providers who perform open and percutaneous trachs at three of the hospitals within our large,urban,academic medical *** providers were identified by surveillance of the operating room schedules for 1 ***:The survey was completed by 40 of the 53 eligible providers(75.5%).Response rate by question *** included members of all departments that perform trachs at our institution(Otorhinolaryngology,Trauma Surgery,Thoracic Surgery,General Surgery,Cardiovascular Surgery and Interventional Pulmonology).While most responses demonstrated uniformity in practice,notable variations included the following:80%of percutaneous trach providers stated that morbid obesity was not a contraindication to performing a trach outside of the operating room(n=20)while 58%of open trach providers stated that morbid obesity was a contraindication;only 35%of open trach providers perform a Bjork flap(n=350).The survey also identified significant variability in practice with regards to timing of trach suture ***:Lack of uniformity was identified in several practices related to intra-and post-operative tracheostomy *** did,however,trend toward consensus in many *** results are being used to establish a more consistent approach to tracheostomy management across our institution to ensure standardization of practice amidst the rapidly evolving practices of trach *** for practice:With ongoing evolution in the methods of trach placement and its management,the concepts put forth here will be a resource for health care providers at other institutions to consider intra-institutional analysis and

关键词： Open tracheostomy Percutaneous tracheostomy Quality improvement Risk reduction Standardization

PTCA失败后的急症冠状动脉搭桥术:20年的经验回顾(英文)

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中华胸心血管外科杂志 2003年第5期19卷 317-320页

作者： Ares K.Menon martin C.Heidt Peter Roth Joerg BabinEbell Zoltan Szalay Marko I.Turina paul R.Vogt 德国吉森大学医院心血管外科瑞士苏黎世大学医院心血管外科德国

目的 :评价经皮冠状动脉血管成形术失败后 (fPTCA)的急症冠状动脉搭桥术 (eCABG) 2 0年的经验。方法　从 1977年至 1997年 ,共有 10 1例病人在fPTCA后行eCABG术。全组平均年龄 (5 6± 5 )岁 (32～78岁 ) ,在fPTCA后 (85± 2 5 )h(1～ 16... 详细信息

目的 :评价经皮冠状动脉血管成形术失败后 (fPTCA)的急症冠状动脉搭桥术 (eCABG) 2 0年的经验。方法　从 1977年至 1997年 ,共有 10 1例病人在fPTCA后行eCABG术。全组平均年龄 (5 6± 5 )岁 (32～78岁 ) ,在fPTCA后 (85± 2 5 )h(1～ 16 8h)行eCABG。平均术前左室射血分数 (5 7± 9) % (30 %～ 75 % )。所有病人中 ,单支病变 (SVD)占 5 5 % ,二支病变 (twVD) 39% ,三支病变 (TrVD) 15 % ,前降支 (LAD)受累 74 %。15 %病人在eCABG前作过心肺复苏。结果　fPTCA的eCABG的发生率从 2 9% (1977～ 82 )下降至 6 %(1983～ 87) ,0 0 2 % (1988～ 92 )下降至 0 0 0 4 % (1993～ 97) (P =0 0 0 1)。病人平均年龄从 (5 0± 10 )岁 (1977～82 )上升至 (6 2± 10 )岁 (1993～ 97) (P =0 0 0 0 1)。三支病变的发生率从 4 % (1977～ 82 )上升至 6 8% (1993～ 97)(P =0 0 0 0 1) ,LAD扩张的发生率从 76 % (1977～ 82 )降为 36 % (1993～ 97) (P =0 0 0 9)。eCABG的死亡率5 % ,在各个时间都稳定。左乳内动脉的使用从 8% (1977～ 82 )上升至 5 4 % (1993～ 97) (P =0 0 0 6 )。 (14± 4 )年 (1～ 2 0年 )后 ,实际生存率 (84± 8) % ,(70± 11) %免予心肌梗死 ,(5 8± 17) %免予二次手术。

关键词： PTCA失败后急症冠状动脉搭桥术心肌梗死单支病变二支病变三支病变