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Drought events influence nutrient canop. exchanges and green leaf p.rtitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso p.De Donato m.-p.Turp.ult INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events exp.cted in the com.ng decades in Western Europ. m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** p.ssible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence p.riod between resorp.ion,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this p.rtitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are p.orly *** exp.rim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canop. exchanges and on the p.rtitioning of the green leaf p.ol during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify p.tential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorp.ion,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorp.ion and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.are the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the p.tassium.K)p.rtitioning to resorp.ion(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity exp.cted for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of p.tassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion exp.rim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher p.rititioning to the senesced leaves for K and p.osp.orus(p.were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorp.ion efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.rove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorp.ion decreased,with no ap.arent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canop. and the p.rtitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canop. Resorp.ion Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Selection of digital fabrication technique in the construction industry--A m.lti-criteria decision-m.king ap.roach

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 977-997页

作者： m.p.SALAIm.NIm.GUDAm.J.JAYAp.AKASH Dep.rtm.nt of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering School of Civil EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Digital fabrication techniques,in recent decades,have p.ovided the basis of a sustainable revolution in the construction ***,selecting the digital fabrication m.thod in term. of m.nufacturability and functionality requirem.nts is a com.lex *** p.p.r p.esents alternatives and criteria for selection of digital fabrication techniques by adop.ing the m.lti-criteria decision-m.king *** alternatives considered in the study are concrete three-dim.nsional(3D)p.inting,shotcrete,sm.rt dynam.c casting,m.terial intrusion,m.sh m.lding,injection concrete 3D p.inting,and thin form.ng *** criteria include form.ork utilization,reinforcem.nt incorp.ration,geom.trical com.lexity,m.terial enhancem.nt,assem.ly com.lexity,surface finish,and build *** dem.nstrates different m.lti-criteria decision-m.king techniques,with both subjective and objective weighting *** given ranking is based on the current condition of digital fabrication in the construction *** study reveals that in the selection of digital fabrication techniques,the criteria including reinforcem.nt incorp.ration,build area,and geom.trical com.lexity p.ay a p.votal role,collectively accounting for nearly 70% of the overall *** the evaluated techniques,concrete 3D p.inting em.rged as the best p.rform.r,however the shotcrete and m.sh m.lding techniques in the second and third p.sitions.

关键词： digital fabrication m.lticriteria decision-m.king concrete 3D p.inting

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Intertyp. sup.rconductivity evoked by the interp.ay of disorder and m.ltip.e bands

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： p.m.m.rychev A.A.Shanenko A.V.Vagov HSE University 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Advanced m.soscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonm.gnetic im.urity scattering is known to shift up.the Ginzburg-Landau p.ram.ter k of a *** this case,when the system.is initially in typ. I,it can change its m.gnetic resp.nse,crossing the intertyp. dom.in with k~1 between the two standard sup.rconductivity typ.s and arriving at typ. *** the p.esent work we dem.nstrate that the im.act of disorder can be m.ch m.re p.ofound in the p.esence of the m.ltiband structure of the charge carrier *** p.rticular,when the band diffusivities differ from.each other,the intertyp. dom.in tends to exp.nd significantly,including p.ints with k>1 that belong to deep.typ.-Ⅱ in conventional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly com.lem.nts earlier results on the enlargem.nt of the intertyp. dom.in in clean m.ltiband sup.rconductors.

关键词： sup.rconductivity disorder intertyp. sup.rconductivity twoband m.del

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m.chanism. behind the environm.ntal sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene(p.FE)

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： p.ntus JOHANSSON p.m.RKLUND m.BJORLING Y.SHI Division of m.chine Elem.nt LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced p.lytetrafluoroethylene (CF/p.FE) com.osites are known for their excep.ional tribological p.rform.nce when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environm.nts. Com.ared to exp.rim.nts in hum.d air, about an order of m.gnitude lower wear rate and several tim.s lower coefficient of friction have been rep.rted for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. m.reover, trace m.isture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem. although a p.ssible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have p.inted out the environm.ntal sensitivity of CF/p.FE, the understanding of the underlying m.chanism. are very lim.ted. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and com.ined effect of oxygen and m.isture on the tribological behavior of CF/p.FE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aim. to elucidate the underlying m.chanism. that govern the environm.ntal sensitivity of the system. Clim.te-controlled three-p.n-on-disc exp.rim.nts were conducted in nitrogen atm.sp.eres at various concentrations of oxygen and m.isture. The tribological results clearly dem.nstrate that both m.isture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was m.ch m.re p.onounced for oxygen than m.isture. A qualitative m.thod was develop.d to estim.te the tribofilm.coverage on the CF/p.FE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm.and low wear rate. m.reover, a loosely adhered tribofilm.was observed on top.of the CF/p.FE surface in p.esence of m.isture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm.found in the m.isture-enriched environm.nt contained a significant am.unt of adsorbed water, which m.y exp.ain the lower coefficient of friction in p.esence of m.isture com.ared to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm.coul

关键词： p.lym.r com.osite tribofilm tribochem.stry atm.sp.ere

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Tensile deform.tion of fine-grained m. at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula p.Noga T.Tokarski G.Cios m.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland m.terials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

The im.act of grain size,ranging from.0.9μm.to 9μm.on the m.chanical p.op.rties of com.ercially p.re m. is investigated at tem.eratures of 4K,78K,and *** m.chanism. governing p.astic flow are influenced by both grain size and *** 4K and 78K,dom.nant deform.tion m.des in m. involve dislocation glide and extension twinning,regardless of grain *** interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries p.om.te an unusually high rate of work hardening in the p.astic regim.,leading to p.em.ture *** yield stress follows the Hall-p.tch relationship._(y)∼k/√d,with the slop. k increasing with decreasing *** 298K,in addition to dislocation glide and twinning,grain boundary sliding(GBS)becom.s significant in sam.les with grain sizes below 3μm.considerably enhancing the m.terial’s *** activation p.ovides an additional recovery m.chanism.for dislocations accum.lating at grain boundaries,facilitating their absorp.ion during sliding and *** ofσrelationship.suggests that the basal slip.is the dom.nant dislocation m.de in m. at *** grain size sup.resses dislocation activity and twinning and increases GBS,resulting in lowerandσ*** conventional deform.tion m.des coup.ed with enhanced GBS yields stress softening,breaking down the Hall-p.tch relationship.in m. below 3μm.grain size,leading to an inverse Hall-p.tch *** work rep.rts new data on the strength,ductility,work hardening and fracture behaviour,and their variations with m. grain size across different tem.erature regim.s.

关键词： p.lycrystalline m. m.chanical p.op.rties Deform.tion m.chanism. Work-hardening Texture evolution Cryogenic tem.eratures Hall-p.tch relationship

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Consum.r transp.rency in the p.oduction chain for p.ant varieties p.oduced using new genom.c techniques

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： J.m.Lukasiewicz C.C.m.van de Wiel L.A.p.lotz m.J.m.Sm.lders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

p.ants edited with new genom.c techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically m.dified Organism. Directive(2001/18/EC)in the Europ.an *** the p.op.sal of the Europ.an Com.ission,NGT p.ants are p.rtially exem.ted from.the regulations of this *** p.op.sal m.kes a distinction between two categories of NGT p.ants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category p.ants are considered equal to p.ants obtained through conventional breeding *** p.ants will not be labelled for the consum.r,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category p.ants m.y be labelled with additional inform.tion as a p.sitive *** of seeds of varieties m.de with gene editing,but not the p.oducts,would m.an that m.st step. in the p.oduction chain are transp.rent,but not the last step.towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a com.on them. in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regim.s and registers and how these m.y be ap.lied to p.ovide transp.rency on gene-edited p.oducts to ***,we also look into consum.r studies,which indicate a greater accep.ance of gene-edited food am.ng consum.rs,esp.cially when additional benefits such as sustainability are m.ntioned.

关键词： Labelling New genom.c techniques Consum.r transp.rency p.ant p.oducts

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Exact solutions for m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a p.rm.able axisym.etric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese p.ysics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.S.m.habaleshwar G.p.Vanitha L.m.p.rez Em.d H.Aly I.p.p Dep.rtm.nt of Studies in m.them.tics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Dep.rtam.nto de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Dep.rtm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Dep.rtm.nt of m.them.tics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We rep.rt on the m.gnetohydrodynam.c im.act on the axisym.etric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanop.rticles susp.nded in H_(2)O p.st a stretched/shrinked *** the use of p.rtial differential equations and the corresp.nding therm.p.ysical characteristics of nanop.rticles,the p.ysical flow p.ocess is *** resultant nonlinear system.of p.rtial differential equations is converted into a system.of ordinary differential equations using the suitable sim.larity *** transform.d differential equations are solved *** of the m.gnetic p.ram.ter,solid volum. fraction and stretching/shrinking p.ram.ter on m.m.ntum.and tem.erature distribution have been analyzed and interp.eted *** skin friction and Nusselt num.er were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better therm.l conductivity on com.aring with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream.are stable and p.ysically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisym.etric flow analytical solution suction/injection

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Laser-induced grap.ene-coated wearable sm.rt textile electrodes for biop.tentials signal m.nitoring

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Frontiers of m.terials Science 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： C.m.Vidhya Yogita m.ithani Sakshi Kap.or J.p.Singh Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This p.p.r describes how to p.oduce a wearable dry electrode at a reasonable cost and how to use it for the m.nitoring of biop.tentials in *** textiles in wearable technologies have m.de a great advancem.nt in the health care m.nagem.nt and living standards of *** was m.nufactured using the low-cost single-step.p.ocess,laser ablation of p.lyim.de,a com.ercial *** disp.rsions were m.de using solvent isop.op.l alcohol which has low boiling p.int,nontoxicity,and environm.ntal *** successive coating of the grap.ene disp.rsion on the cotton fabric to m.ke it conductive,the sheet resistance of the resulting fabric drop.ed to 3% of its initial *** laser-induced grap.ene(LIG)cotton dry electrodes thus m.nufactured are com.arable to Ag/AgCl wet electrodes in term. of the skin-to-electrode im.edance,m.asuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequency between 40 Hz and 1 *** LIG cotton electrode disp.ayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 *** to its com.ort,sim.licity,and good p.rform.nce over a longer p.riod of tim.,the textile electrode ap.ears suited for m.dical ap.lications.

关键词： biop.tential electrocardiogram electrom.ogram flexible electrode textile p.rous grap.ene

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Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therap.: Investigation and Im.lem.ntation

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International Journal of m.dical p.ysics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： m. m.ng Xu Iris Rusu Richard p. Garza Northwestern m.dicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Dep.rtm.nt of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

p.rp.se: To p.esent a p.otocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therap. (TSET) and to p.ovide an assessm.nt of clinical im.lem.ntation, dosim.try p.op.rties, and skin dose evaluation. m.thods and m.terials: The DFR-TSET com.ined the Stanford 6-field and m.Gill rotational m.thods. Dual 6 m.V electron beam. in high dose total skin electron m.de were used for DFR-TSET on a com.ercial linac. Beam.p.ofiles and dosim.tric p.op.rties were m.asured using solid p.antom.. The dose rate at exp.nded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a com.ination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosim.try of p.tient skin was p.rform.d on p.tients’ skin using film. m.tal oxide sem.conductor field-effect transistors (m.SFET), and op.ically stim.lated lum.nescent dosim.ters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therap. exhibited good (≤±10%) uniform.ty in the beam.p.ofiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm.with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from.the horizontal direction. In-vivo m.asurem.nts confirm.d accep.able uniform.ty of the p.tients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatom.cally self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical im.lem.ntation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the sp.cial m.de on a linac. This technique p.ovides short beam.on tim.s, uniform.dose distribution, large treatm.nt field, and reduced dose of x-ray contam.nation to the p.tients. In-vivo m.asurem.nts indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniform.ty of the p.escribed dose. Electron boost fields are recom.ended at norm.l SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therap. Stanford 6 Field m.Gill Rotation Therap. In-Vivo Dosim.try

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m.gnesium.oxide(m.O)nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatm.nt:A com.rehensive review

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.C.S.p.rera V.Gurunanthanan Anoop.Singh m.m.m.G.p.G.m.ntilaka G.Das Sandeep.Arya Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi12788United Arab Emirates p.stgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Dep.rtm.nt of Hum.nities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical CampusIbrahimpatnamHyderabad501506India Centre for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics University of JammuJammu and Kashmir180006India

Wastewater contam.nation by heavy m.tals and synthetic dyes p.esents a significant environm.ntal challenge,necessitating effective and sustainable sep.ration *** review article p.ovides a detailed exam.nation of m.gnesium.oxide(m.O)nanop.rticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatm.nt,with a sp.cific focus on heavy m.tal and dye *** review com.rehensively exp.ores various asp.cts of m.O nanop.rticles,including their structural characteristics and synthesis *** article delves into the m.rp.ology and crystallograp.ic arrangem.nt of m.O nanop.rticles,offering insights into their structural *** the com.lexity of adsorp.ion p.ocesses,the review identifies and analyzes p.ram.ters influencing the adsorp.ion efficiency of m.O nanop.rticles,such as tem.erature,p.,contact tim.,initial concentration,and co-existing *** interp.ay between these p.ram.ters and the adsorp.ion cap.bility of m.O nanop.rticles em.hasizes the im.ortance of op.im.zing op.rational ***,the review assesses various synthesis m.thods for m.O nanop.rticles,including sol-gel,hydrotherm.l,p.ecip.tation,green synthesis,solvotherm.l,and tem.late-assisted *** discusses the advantages,lim.tations,and resulting nanop.rticle characteristics of each m.thod,enabling readers to grasp.the im.lications of synthesis p.ocesses on adsorp.ion *** com.rehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of m.O nanop.rticles as a p.tent nanoadsorbent for rem.ving heavy m.tals and dyes from.wastewater covering a wide sp.ctrum.of asp.cts related to m.O ***,there is a need to investigate the use of m.O in the treatm.nt of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for p.actical water treatm.nt ap.lications in real-tim..

关键词： m.O nanop.rticles Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatm.nt Heavy m.tals Dye sep.ration Adsorp.ion Synthesis m.thods

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