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Field Relationships,Geochemistry,Zircon Ages and Evolution of a Late Archaean to palaeoproterozoic Lower Crustal Section in the Hengshan Terrain of Northern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2005年第5期79卷 605-632页

作者： A. KRoNER S.A. WILDE p.j. o＇brien LI jianghai C.W. pASSCHIER N.p. WALTE LIU Dunyi Institut fiir Geowissenschafien Universitat Mainz D-55099 Mainz Germany School of Applied Geology Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia Institut fiir Geowissenschafien Universitat Potsdam Postfach 601553 D-01553 Potsdam Germany Department of Geology Peking University Beijing 109009 China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 100037 China

The Hengshan complex forms part of the central zone of the North China Craton and consists predominantly of ductilely-deformed late Archaean to palaeoproterozoic high-grade, partly migmatitic, granitoid orthogneisses, intruded by mafic dykes of gabbroic composition. Many highly strained rocks were previously misinterpreted as supracrustal sequences and represent mylonitized granitoids and sheared dykes. our single zircon dating documents magmatic granitoid emplacement ages between 2.52 Ga and 2.48 Ga, with rare occurrences of 2.7 Ga gneisses, possibly reflecting an older basement. A few granitic gneisses have emplacement ages between 2.35 and 2.1 Ga and show the same structural features as the older rocks, indicating that the main deformation occurred after -2.1 Ga. Intrusion of gabbroic dykes occurred at -1920 Ma, and all Hengshan rocks underwent granulite-facies metamorphism at 1.88-1.85 Ga, followed by retrogression, sheafing and uplift. We interpret the Hengshan and adjacent Fuping granitoid gneisses as the lower, plutonic, part of a late Archaean to early palaeoproterozoic japan-type magmatic arc, with the upper, volcanic part represented by the nearby Wutai complex. Components of this arc may have evolved at a continental margin as indicated by the 2.7 Ga zircons. Major deformation and Hp metamorphism occurred in the late palaeoproterozoic during the Luliang orogeny when the Eastern and Western blocks of the North China Craton collided to form the Trans-North China orogen. Shear zones in the Hengshan are interpreted as major lower crustal discontinuities post-dating the peak of Hp metamorphism, and we suggest that they formed during orogenic collapse and uplift of the Hengshan complex in the late palaeoproterozoic （〈1.85 Ga）.

关键词： Archaean to palaeoproterozoic geology zircon age Hengshan terrain North China Craton

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Characterizing objective and self-report habitual physical activity and sedentary time in outpatients with an acquired brain injury

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 338-343页

作者： Liam p.pellerine Katerina Miller Ryan j.Frayne Myles W.o'brien Division of Kinesiology School of Health and Human PerformanceFaculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Acquired Brain Injury NeuroCommons Nova Scotia Health AuthorityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada School of physiotherapy(Faculty of Health)&Department of Medicine(Faculty of Medicine) Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Geriatric Medicine Research Dalhousie University&Nova Scotia HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Centre de Formation Medicale Du Nouveau-Brunswick New Brunswick&Department of MedicineUniversite de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada

outpatients with an acquired brain injury(ABI)experience physical,mental,and social *** can be classified into two subgroups based on mechanism of injury:mild traumatic brain injury(mTBI;e.g.,concussion)and other ABI(e.g.,stroke,brain aneurysm,encephalitis).our understanding of habitual activity levels within ABI populations is limited because they are often collected using self-report *** purpose of this study was to,1)describe the habitual activity levels of outpatients with ABI using objective and self-report monitoring,and 2)compare the activity levels of outpatients with mTBI *** *** outpatients with other ABI(mean±standard deviation:[58±13]years,9 females)and 12 outpatients with mTBI([48±11]years,9 females)wore a thigh-worn activpAL 24 h/day(h/day)for *** with ABI averaged(6.0±2.3)h/day of upright time,(10.6±2.2)h/day of sedentary time,(5.6±2.7)h/day in prolonged sedentary bouts>1 h,(5960±3037)steps/day,and(11±13)minutes/day(min/day)of moderate-vigorous physical activity(MVpA).There were no differences between activpAL-derived upright,sedentary,prolonged sedentary time,and physical activity between the mTBI and other ABI groups(all,p>0.31).outpatients with ABI overestimated their MVpA levels(t138 min/week)and underestimated sedentary time(-4.3 h/day)compared to self-report(all,ppite self-reporting high activity levels,outpatients with ABI objectively exhibit highly inactive and sedentary *** habitual movement behaviours of our sample did not differ by mechanism of injury(i.e.,mTBI versus other ABI).Targeting reductions in objectively measured sedentary time are needed to progressively improve the habitual movement behaviours of outpatients with ABI.

关键词： Accelerometry Stroke Brain aneurysm Encephalitis Mild traumatic brain injury Rehabilitation

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parallel loop recovery with quiescent compensation for high performance feedback control of systems with imperfect actuators

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Control Theory and Technology 2019年第3期17卷 201-215页

作者： Y.V.o'brien j.F.o'brien Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wyoming Laramie WY 82073 U.S.A.

Actuator limits and imperfections introduce multiple nonlinearities in a feedback *** standard mild-feedback systems (e.g.,pID) are intrinsically robust to such nonlinearities,the stability of large feedback systems is *** eliminates from consideration the usage of imperfect actuators in large feedback applications and available disturbance rejection as a result is not *** implementation of multiple-path nonlinear dynamic compensation (NDC),however,allows the combination of large feedback and imperfect actuation and is the focus of this *** nonlinearities due to actuator imperfection are often difficult to model,the stability of the NDC systems is assessed using multivariable absolute stability *** features of a parallel loop recovery system with loop transmission modulus reduction compensation in the quiescent condition are compared to an alternative approach of strict modulus reduction via nonlinear compensation for stability *** of the loop recovery approach is illustrated using experimental data from a voice-coil actuated disturbance rejection system.

关键词： Feedback control imperfect actuators nonlinear dynamic compensation

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Taxonomic species recognition should be consistent

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 17-18页

作者： Stephen j.o'brien Shu-jin Luo Guy Harvey oceanographic Center Halmos College of Arts and Sciences Nova Southeastern University The State Key Laboratory of protein and plant Gene Research School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University

Criteria for species naming have been contentious since the time of Carl *** no clear’right or wrong’convention for species naming,biologists strive to simply convince their *** NSR compendium offers detailed guidance [1-6] that adds quantitative genomic inference to the *** taxonomic assemblages (***,fish,fungi,insects,terrestrial and marine invertebrates,plants,bacteria) are sufficiently distinctive that any generalization is fraught with natural exceptions.

关键词： pHYLoGEoGRApHY

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Tipping points among social learners： Tools from varied disciplines

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 298-306页

作者： R. Alexander BENTLEY Michael j. o＇brien Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1UU UK Department of Anthropology University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA

There is a long and rich tradition in the social sciences of using models of collective behavior in animals as jump- ing-off points for the study of human behavior, including collective human behavior. Here, we come at the problem in a slightly different fashion. We ask whether models of collective human behavior have anything to offer those who study animal behavior. our brief example of tipping points, a model first developed in the physical sciences and later used in the social sciences, suggests that the analysis of human collective behavior does indeed have considerable to offer

关键词： Networks Social learning Thresholds Time series Tipping points

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Applying molecular genetic tools to tiger conservation

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第4期5卷 351-362页

作者： Shu-jin LUo Warren E.joHNSoN Stephen j.o’brien School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory of Genomic Diversity National Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA

The utility of molecular genetic approaches in conservation of endangered taxa is now commonly *** the past decade,conservation genetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA sequencing and microsatellite genotyping have provided powerful tools to resolve taxonomy uncertainty of tiger subspecies,to define conservation units,to reconstruct phylogeography and demographic history,to examine the genetic ancestry of extinct subspecies,to assess population genetic status non-invasively,and to verify genetic background of captive tigers *** genetic status of tiger subspecies and populations and implications for developing strategies for the survival of this charismatic species both in situ and ex situ are discussed.

关键词： conservation genetics mitochondrial DNA microsatellite subspecies tiger

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Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a central role in the genesis of pancreatitis and associated lung injury

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Hepatobiliary & pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第1期4卷 126-129页

作者： Gavin o'brien Conor j Shields Desmond C Winter john p Dillon Department of Academic Surgery Cork University Hospital and National University of Ireland Cork Ireland William O Kirwan and H. Paul RedmondCork Ireland

BACKGRoUND: The exact mechanism by which cyclooxy- genase-2 (CoX-2) promotes inflammation in pancreatitis in obscure. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of CoX-2 inhibition in an animal model of pancreati- tis , a disease process characterized by a systemic inflamma- tory response and ensuing neutrophil-mediated lung injury. METHoDS: pancreatitis was induced in 24 Sprague-Daw- ley rats by intraperitoneal injection of 20% L-arginine (500 mg/100 g body weight). The animals were randomized into 3 groups (8 rats in each group); controls and rats with pancreatitis intravenously resuscitated with either normal saline (0.9% NaCl 3 ml/kg) at 24 and 48 hours or CoX-2 inhibitor (parecoxib 1 mg/kg). pancreatic and lung inju- ries were assessed histologically. Lung injury was assessed utilizing wet;dry ratio and myeloperoxidase activity to in- dicate pulmonary neutrophil infiltration. A Western blot was used to determine CoX-2 protein expression in pancrea- tic tissue. RESULTS: The animals treated with CoX-2 inhibitors dis- played significantly less pancreatic and lung injuries than their normal saline counterparts. Histological pancreatic and lung injury scores were significantly reduced (p oX-2 treated group. Lung wet: dry ratios were sig- nificantly improved and pulmonary neutrophil infiltration was attenuated in the CoX-2 group (pot analysis confirmed attenuated CoX-2 protein expression. CoNCLUSIoN: This study shows, for the first time in a rat model, that adjuvant CoX-2 inhibition significandy attenu- ates the severity of both pancreatitis and its associated sys- temic inflammatory response and end-organ injury.

关键词： cyclooxygenase-2 pancreatitis genesis lung injury

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A near infrared spectroscopy calibration for the prediction of fresh grass quality on Irish pastures

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Information processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 243-253页

作者： Darren j.Murphy Bernadette o’brien Michael o’Donovan Tomas Condon Michael D.Murphy Teagasc Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreMooreparkFermoyCo.CorkIreland Department of process Energy and Transport EngineeringMunster Technological UniversityCorkIreland

The aim of this study was to develop near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)calibrations to predict quality parameters,dry matter(DM,g kg1)and crude protein(Cp,g kg1 DM),in fresh un-dried *** of these parameters would enable more precise allocation of quality herbage to grazing *** ryegrass samples(n=1615)were collected over the 2017 and 2018 grazing seasons at Teagasc Moorepark to develop a NIRS calibration *** samples were collected for an independent validation dataset(n=197)during the 2019 grazing *** were scanned using a FoSS 6500 spectrometer at 2 nm intervals in the range of 1100~2500 nm and absorption was recorded as log 1/Reflec*** wet chemistry analysis was carried out for both parameters and the resultant data were calibrated against spectral data by means of modified partial least squares regression.A range of mathematical spectral treatments were examined for each calibration,which were ranked in order of standard error of prediction(SEp)and ratio of percent deviation(RpD).Best performing calibrations achieved high predictive precision for DM(R2=0.86 SEp=9.46 g kg1,RpD=2.60)and moderate precision for Cp(R2=0.84 SEp=20.38 g kg1 DM,RpD=2.37).These calibrations will aid the optimisation of grassland management and the development of precision agricultural technologies.

关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy Fresh grass analysis Grassland management Grass quality precision agriculture

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Digital blinding of radiographs to mask allocation in a randomized control trial

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World journal of orthopedics 2017年第10期8卷 785-789页

作者： Gerard p Slobogean Lukasz Soswa Giuliana Rotunno peter j o'brien Kelly A Lefaivre Department of orthopaedics University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of orthopaedics University of British Columbia University of Maryland School of Medicine

AIM To demonstrate the effectiveness of a digital radiographic altering technique in concealing treatment allocation to blind outcome assessment of distal femur fracture *** Digital postoperative anteroposterior and lateral radiographs from a sample of 33 randomly-selected patients with extra-articular distal femur fractures treated by surgical fixation at a Level 1 trauma center were included. Using commercially available digital altering software, we devised a technique to blind the radiographs by overlaying black boxes over the implant hardware while preserving an exposed fracture site for assessment of fracture healing. Three fellowship-trained surgeons evaluated a set of blinded radiographs twice and a control set of unblinded radiographs once. Each set of radiographs were reviewed independently and in a randomly-assigned order. The degrees of agreement and disagreement among evaluators in identifying implant type while reviewing both blinded and unblinded radiographs were assessed using the Bang Blinding Index and james Blinding Index. The degree of agreement in fracture union was assessed using kappa *** The assessment of blinded radiographs with both the Bang Blinding Index(BBI) and james Blinding Index(jBI) demonstrated a low degree of evaluator success at identifying implant type(Mean BBI, far cortical locking:-0.03, SD: 0.04; Mean BBI, standard screw: 0, SD: 0; jBI: 0.98, SD: 0), suggesting near perfect blinding. The assessment of unblinded radiographs with both blinding indices demonstrated a high degree of evaluator success at identifying implant type(Mean BBI, far cortical locking: 0.89, SD: 0.19; Mean BBI, standard screw: 0.87, SD: 0.04; jBI: 0.26, SD: 0.12), as expected. There was moderate agreement with regard to assessment of fracture union among the evaluators in both the blinded(Kappa: 0.38, 95%CI: 0.25-0.52) and unblinded(Kappa: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.25-0.45) arms of the study. There was no statistically significant differen

关键词： Methods Randomized controlled trials patient outcome assessment Fracture healing Femoral fractures

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Macular carotenoid supplementation improves disability glare performance and dynamics of photostress recovery

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 231-238页

作者： james M.Stringham Kevin j.o’brien Nicole T.Stringham Nutritional Neuroscience Laboratory Department of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Vision Sciences Laboratory Department of PsychologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Interdisciplinary Neuroscience program Biomedical Health Sciences InstituteUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA

Background:The so-called macular carotenoids(MC)lutein(L),zeaxanthin(Z),and meso-zeaxanthin(MZ)comprise the diet-derived macular pigment(Mp).The purpose of this study was to determine effects of MC supplementation on the optical density of Mp(MpoD),repeated-exposure photostress recovery(pSR),and disability glare(DG)***:This was a double-blind,placebo-controlled ***-nine young(mean age=21.7),healthy volunteers participated in this *** supplemented their daily diet with either 10 mg L+2 mg total Z(1 mg Z+1 mg MZ;n=24),20 mg L+4 mg total Z(2 mg Z+2 mg MZ;n=25),or placebo(n=10)for 12 *** primary outcome was a composite measure of visual performance in glare,defined by change in DG and *** outcomes included MpoD and visual *** primary endpoint for outcomes was 12 *** was assessed with customized heterochromatic flicker *** times for an 8 cycle/degree,15%contrast Gabor patch target were determined after each of five successive exposures to intense LED *** threshold was defined as the intensity of a ring of lights through which subjects were able to maintain visibility of the aforementioned *** of all parameters were conducted at baseline,6 months,and 12 ***-measures ANoVA,and pearson product-moment correlations were used to determine statistically significant correlations,and changes within and between ***:MpoD for subjects in both supplementation groups increased significantly versus placebo at both 6-and 12-month visits(por all).Additionally,pSR times and DG thresholds improved significantly from baseline compared to placebo at 6-and 12-month visits(por all).At baseline,MpoD was significantly related to both DG thresholds(r=0.444;p=0.0021)and pSR times(r=-0.56;pon of MpoD,the repeated-exposure pSR curves became more asymptotic,as opposed to *** change in subjects’DG thresholds were significantly related to chang

关键词： Lutein Zeaxanthin Mesozeaxanthin Visual performance photostress recovery Disability glare Macular pigment Visual cycle

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