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Role of inflammatory response in liver diseases: Therapeutic strategies

World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 1-7页

作者： José A Del Campo paloma Gallego Lourdes Grande Department of Digestive Diseases Valme University Hospital and CIBERehd

Inflammation and tumorigenesis are tightly linked pathways impacting cancer development. Inflammasomes are key signalling platforms that detect pathogenic microorganisms, including hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection, and sterile stressors(oxidative stress, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity) able to activate pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and IL-18. Most of the inflammasome complexes that have been described to date contain a NOD-like receptor sensor molecule. Redox state and autophagy can regulate inflammasome complex and, depending on the conditions, can be either pro-or antiapoptotic. Acute and chronic liver diseases are cytokinedriven diseases as several proinflammatory cytokines(IL-1α, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6) are critically involved in inflammation, steatosis, fibrosis, and cancer development. NLRP3 inflammasome gain of function aggravates liver disease, resulting in severe liver fibrosis and highlighting this pathway in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. On the other hand, HCV infection is the primary catalyst for progressive liver disease and development of liver cancer. It is well established that HCV-induced IL-1β production by hepatic macrophages plays a critical and central process that promotes liver inflammation and disease. In this review, we aim to clarify the role of the inflammasome in the aggravation of liver disease, and how selective blockade of this main pathway may be a useful strategy to delay fibrosis progression in liver diseases.

关键词： Caspase-1 Fibrosis Hepatitis C virus Inflammasome Interleukin-1α Interleukin-1β Liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NLRP3 Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

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Western view of the management of gastroesophageal foreign bodies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2016年第9期8卷 378-384页

作者： Aurora Burgos Luis Rábago paloma Triana Division of Gastroenterology La Paz University Hospital Luis Rábago Division of Gastroenterology San Rafael Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery La Paz University Hospital

The best modality for foreign body removal has beenthe subject of much controversy over the *** have read with great interest the recent article by Souza Aguiar Municipal Hospital,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil,describing their experience with the management of esophageal foreign bodies in ***-endoscopic methods of removing foreign bodies(such as a Foley catheter guided or not by fluoroscopy)have been successfully used at this *** methods could be an attractive option because of the following advantages:Shorter hospitalization time;easy to perform;no need for anesthesia;avoids esophagoscopy;and lower ***,the complications of these procedures can be severe and potentially fatal if not performed correctly,such as bronchoaspiration,perforation,and acute airway *** addition,it has some disadvantages,such as the inability to directly view the esophagus and the inability to always retrieve foreign ***,in Western countries clinical practice usually recommends endoscopic removal of foreign bodies under direct vision and with airway protection whenever possible.

关键词： Foreign bodies Children Foley catheter Flexible endoscopy

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A Comprehensive Audit of Corporate Social Responsibility

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Chinese Business Review 2013年第12期12卷 821-833页

作者： Clarence J. Mann paloma Bemal Turnes University of Maryland University College Maryland United States Georgetown University Washington DC United States Rey Juan Carlos University Madrid Spain

As enterprises expand globally, the social value of their operations is assessed on the full range of their contribution to society. Enterprises must be profitable to succeed, but they also should strategically align their operations so far as feasible and sustainable in order to address related social needs. This alignment includes not only the beneficial design and quality of goods and services an enterprise produces, but also enhancing the beneficial effects that its full range of business processes, systems, and practices have on society. A comprehensive enterprise corporate social responsibility （CSR） audit is based on two comprehensive social systems models---one of society as a whole and another of the corporate organization. By juxtaposing these two models--which are mirror images of each other--an enterprise can identify various points where its activities intersect with relevant social needs and can configure its operations so far as feasible to alleviate pressing social issues. Using a comparative cost-benefit analysis, the enterprise determines which systems, processes, and activities need to configure or adapt in order to better address the societal needs that are most critical for its success. They may require the enterprise to re-design products or services, develop new activities or desist in others, or reconfigure processes or systems. Thus, enterprises must decide which options are most feasible in light of the societal benefit they are likely to produce. As creatures of society, enterprises have much to gain by strengthening civil society and addressing its most pressing needs whenever possible within the limits of its commercial mission. What action to take depends upon the firm＇s cost-benefit analysis.

关键词： corporate social responsibility (CSR) enterprise audit model social process model corporate culture corporate process.

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Volatile organic compound emission and biochemical properties of degraded Ultisols ameliorated by no tillage and liming

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 597-606页

作者： Laura GIAGNONI Cosimo TAITI paloma LEON Corrado COSTA Paolo MENESATTI Rafael ESPEJO Clara GOMEZ-PACCARD Chiquinquira HONTORIA Eduardo VAZQUEZ Marta BENITO Stefano MANCUSO Giancarlo RENELLA Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceP.le delle Cascine 18Florence 50144(Italy) Departamento de Production Agraria E.T.S.I.AgrondmicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Complutense s/nMadrid 28040(Spain) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e I'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria(CREA)-Unita di Ricerca per ilngegneria Agraria via della Pascolare 16Monterotondo ScaloRM 00015(Italy) Department of Soil Biogeochemistry and Soil Ecology University of BayreuthDr.Hans-Frisch-Strafie 1-3Bayreuth 95448(Germany) University of Padua Department of AgronomyFoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)Viale dell'Universita 16Legnaro 35020(Italy)

TTie Ultisols in the Rana de Canamero area in Southwest Spain showed aluminum(Al)phytotoxicity,and the clearance of natural vegetation and decades of intensive conventional agriculture caused the deplation of soil organic matter(SOM).Therefore,we studied the long-term effects of no tillage and liming using sugar beet foam(SF)and red gypsum(RG),alone or in combination,on the restoration of Ultisols affected by acidification,Al phytotoxicity,and SOM *** measured the main soil chemical properties,soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur mineralization,and the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).The results indicated that liming effectively neutralized the soil acidity in the long term and,in combination with no tillage,significantly increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme ***-three VOCs were detected using the proton transfer reaction-time of flight(PTR-ToF)technique,and both liming and tillage changed the VOC emission *** greatest difference in VOC emission pattern was observed between no-tilled un-amended soils and tilled lime-amended soils,suggesting the activation of different metabolic pathways within the microbial communities of soils under different *** in VOC emission patterns could be attributed to the decomposition of carbohydrates,which were also sustained by the higher enzyme activities in the lime-amended soils.

关键词： carbohydrate decomposition degraded soils long-term field trial soil acidity soil enzyme activities soil microbial biomass soil restoration

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Use of geospatial tools to predict the risk of contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in urban cemeteries

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 331-346页

作者： paloma Carollo Toscan Alcindo Neckel Laércio Stolfo Maculan Cleiton Korcelski Marcos L.SOliveira Eliane Thaines Bodah Brian William Bodah Henrique Aniceto Kujawa Affonso Celso Gonalves Faculdade Meridional IMED304Passo FundoRS 99070-220Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia Universidad de Lima Departamento de Ingeniería civil y ArquitecturaAvenida Javier Prado Este 4600Santiago de Surco 1503Peru State University of New York Onondaga Community College4585 West SenecaTurnpikeSyracuseNY 13215USA Thaines and Bodah Center for Education and Development 840 South Meadowlark LaneOthelloWA 99344USA University of Perugia Piazza Università106123 PerugiaItaly State University of Western Paraná–UNIOESTE Center of Agrarian SciencesRua Pernambuco1777CentroMarechal Cândido RondonPR 85960-000Brazil

Urban cemeteries are increasingly surrounded by areas of high residential density as urbanization continues world-wide. With increasing rates of mortality caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2,urban vertical cemeteries are experiencing interments at an unprecedented rate. Corpses interred in the 3rd to 5th layer of vertical urban cemeteries have the potential to contaminate large adjacent *** general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the reflectance of altimetry, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and land surface temperature(LST) in the urban cemeteries and neighbouring areas of the City of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is assumed that the population residing in the vicinity of these cemeteries may be exposed to SARS-CoV-2 contamination through the displacement of microparticles carried by the wind as a corpse is placed in the burial niche or during the first several days of subsequent fluid and gas release through the process of decomposition. The reflectance analyses were performed utilizing Landsat 8 satellite images applied to altimetry, NDVI and LST, for hypothetical examination of possible displacement, transport and subsequent deposition of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The results showed that two cemeteries within the city, cemeteries A and B could potentially transport SARS-CoV-2 of nanometric structure to neighboring residential areas through wind *** two cemeteries are located at high relative altitudes in more densely populated regions of the *** NDVI, which has been shown to control the proliferation of contaminants, proved to be insufficient in these areas, contributing to high LST values. Based on the results of this study, the formation and implementation of public policies that monitor urban cemeteries is suggested in areas that utilize vertical urban cemeteries in order to reduce the further spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

关键词： Remote sensing Reflectance temperature Atmospheric contamination Urban environment SARS-CoV-2

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