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Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： Sofia Tisocco Sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building Services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI Research Centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

Reactive oxygen species promote endurance exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscles

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 780-792页

作者： scott K.Powers Zsolt Radak Li Li ji Malcolm jackson Department of Applied Physiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608USA Research Institute of Sport Science Hungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapest 1123Hungary Department of Kinesiology University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55455USA Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science Institute of Life Course and Medical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L78TXUK

The discovery that contracting skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen species(ROS)was first reported over 40 years *** prevailing view in the 1980s was that exercise-induced ROS production promotes oxidation of proteins and lipids resulting in muscle ***,a paradigm shift occurred in the 1990s as growing research revealed that ROS are signaling molecules,capable of activating transcriptional activators/coactivators and promoting exercise-induced muscle *** evidence supports the notion that reduction-oxidation(redox)signaling pathways play an important role in the muscle remodeling that occurs in response to endurance exercise *** review examines the specific role that redox signaling plays in this endurance exercise-induced skeletal muscle *** begin with a discussion of the primary sites of ROS production in contracting muscle fibers followed by a summary of the antioxidant enzymes involved in the regulation of ROS levels in the *** then discuss which redox-sensitive signaling pathways promote endurance exercise-induced muscle adaptation and debate the strength of the evidence supporting the notion that redox signaling plays an essential role in muscle adaptation to endurance exercise *** hopes of stimulating future research,we highlight several important unanswered questions in this field.

关键词： Antioxidants Mitochondrial biogenesis Radicals Redox signaling

Blood metal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total joint arthroplasty patients

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 773-782页

作者： Peter C Brennan Stephanie M Peterson Thomas j O'Byrne Mariana L Laporta Cody C Wyles paul j jannetto Garvan C Kane Maria Vassilaki Hilal Maradit Kremers Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND There is concern regarding potential long-term cardiotoxicity with systemic distribution of metals in total joint arthroplasty(TjA)*** To determine the association of commonly used implant metals with echocardiographic measures in TjA *** The study comprised 110 TjA patients who had a recent history of high chromium,cobalt or titanium *** underwent two-dimensional,three-dimensional,Doppler and speckle-strain transthoracic echocardiography and a blood draw to measure metal *** and sex-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of metal concentrations(exposure)with echocardiographic measures(outcome).RESULTS Higher cobalt concentrations were associated with increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(estimate 5.09;95%CI:0.02-10.17)as well as left atrial and right ventricular dilation,particularly in men but no changes in cardiac *** titanium concentrations were associated with a reduction in left ventricle global longitudinal strain(estimate 0.38;95%CI:0.70 to 0.06)and cardiac index(estimate 0.08;95%CI,-0.15 to-0.01).CONCLUSION Elevated cobalt and titanium concentrations may be associated with structural and functional cardiac changes in some *** studies are warranted to better understand the systemic effects of metals in TjA patients.

关键词： Total joint arthroplasty Metal-on-metal Cardiotoxicity Heart failure Echocardiography Cobalt

Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： Muriithi j. Githinji paul M. Njogu Zipporah Nganga Mohamed Karama Institute of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROMID) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academic Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harmful microorganisms, inorganic and organic compounds that pose a risk to human health and the environment. Incineration is a common method employed in healthcare waste management to reduce volume, quantity, toxicity as well as elimination of microorganisms. However, some of the substances remain unchanged during incineration and become part of bottom ash, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. Monitoring of pollution by heavy metals is important since their concentrations in the environment affect public health. The goal of this study was to determine the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom ash samples were collected over a period of six months. Sample preparation and treatment were done using standard methods. Analysis of the heavy metals were done using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, model AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine whether there were significant differences on the mean levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom ash from the five sampling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determine if there were significant differences between and within samples. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall mean of each metal from each site was calculated. The metal mean concentration values were compared with existing permissible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (mg/kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a mean of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadmium and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sampling locations. There were significant differences between levels determined by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environment Incineration Heavy Metals Bottom Ash

A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah j.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-Smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale jacob McCormick Craig Lynch paul A.Cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.john of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

中国锂动力电池产业链污染调查评估及风险管控

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环境污染与防治 2024年第3期46卷 387-391,399页

作者：李媛时进钢陈楠张明博 paul P.j.Gaffney 生态环境部环境发展中心北京100029 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

在碳达峰、碳中和目标指引下,新能源汽车产业带动锂动力电池迅猛发展,锂动力电池全产业链包括上游锂资源开发利用与锂盐生产、中游锂动力电池原材料生产与锂动力电池制造、下游锂动力电池的回收与利用,其生产过程均对生态环境产生不同... 详细信息

在碳达峰、碳中和目标指引下,新能源汽车产业带动锂动力电池迅猛发展,锂动力电池全产业链包括上游锂资源开发利用与锂盐生产、中游锂动力电池原材料生产与锂动力电池制造、下游锂动力电池的回收与利用,其生产过程均对生态环境产生不同程度的影响。基于全国环境影响评价管理信息平台相关数据及产业链产排污特征分析,研究指出中国锂动力电池产业发展面临的环境风险,并提出针对性的建议。结果表明,上游锂资源扩产面临较大的生态环境风险,锂盐生产或影响区域环境空气质量;中游锂动力电池生产过程涉及多种重金属与有机物,存在环境风险;下游回收利用现状不容乐观;建议从环境准入、排污许可、企业环境主体责任等方面入手,加强全产业链的环境风险管控。

关键词：锂动力电池全产业链产污特征生态环境风险环境管理

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57万亿电动车市场引爆

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第1期 42-47页

作者： Malcolm scott Amy Stillman Zoltan Simon Patpicha Tanakasempipat paul Burkhardt jacob Lorinc 许诺(译) 不详

长达一个世纪的内燃机汽车时代在迈向电动车时代,这一历史性转变正在世界经济的某些令人意想不到的角落制造引爆点。而且现在才刚刚开始。在自然资源丰富的加拿大“火环地带”,由于对环境退化的担忧,电动汽车生产所需矿物的开采许可审... 详细信息

长达一个世纪的内燃机汽车时代在迈向电动车时代,这一历史性转变正在世界经济的某些令人意想不到的角落制造引爆点。而且现在才刚刚开始。在自然资源丰富的加拿大“火环地带”,由于对环境退化的担忧,电动汽车生产所需矿物的开采许可审批速度放缓,不同的环保目标之间在发生冲突。

关键词：内燃机汽车环境退化电动汽车自然资源历史性转变引爆点电动车加拿大

Causes of Cretaceous subduction termination below South China and Borneo:Was the Proto-South China Sea underlain by an oceanic plateau?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 100-124页

作者： Suzanna H.A.van de Lagemaat Licheng Cao junaidi Asis Eldert L.Advokaat paul R.D.Mason Mark j.Dekkers Douwe j.j.van Hinsbergen Department of Earth Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands College of Marine Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluMalaysia

The South China,Indochina,and Borneo margins surrounding the South China Sea contain long-lived arcs that became inactive at approximately 85 Ma,even though an embayment of oceanic crust(the‘Proto-South China Sea’)remained in the intervening *** oceanic crust eventually subducted in the Cenozoic below Borneo and the Cagayan arc,while the modern South China Sea opened in its *** investigate the enigmatic cessation of Mesozoic subduction below South China and Borneo,we studied a fragment of oceanic crust and overlying trench-fill sediments that accreted to NW Borneo during the final stages of Paleo-Pacific *** on radiolarian biostratigraphy of cherts overlying the pillow basalts and detrital zircon geochronology of the trench-fill,we constrained the minimum age of the oceanic crust during accretion to 40 *** shows that subduction cessation was not related to ridge *** analysis of pillow basalts revealed an enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt signature comparable to oceanic *** paleomagnetism,we show that this fragment of oceanic crust was not part of the Izanagi Plate but was part of a plate(the‘Pontus’Plate)separated from the Izanagi Plate by a subduction *** on the minimum 40 Ma age of the oceanic crust and its geochemistry,we suggest that Mesozoic subduction below South China and Borneo stopped when an oceanic plateau entered the trench,while the eastern plate margin with the Izanagi Plate remained *** show how our findings offer opportunities to restore plate configurations of the Panthalassa-Tethys junction region.

关键词： Proto-South China Sea Paleomagnetism Geochemistry Borneo Paleo-Pacific Izanagi Plate

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华尔街察觉到“野蛮人”归来

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第13期 24-25页

作者： paul j.Davies 程玺(译) 不详

经历多次误判后,摩根士丹利、高盛等机构的银行家们相信,期待已久的私募交易和投行费用的复苏终于临近.“野蛮人”杀回来了。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)和高盛集团(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)相信,他们最重要的客户在长期观望之后,即... 详细信息

经历多次误判后,摩根士丹利、高盛等机构的银行家们相信,期待已久的私募交易和投行费用的复苏终于临近.“野蛮人”杀回来了。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)和高盛集团(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)相信,他们最重要的客户在长期观望之后,即将卷土重来,并有望推动期待已久的投资银行费用的复苏。

关键词：摩根士丹利银行费用高盛集团私募投行费用银行家华尔街复苏