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When evidence is lacking:a mixed-methods approach for the development of practice guidance in liver transplantation

Gastroenterology Report 2021年第1期9卷 22-30,I0001页

作者： Lisa B.VanWagner Blessing Aghaulor Tasmeen Hussain Megan Kosirog patrick Campbell Stewart Pine Amna Daud Daniel j.Finn j.sh Levitsky Donald M.Lloyd-j.nes j.ne L.Holl Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Comprehensive Transplant Center Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Center for Healthcare Delivery Science and Innovation and Department of Neurology Biological Sciences DivisionUniversity of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Background Most interventions for conditions with a small cohort size,such as transplantation,are unlikely to be part of a clinical *** condition-specific evidence is lacking,expert consensus can offer more precise guidance to improve *** of cardiovascular risk in liver-transplant recipients is one example for which clinicians have,to date,adapted evidence-based guidelines from studies in the general ***,even when consensus is achieved,implementation of practice guidance is often inadequate and *** report on a novel mixed-methods approach,the Northwestern MethodVC,for the development of clinical-practice guidance when condition-specific evidence is *** illustrate the method through the development of practice guidance for managing cardiovascular risk in liver-transplant *** The Northwestern MethodVC consists of(i)adaptation of relevant,existing,evidence-based clinical-practice guidelines for the target population;(ii)consensus by experts of the proposed practice guidance;(iii)identification of barriers to guidance adherence in current practice;and(iv)recommendation for implementation and dissemination of the practice *** method is based on an iterative,user-centered approach in which the needs,wants,and limitations of all end users,including patients,are attended to at each stage of the design and development *** The Northwestern MethodVC for clinical-practice-guidance development uses a mixed-methods approach to bring together broad representation from multiple disciplines and practice settings to develop consensus considering the unique needs and preferences of patients,caregivers,and practitioners who are directly impacted by clinical-practice-guidance *** hypothesize that a priori involvement of end users in the guidance-development process will lead to sustainable implementation of guidance statements into clinical practice.

关键词： liver transplantation practice guideline consensus methodology

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Recent trends and developments in the asymmetric synthesis of profens

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绿色合成与催化(英文) 2023年第2期4卷 89-103页

作者： Qiuyue Wang Yuchen Qi Xuefeng Gao Lili Gong Ruiying Wan Weihua Lei Zhenguo Wang j.anyou Mao Haixing Guan Wei Li patrick j.Walsh College of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Experimental Center Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic ResearchShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Department of Emergency Medicine People's Hospital of Huimin CountyBinzhou 251700China Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Department of ChemistryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia 19104-6323United States

The profens belong to a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),which exert significant antiinflammatory,analgesic,antipyretic and other pharmacological effects.A considerable number of catalytic asymmetric strategies for the synthesis of enantioenriched profens have been *** are outlined recent trends and developments of promising catalytic enantioselective systems for the generation of profens and their *** to the reaction type,we divided these transformations into three categories:Transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenations,transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric cross-couplings and organocatalytic asymmetric *** of generic reaction mechanisms are ***,this tutorial review will motivate further interest in the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of highly enantioenriched profens.

关键词： NSAIDs Asymmetric synthesis Transition metal catalysis Organocatalysis

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Defining cell identity beyond the premise of differential gene expression

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Cell Regeneration 2021年第1期10卷 226-228页

作者： Hani j.eun Kim patrick P.L.Tam Pengyi Yang School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Computational Systems Biology Group Children’s Medical Research InstituteFaculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneyWestmeadNSW 2145Australia Charles Perkins Centre The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Embryology Unit Children’s Medical Research InstituteFaculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneyWestmeadNSW 2145Australia School of Medical Science Faculty of Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

Identifying genes that define cell identity is a requisite step for characterising cell types and cell states and predicting cell fate *** far,the most widely used approach for this task is based on differential expression(DE)of genes,whereby the shift of mean expression are used as the primary statistics for identifying gene transcripts that are specific to cell types and *** DE-based methods are useful for pinpointing genes that discriminate cell types,their reliance on measuring difference in mean expression may not reflect the biological attributes of cell identity ***,we highlight the quest for non-DE methods and provide an overview of these methods and their applications to identify genes that define cell identity and functionality.

关键词： beyond cell identity

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Crystal structure,dielectric,ferroelectric and energy storage properties of La-doped BaTiO_(3) semiconducting ceramics

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j.urnal of Advanced Dielectrics 2015年第3期5卷 65-73页

作者： Venkata Sreenivas Puli patrick Li Shiva Adireddy Douglas B.Chrisey Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Tulane University New OrleansLA 70118USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at El PasoTX 78869USA

Polycrystalline La-doped BaTiO_(3)(Ba_(1-x)La_(x)TiO_(3))[x¼0;0:0005;0:001;0:003]ceramics(denoted as BTO,BLT1,BLT2,BLT3)were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and Raman *** and Raman spectra revealed single-phase tetragonal perovskite crystalline ***-saturated polarization–electric field(P–E)hysteresis loops were observed with the measurement frequency of 50Hz at room temperature and confirmed ferroelectric nature of these ceramics and a high recoverable electrical energy storage density of 0.350j.cm^(3) with energy efficiency(n)-9%,which is useful in energy storage capacitor *** studies revealed anomalies around 415–420K and near the Curie *** latter is attributed to the ferroelectric to paraelectric phase *** dielectric performances were obtained for La-doped samples sintered at 1350℃ for *** growth is inhibited with lanthanum(La)incorporation into the BTO *** temperature semiconducting behavior with positive temperature coefficient of resistivity(PTCR)behavior at TC is attributed to electron compensation mechanism.

关键词： BaTiO_(3) doping ferroelectric energy storage semicoductor PTCR

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Dried-leaf Artemisia annua: A practical malaria therapeutic for developing countries?

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World j.urnal of Pharmacology 2014年第4期3卷 39-55页

作者： Pamela j.Weathers Melissa Towler Ahmed Hassanali Pierre Lutgen patrick Ogwang Engeu Department of Biologyand Biotechnology Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA 01609 United States School of Pure and Applied Sciences Kenyatta University IFBV-BELHERB PO Box 98 L-6908 Nieder-anven Luxembourg Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute Ministry of Health PO Box 4864 Kampala Uganda

Artemisinin from the plant Artemisia annua （A. annua） L., and used as artemisinin combination therapy （ACT）, is the current best therapeutic for treating malaria, a disease that hits children and adults especially in developing countries. Traditionally, A. annua was used by the Chinese as a tea to treat “fever”. More recently, investiga-tors have shown that tea infusions and oral consumption of the dried leaves of the plant have prophylactic and therapeutic effcacy. The presence of a complex matrix of chemicals within the leaves seems to enhance both the bioavailability and effcacy of artemisinin. Although about 1000-fold less potent than artemisinin in their antiplasmodial activity, these plant chemicals are mainly small molecules that include other artemisinic compounds, terpenes （mainly mono and sesqui）, favonoids, and polyphenolic acids. In addition, polysaccharide constituents of A. an-nua may enhance bioavailability of artemisinin. Rodent pharmacokinetics showed longer T？ and Tmax and greater Cmax and AUC in Plasmodium chabaudi -infected mice treated with A. annua dried leaves than in healthy mice. Pharmacokinetics of deoxyartemisinin, a liver metabolite of artemisinin, was more inhibited in infected than in healthy mice. In healthy mice, artemisinin serum levels were 〉 40-fold greater in dried leaf fed mice than those fed with pure artemisinin. Human trial data showed that when delivered as dried leaves, 40-fold less artemisinin was required to obtain a therapeutic response compared to pure artemisinin. ACTs are still unaffordable for many malaria patients, and cost estimates for A. annua dried leaf tablet production are orders of magnitude less than for ACT, despite improvements in the production capacity. Considering that for 〉 2000 years this plant was used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of fever with no apparent appearance of artemisinin drug resistance, the evidence argues for inclusion of affordable A. annua dried leaf tablets into the a

关键词： Malaria Infectious disease Artemisia annua Artemisinin Combination therapy Artemisinin combination therapy

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Is VATS Bullectomy and Pleurectomy an Effective Method for the Management of Spontaneous Pneumothorax?

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Open j.urnal of Thoracic Surgery 2016年第3期6卷 25-31页

作者： Ramzi A. Addas Farid M. Shamj. Sudhir R. Sundaresan patrick j.mes Villeneuve Andrew j. E. Seely Sebastien Gilbert Donna E. Maziak Department of Thoracic Surgery General Hospital Ottawa Canada

Spontaneous pneumothorax, primary or secondary, is a common medical emergency for which specific indications for surgical intervention are well defined in selected patients. The traditional surgical approach has been by limited thoracotomy using axillary or posterolateral incision. With the advent of video-assisted minimally invasive technique in the last 20 years the traditional approach is infrequently used. The definitive operation to prevent recurrent pneumothorax by surgical approach requires bullectomy and parietal pleurectomy. The recurrence rate after the traditional open surgical approach has been low at <2%. On the other hand, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, although better tolerated has a higher recurrence rate at 5% [1]. Information on post-operative morbidity and mortality are lacking. For this reason, we have reviewed our experience at one institution on the outcome of the VATS approach. We found that prolonged post- operative air leak is the most common complication and cigarette smoking remains an important associated factor.

关键词： Bullectomy Pleurectomy Thoracoscopic Morbidity

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Outcomes of tenodesis of the long head of the biceps tendon more than three months after rupture

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世界骨科杂志：英文版 2016年第3期7卷 188-194页

作者： patrick j.Mc Mahon Andrea Speziali McMahon Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Pittsburgh Department of Bioen-gineering University of Pittsburgh Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Catholic University Agostino Gemelli’s Hospital

AIM: To demonstrate that long head of the biceps tendon(LHBT) tenodesis is possible more than 3 mo after rupture. METHODS: From September 2009 to j.nuary 2012 we performed tenodesis of the LHBT in 11 individuals(average age 56.9 years, range 42 to 73) more than 3 mo after rupture. All patients were evaluated by Disabilites of the Arm Shoulder and Hand(DASH) and Mayo outcome scores at an average follow-up of 19.1 mo. We similarly evaluated 5 patients(average age 58.2 years, range 45 to 64) over the same time treated within 3 mo of rupture with an average follow-up of 22.5 ***: Tenodesis with an interference screw was possible in all patients more than 3 mo after rupture and 90% had good to excellent outcomes but two had recurrent rupture. All of those who had tenodesis less than 3 mo after rupture had good to excellent outcomes and none had recurrent rupture. No statistical difference was found for DASH and Mayo outcome scores between the two groups(P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Tenodesis of LHBT more than 3 mo following rupture had outcomes similar to tenodesis done within 3 mo of rupture but recurrent rupture occurred in 20%.

关键词： Popeye deformity Chronic rupture Biceps tenodesis Muscular spasm Interference screw Long head of biceps tendon

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黑龙江兴凯湖湿地羽纹藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录

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水生生物学报 2014年第4期38卷 669-674页

作者：葛蕾刘妍 patrick j.Kociolek 范亚文哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院哈尔滨150025 科罗拉多大学自然历史博物馆美国80309

2011年6月对黑龙江兴凯湖湿地自然保护区进行了藻类标本采集,在对硅藻进行分类研究的过程中,观察到羽纹藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录植物6个分类单位,包括5种1变种,分别为埃氏羽纹藻Pinnularia aestuarii Cleve、中心羽纹藻Pinnularia cruxar... 详细信息

2011年6月对黑龙江兴凯湖湿地自然保护区进行了藻类标本采集,在对硅藻进行分类研究的过程中,观察到羽纹藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录植物6个分类单位,包括5种1变种,分别为埃氏羽纹藻Pinnularia aestuarii Cleve、中心羽纹藻Pinnularia cruxarea Krammer、纤弱羽纹藻钝形变种Pinnularia distinguenda *** Krammer、球状羽纹藻Pinnularia gibbiformis Krammer、特殊羽纹藻Pinnularia notabilis Krammer、鲜明羽纹藻Pinnularia perspicua Krammer。对这些种类的分类学特征进行了详细的描述,与同属中相似种类进行了比较,为黑龙江兴凯湖湿地藻类资源调查提供了基础资料。

关键词：羽纹藻属中国新记录兴凯湖

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青年亚文化研究之社会学传统

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大连大学学报 2017年第2期38卷 97-101页

作者： j.patrick Williams 杨颖刘岩大连大学马克思主义学院

在美国和英国,对青年亚文化的研究虽已经有很悠久的历史,但是青年亚文化在文化社会学中仍属边缘分支学科。文章是从评述芝加哥学校的影响、应变理论、伯明翰学校、青年亚文化研究的后亚文化研究和青年文化研究几个方面着手,阐述了社会... 详细信息

在美国和英国,对青年亚文化的研究虽已经有很悠久的历史,但是青年亚文化在文化社会学中仍属边缘分支学科。文章是从评述芝加哥学校的影响、应变理论、伯明翰学校、青年亚文化研究的后亚文化研究和青年文化研究几个方面着手,阐述了社会学传统、英国社会学和当代社会学对亚文化所开展的研究。

关键词：亚文化社会传统

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Evaluation of TB elimination strategies in Canadian Inuit populations:Nunavut as a case study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第4期7卷 698-708页

作者： Elaheh Abdollahi Yoav Keynan patrick Foucault j.son Brophy Holden Sheffield Seyed MMoghadas Agent-Based Modelling Laboratory York UniversityM3J 1P3TorontoOntarioCanada Department of Medical Microbiology Max Rady College of MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegR3E 0T5ManitobaCanada National Collaborating Centre for Infectious Diseases University of ManitobaWinnipegR3E 0T5ManitobaCanada Department of Family Medicine Qikiqtani General HospitalIqaluitX0A 0H0NunavutCanada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaK1N 6N5OntarioCanada Department of Paediatrics Qikiqtani General HospitalIqaluitX0A 0H0NunavutCanada

Tuberculosis(TB)continues to disproportionately affect Inuit populations in Canada with some communities having over 300 times higher rate of active TB than Canadian-born,non-Indigenous *** Tuberculosis Elimination Framework has set the goal of reducing active TB incidence by at least 50%by 2025,aiming to eliminate it by *** these goals are achievable with available resources and treatment regimens currently in practice has not been *** developed an agent-based model of TB transmission to evaluate timelines and milestones attainable in Nunavut,Canada by including case findings,contact-tracing and testing,treatment of latent TB infection(LTBI),and the government investment on housing infrastructure to reduce the average house-hold *** model was calibrated to ten years of TB incidence data,and simulated for 20 years to proj.ct program *** found that,under a range of plausible scenarios with tracing and testing of 25%e100%of frequent contacts of detected active cases,the goal of 50%reduction in annual incidence by 2025 is not *** active TB cases are identified rapidly within one week of becoming symptomatic,then the annual incidence would reduce below 100 per 100,000 population,with 50%reduction being met between 2025 and *** TB from Inuit populations would require high rates of contacttracing and would extend beyond *** findings indicate that time-to-identification of active TB is a critical factor determining program effectiveness,suggesting that investment in resources for rapid case detection is fundamental to controlling TB.

关键词： Tuberculosis Inuit populations Treatment Agent-based simulation 2000 MSC 92B05

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