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Sustainable Biofuel production from Brown and Green Macroalgae through the pyrolysis

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第6期12卷 1087-1102页

作者： Apip Amrullah Widya Fatriasari Novia Amalia Sholeha edy Hartulistiyoso Obie Farobie Departement of Mechanical Engineering Lambung Mangkurat UniversityBanjarmasinSouth KalimantanIndonesia Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)CibinongBogorIndonesia College of Vocational Studies IPB UniversityBogorWest JavaIndonesia Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering IPB UniversityBogorWest JavaIndonesia

The escalating demand for energy coupled with environmental concerns necessitates exploring sustainable alternatives to fossil *** study explores the viability of using large ocean-based seaweeds as a source of thirdgeneration biomass,specifically focusing on their conversion to biofuel via the process of *** plagiophyllum and Ulva lactuca represent prevalent forms of macroalgae,posing significant discharge challenges for coastal regions ***,the exploration of their potential for bio-oil generation via pyrolysis remains *** study investigates the pyrolysis process of *** and *** for biofuel production,aiming to provide valuable insights into their utilization and *** experiments were conducted within temperature ranges of 400°C to 600°C and durations of 10 to 50 min using a batch *** chemical analysis of the synthesized bio-oil indicated it contains critical compounds such as organic acid derivatives,furans,nitrogenous aromatics,and aliphatic *** effectiveness of converting the initial biomass into bio-oil is significantly influenced by the pace at which the biomass undergoes decomposition,underscoring the importance of comprehending the kinetic aspects of this *** applying the Arrhenius formula,we calculated the activation energies and frequency factors,with the findings for *** being 15.27 kJ/mol and 0.477 s^(-1),and for ***,the values were 43.17 kJ/mol and 0.351 s^(-1),*** findings underscore the potential of brown and green macroalgae as sustainable sources for biofuel production via pyrolysis,offering insights for further optimization and valorization efforts in the quest for renewable energy solutions.

关键词： Biomass bio-oil macroalgae pyrolysis reaction kinetics

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Co-production of hydrochar and bioactive compounds from Ulva lactuca via a hydrothermal process

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： edy Hartulistiyoso Obie Farobie Latifa A Anis Novi Syaftika Asep Bayu Apip Amrullah Navid R.Moheimani Surachai Karnjanakom Yukihiko Matsumura Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering IPB UniversityBogorWest Java 16002Indonesia Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center(SBRC) IPB UniversityBogorWest Java 16144Indonesia Research Centre for Industrial process and Manufacturing Technology National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)TangerangSelatanIndonesia Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BogorWest Java 16911Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Lambung Mangkurat UniversityBanjarmasinSouth KalimantanIndonesia Algae R&D Centre Harry Butler InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Department of Chemistry Rangsit UniversityPathumthani 12000Thailand Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8527Japan

This study investigates the simultaneous production of hydrochar and bioactive compounds from Ulva lactuca via a hydrothermal *** experiment was carried out using a batch reaction vessel at different reaction temperatures of 180-220◦C and various holding times of 30-90 *** expected,both temperature and time vigorously influenced hydrochar and bioactive compound *** maximum hydrochar yield was at 32.4 wt%.The higher heating value(HHV)of hydrochar was observed in the range of 17.68-21.07 MJ kg^(-1),near the energy content of low-rank *** hydrochars exhibited contact angles higher than 90°(i.e.,94-108°)for a longer time,confirming their hydrophobic *** scanning electron microscope analysis(SEM)showed that the hydrothermal process enables cracks in the spherical shape of raw *** into small and porous *** producing hydrochar,the hydrothermal process of *** also gives promising antioxidants and phenolics as bioactive *** highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity could be achieved in hydrolysate at 200℃and 30 min with the value of 1.20±0.12 mg/g and 71.6±1.3%,respectively.

关键词： Algae Bioactive compound Hydrochar Hydrothermal Seaweed

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Assessment of the Indirect Cost of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment to patients in a High Burden, Low Income Setting in Mozambique

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 91-104页

作者： Júlia Malache António Domingas pacala Isabelle Munyangaju Isaías Benzana Claudia Mutaquiha Dulce Osório Benedita José edy Nacarapa pereira Zindoga Faculdade de Cincias de Sade Universidade Catlica de Moambique Beira Moambique programa Nacional de Controlo da Tuberculose Ministrio da Sade de Moambique Maputo Moambique ISGlobal Hospital Clnic Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Tinpswalo Association Vincentian Association to Fight AIDS and TB Chokwe Mozambique Centro de Estudos e Apoio psicolgico (CEAp) Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo Moambique

Introduction: Tuberculosis is closely linked to poverty, with patients facing significant indirect treatment costs. Treating drug-resistant tuberculosis further increases these expenses. Notably, there is a lack of published data on the indirect costs incurred by patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Mozambique. Objective: To assess the indirect costs, income reduction, and work productivity incurred by patients undergoing diagnosis and treatment for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB) in Mozambique during their TB treatment. Methods: As part of a comprehensive mixed-methods study conducted from January 2021 to April 2023, this research utilized a descriptive cross-sectional approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. The primary goal was to evaluate the costs incurred by the national health system due to drug-resistant TB. Additionally, to explore the indirect costs experienced by patients and their families during treatment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 individuals who had been undergoing treatment for over six months. Results: All survey participants unanimously reported a significant decline in labour productivity, with 70.3% experiencing a reduction in their monthly income. Before falling ill, the majority of respondents (33.3%) earned up to $76.92 monthly, representing the minimum earnings range, while 29.2% had a monthly income above $230.77, the maximum earnings range. Among those who experienced income loss, the majority (22.2%) reported a decrease of up to $76.92 per month, and 18.5% cited a loss exceeding $230.77 per month. Notably, patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB) have not incurred the direct costs of the disease, as these are covered by the government. Conclusion: The financial burden of treating Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DRTB), along with the income reduction it causes, is substantial. Implementing a patient-centred, multidisciplinary, and multisector approach, coupled with strong psy

关键词： Economic Costs Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Catastrophic Costs

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An Analysis of the Accounting Costs Associated with 20-Month DR TB Regimens in Maputo City, Mozambique

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 73-90页

作者： Júlia Malache António Isaías Benzana Isabelle Munyangaju Benedita José Dulce Osório edy Nacarapa Claudia Mutaquiha Simeão Nhabinde pereira Zindoga Universidade Catlica de Moambique Beira Moambique Centro de Estudos e Apoio psicolgico (CEAp) Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo Moambique ISGlobal Hospital Clnic Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Tinpswalo Association Vincentian Association to Fight AIDS and TB Chokwe Mozambique programa Nacional de Controlo da Tuberculose Ministrio da Sade de Moambique Maputo Mozambique Faculdade de Economia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Maputo Moambique

Introduction: Socioeconomic and demographic conditions in a country can influence tuberculosis incidence and mortality, with nearly 95% of tuberculosis-related deaths occurring in poorer countries. Mozambique is among the 30 countries with the highest TB burden. Objective: The study aimed to estimate the average direct medical cost of treating drug-resistant tuberculosis in 19 health centers in Maputo City, Mozambique. Methods: A retrospective analysis of direct medical costs was conducted on patients aged 18 and older who completed 20-month drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens in Maputo City in 2019. Results: This analysis covered 140 patients who completed a 20-month treatment regimen, with 64.3% (78) being male and 35.7% (62) female. Approximately 50% of the participants were aged between 29 and 47. The average direct medical cost of DRTB treatment was $4789.43, reaching up to $6568.00, with a standard deviation of $753.26, including clinical interventions and treatment. Conclusion: The direct medical costs for a basic treatment package for a patient with drug-resistant TB in Mozambique equal 36 minimum wages. Developing alternative and innovative funding mechanisms and identifying ways to mitigate costs through the use of generic medicines would be beneficial.

关键词： Antitubercular Agents Multidrug-Resistant Healthcare Costs Tuberculosis Mozambique

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Geophysical evidence of a large occurrence of mud volcanoes associated with gas plumbing system in the Ross Sea(Antarctica)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 304-324页

作者： Martina Busetti Riccardo Geletti Dario Civile Chiara Sauli Giuseppe Brancatelli edy Forlin Daniela Accettella Lorenza Barro Savonuzzi Laura De Santis Aldo Vesnaver Andrea Cova National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics–OGS Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/c34010 SgonicoTriesteItaly

Seafloor and buried reliefs occur along continental margin of the Ross Sea(Antarctica).These features are several kilometres wide and tens of metres high,exhibiting cone or flat-top dome *** studies have proposed a volcanic or glacial origin for these formations,but these hypotheses do not account for all the available *** this study,we use morpho-bathymetric data,intermediate resolution multichannel seismic and high resolution chirp profiles,as well as magnetic lines to investigate these clusters of *** employing targeted processing techniques to enhance the geophysical characterization of the seafloor and buried reliefs,and to understand the underlying geological features,we propose that the reliefs are mud *** of these formations appear to be associated with a plumbing system,as indicated by acoustic anomalies linked to sediment containing *** formations are likely fed by clayey source rocks of Miocene ***,other reliefs might be the result of mud mobilisation caused by gravity instability and fluid overpressure.

关键词： Ross Sea Antarctica Mud volcanoes Gas plumbing system Gas hydrate Bottom Simulating Reflector

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Comparative Study of Reverse Algorithms via Artificial Neural Networks Based on Simulated Indentation Tests

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 393-399页

作者： Somsak Swaddiwudhipong edy Harsono Department of Civil Engineering National University of Singapore

The advances in the instrumented indentation equipments and the need to assess the properties of materials of small volume such as those constitute the micro-electro-mechanical devices, micro-electronic packages, and thin films have propelled the interest in material characterization via indentation tests. The load-displacement curves and their characteristics, namely, the curvature of the loading path, C, and the ratio of the remaining and total work done, WR / WT, can be conveniently obtained from finite element simulations for various elasto-plastic material properties. The paper reports the comparative study on two reverse neural networks algorithms involving several combinations of databases established from the results obtained from simulated indentation tests. The performance of each set of results is analyzed and the most appropriate algorithm identified and reported. The approach with the selected neural networks model has great potential in practical applications on the characterization of a small volume of materials.

关键词： artificial neural networks finite element simulation friction least square support vector machines material characterization indentation tests

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Surface Modification of polymer by Atmospheric Non-thermal plasmas and plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition

Surface Modification of Polymer by Atmospheric Non-thermal P...

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作者： edy Riyanto 东华大学

学位级别：硕士

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWpE） fibers were modified by an aluminum oxide thin film deposited with plasma assisted atomic layer deposition （pA-ALD）, in which the precursors of Al（CH3）3[Trimethylaluminum （TMA）] and water vapor were employed. It demonstrates that the aluminum oxide layer was successfully deposited on the fiber surface by scanning electron microscopy measurements. The significant enhancement of interfacial shear strength （up to435%） was achieved between the fiber surface and the resin epoxy with the coating the aluminum oxide layer, which was attributed to both the absorbance of free-OH functional group on the UHMWpE fiber surface. polyethyleneterephthalate （pET） film with and without plasma pre-treatment were modified by atomic layer deposition （ALD） and plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition （pA-ALD） with pET substrates were positioned on the inside and the outside of Ar plasma regime. It demonstrates that the Al2O3films were successfully deposited onto the surface of pET films. The cracks with various characteristics have been found in the ALD with and without plasma pre-treatment and pA-ALD with substrate at the inside of plasma regime Evaluation on the wettability by contact angle measurement shows Al2O3layers can be used to enhance the wetting property of the surfaces. Further characterizations of FTIR and X-ray diffraction show the improvement of hydroxyl OH group with Al2O3coating was consistently amorphous phase. Chemical composition of the Al2O3coated pET film has been characterized by X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy that has shown the content of C1s was decrease with increasing of O1s in all various coated pET Al3O3films. polyethylene terephthalate films that modified by dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） plasma treatment have shown the helium and helium-oxygen can be functionalized on the roughness improvement of the polyethylene terephthalate surfaces. The wetting property increases significantly by plasma treatmen

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An optimal control model of mosquito reduction management in a dengue endemic region

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2014年第5期7卷 145-166页

作者： Karunia putra Wijaya Thomas Gotz edy Soewono Mathematical Institute University of Koblenz 56070 Koblenz Germany Department of MathematicsBandung Institute of Technology Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Aedes aegypti is known as the responsible vector in transmitting dengue flavivirus. Unavailability of medication to cure the transmission in human blood becomes a global health issue in recent decades. World epidemiologists are encouraged to focus on investigation toward an effective and inexpensive way to prevent dengue transmission, i.e. mosquito control. In this paper, we present a model depicting the dynamics of mosquito population based on indoor-outdoor life cycle classification. The basic mosquito offspring number is obtained and analysis of equilibria is shown. We bring along a discussion on application of optimal control model which engineers two simultaneous schemes. The first scheme is done by disseminating chemical like Temephos in spots where eggs and larvae develop, meanwhile the second scheme is done by conducting fumigation through areas where adult mosquitoes prevalently nest, indoor as well as outdoor. A version of gradient-based method is presented to set down a workflow in minimizing the objective functional with respect to control variable. Numerical results from analysis of the basic mosquito offspring number with constant control and from optimal control suggest that one has to enhance the usage of fumigation rather than Temephos. It is also suggested that applying both control schemes simultaneously gives the most significant reduction to the population.

关键词： Mosquito population dynamics mosquito reduction management the basicmosquito offspring number optimal control.

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The resilience of pollination interactions: importance of temporal phases

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Journal of plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 157-162页

作者： edy Fantinato Silvia Del Vecchio Carlo Gaetan Gabriella Buffa Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and StatisticsCa’Foscari University of VeniceVia Torino 15530172 VeniceItaly

Aims The loss of species that engage in close ecological interactions,such as pollination,has been shown to lead to secondary extinctions,ultimately threatening the overall ecosystem stability and *** studies are currently flourishing at all possible levels of interaction organization(i.e.,species,guild,group and network),and different methodological protocols aimed to define the resil-ience of pollination interactions have been ***,the temporal dimension of the resilience of pollination interactions has been often *** the light of these considerations,we addressed the following questions:does a temporal approach help to reveal critical moments during the flowering season,when polli-nation interactions are less resilient to perturbations?Do pollination interactions evaluated at species,guild,group and network level show different patterns when assessed through time?Methods We monitored contacts between plant and pollinator species in dry grassland communities every 15 days during the overall community flowering season(12 surveys).For each survey,we built a quantita-tive plant-pollinator interaction matrix and we calculated two sets of metrics characterizing,respectively,the diversity and the distribution of interactions across hierarchical *** describe the diversity of interactions,we calculated partner diversity(pD)at the species level,vulnerability/generality(V/G)at the guild level,and interaction diver-sity and evenness at the network *** distribution of interactions was characterized by calculating selectiveness at the species and the network level,and modularity at the group *** assessed the temporal variation of pD,V/G at the level of plants and pollinators,and species selectiveness,by means of Linear Mixed Models(LMMs).To investigate the temporal variation of indexes calculated at group and network level,we applied simple linear and quadratic regres-sions after checking for temporal autocorrelation

关键词： asymmetry complementarity ecosystems’resilience redundancy species-rich ecosystems

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Hesperidin as a preventive resistance agent in MCF-7 breast cancer cells line resistance to doxorubicin

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第3期4卷 228-233页

作者： Rifki Febriansah Dyaningtyas Dewi p.p. Sarmoko Nunuk Aries Nurulita edy Meiyanto Agung Endro Nugroho Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center Faculty of PharmacyUniversitas Gadjah Mada YogyakartaIndonesia pharmacy study programme Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitas Muhammadiyah YogyakartaYogyakartaIndonesia Faculty of pharmacy Universitas Jenderal SoedirmanPurwokertoIndonesia Faculty of pharmacy Universitas Muhammadiyah PurwokertoPurwokertoIndonesia

Objective:To evaluate of hesperidin to overcome resistance of doxorubicin in MCF-7 resistant doxorubicin cells(MCF-7/Dox)in cytotoxicity apoptosis and p-glycoprotein(pgp)expression in combination with ***:The cytotoxic properties.50%inhibition concentration(IC_(50))and its combination with doxorubicin in MCF-7 cell lines resistant to doxorubicin(MCF-7/Dox)cells were determined using MTT *** induction was examined by double staining assay using ethidium bromide-acridine *** assay was performed to determine the level and localization of ***:Single treatment of hesperidin showed cytotoxic activity on MCF-7/Dox cells with IC_(50)value of 11μmol/***,combination treatment from hesperidin and doxorubicin showed addictive and antagonist effect(CI>1.0).Hesperidin did not increase the apoptotic induction,but decreased the pgp expressions level when combined with doxorubicin in low ***:Hesperidin has cytotoxic effect on MCF-7/Dox cells with IC_(50)of 11μmol/*** did not increased the apoptotic induction combined with *** application of doxorubicin and hesperidin on MCF-7/Dox cells showed synergism effect through inhibition of pgp expression.

关键词： Hesperidin Doxorubicin MCF-7/Dox cells line Apoptosis pgp expression

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