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Resistance and resilience of soil biological indicators:A case study with multi-walled carbon nanotube

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pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 664-675页

作者： Shagufta yaSMEEN Nintu MANDAL Anupam das pritam GANGULY sanjay KUMAR rajiv raKSHIT Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Bihar Agricultural UniversitySabourBhagalpur 813210(India) Department of Agronomy Bihar Agricultural UniversitySabourBhagalpur 813210(India)

Soil ecosystem is experiencing stresses due to climate change,and soil inhabitants try to demonstrate their inherent resistance and resilience against those *** of nanomaterials as agricultural inputs could bring shifts in resistance and resilience patterns of soil microbes and associated enzymes,especially under short-term heat *** this background,the impacts of multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)on the resistance and resilience of soil biological indicators were *** incubation experiment was conducted with varied MWCNT concentrations(0,50,100,250,and 500 mg kg-1soil)for 90 d after 24-h heat stress at 48±2?C to assess the impacts of MWCNT on soil enzyme activities and microbial populations vis-à-vis their resistance and resilience indices under short-term exposure to heat *** activities were reduced after exposure to heat *** indices of enzyme activities were enhanced by MWCNT application on day 1 after heat stress,whereas there was no recovery of enzyme activities after 90-d *** soil enzyme activities,resistance index values of soil microbial populations followed the similar trend and were improved by MWCNT ***-walled carbon nanotube has the potential to improve resistance indices of soil enzyme activities and microbial populations under heat stress,although they could not recover to their original state during periodical incubation after heat *** study helps to understand the relative changes of biological indicators under MWCNT and their ability to withstand heat stress.

关键词： enzyme activity heat stress microbial population nanomaterial recovery

Investigation of granite failure precursor under axial load using modified LSTM framework

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第8期31卷 2930-2943页

作者： Wang, ya-lei Xu, Jin-ming Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai China

Granite is usually composed of quartz, biotite, feldspar, and cracks, and the variation characteristics of these components could reflect the deformation and failure process of rock well. Taking granite as an example, the video camera was used to record the deformation and failure process of rock. The distribution of meso-components in video images was then identified. The meso-components of rock failure precursors were also discussed. Moreover, a modified LSTM (long short-term memory method) based on Ssa (sparrow search algorithm) was proposed to estimate the change of meso-components of rock failure precursor. It shows that the initiation and expansion of cracks are mainly caused by feldspar and quartz fracture, and when the quartz and feldspar exit the stress framework, rock failure occurs; the second large increase of crack area and the second large decrease of quartz or feldspar area may be used as a precursor of rock failure; the precursor time of rock failure based on meso-scopic components is about 4 s earlier than that observed by the naked eye; the modified LSTM network has the strongest estimation ability for quartz area change, followed by feldspar and biotite, and has the worst estimation ability for cracks; when using the modified LSTM network to predict the precursors of rock instability and failure, quartz and feldspar could be given priority. The results presented herein may provide reference in the investigation of rock failure mechanism.

关键词： axial load failure precursor granite modified long short-term memory method

Hybrid ion/electron interfacial regulation stabilizes the cobalt/oxygen redox of ultrahigh-voltage lithium cobalt oxide for fast-charging cyclability

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2071-2079页

作者： Zhihong Bi Anping Zhang Gongrui Wang Cong Dong pratteek das Xiaoyu Shi Zhong-Shuai Wu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory of Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

High-voltage and fast-charging LiCoO_(2)(LCO)is key to high-energy/power-density Li-ion ***,unstable surface structure and unfavorable electronic/ionic conductivity severely hinder its high-voltage fast-charging ***,we construct a Li/Na-B-Mg-Si-O-F-rich mixed ion/electron interface network on the 4.65 V LCO electrode to enhance its rate capability and long-term cycling ***,the resulting artificial hybrid conductive network enhances the reversible conversion of Co^(3+)/^(4+)/O_(2)/nredox by the interfacial ion–electron cooperation and suppresses interface side reactions,inducing an ultrathin yet compact cathode electrolyte ***,the derived near-surface Na+/Mg2+/Si^(4+)-pillared local intercalation structure greatly promotes the Li^(+)diffusion around the 4.55 V phase transition and stabilizes the cathode ***,excellent 3 C(1 C=274 mA g1)fast charging performance is demonstrated with 73.8%capacity retention over 1000 *** findings shed new insights to the fundamental mechanism of interfacial ion/electron synergy in stabilizing and enhancing fast-charging cathode materials.

关键词： High-voltage Fast-charging LiCoO_(2) Interfacial ion-electron cooperation Local intercalation

pH Induced Self-assembly of AIE Fluorescent probe for Tumor Imaging

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 7-13,I0005页

作者： Jing-Yuan Xiang Wen-Long Zhang He-Ting Li ya-Ning He Department of Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE)Tsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China

This work reported an AIE fluorescent probe for tumor imaging based on the p H induced self-assembly strategy. The fluorescent probe was composed of an acid-responsive soluble copolymer pEG-b-pAMA-DMMA with a maleic acid amide group and an anionic soluble aggregation-induced emission fluorogen(AIEgen) TpE-2SO_(3)^(-). The polymer could be transformed into a protonated amine-containing polymer after the hydrolysis of maleic acid amide in acidic tumor microenvironment, which would be further self-assembled with TpE-2SO_(3)^(-)to form aggregated nanoparticles. The transition of TpE-2SO_(3)^(-)from dispersed state to aggregated state led to an obvious increase in fluorescence intensity due to its AIE characteristics.

关键词： p H-responsive Self-assembly Fluorescent probe AIE Tumor imaging

Highly Improved Creep Resistance in polypropylene Through Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Creep Lifetime prediction

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 256-266,I0010页

作者： Can-Can Zhang Jun-Long yang ya-Jiang Huang Guang-Xian Li College of polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of ChinaSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

polypropylene(pp) exhibits suboptimal creep resistance due to the presence of methyl groups on its main chain, leading to irregular chain segment distribution, diminished inter-chain interaction, and crystallinity. This structural feature causes chain slippage in pp under stress,significantly constraining its service lifetime. In this study, thermally reduced graphene oxide(TrGO) nanosheets were incorporated into the pp matrix, yielding a nanocomposite with exceptional creep resistance performance. Results demonstrated that at a stress of 25 Mpa, a 2.0 wt% TrGO content could enhance the creep failure lifetime of pp by 21.5 times compared to neat pp. Rheology, transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) characterization techniques were employed to analyze the mechanism of TrGO's influence on pp's creep behavior. It was observed that when TrGO content exceeded 1.0 wt%, an effective particle network structure formed within the pp matrix. This homogeneously dispersed TrGO-formed particle network structure restricted the migration and rearrangement of pp molecular chains, enabling prolonged stress resistance without structural failure. By combining the time-strain superposition method with the critical failure strain as a criterion, generalized creep compliance curves for pp and its composites were established, facilitating the prediction of material creep failure lifetimes, with a strong agreement between experimental and predicted lifetime values. This research proposes a novel strategy aimed at developing polypropylene materials and products with enhanced long-term stability and durability, thus extending service life, reducing failure risk, and broadening their potential across various application domains.

关键词： Thermally reduced graphene oxide polypropylene Creep failure and lifetime prediction

Chain Dynamics Heterogeneity in plasticized poly(vinyl butyral)(pVB) as Elucidated by Solid-State NMR

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Chinese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 113-124,I0010页

作者： Jing Lv Xu Chen Zi-Shuo Wu ya-Hui Li Wei Chen National Synchrotron radiation Laboratory Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer FilmCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryUniversity of Scienceand Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The chain dynamics heterogeneity of the poly(vinyl butyral)(pVB) plasticized by triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexa noate)(TEG-EH) was investigated by various solid-state NMR *** plasticized pVB shows two domains in distinct molecular dynamics differences,namely,rigid and soft domains,where the latter is the plasticizer-rich *** time domain low field NMR was first used to investigate the dynamics heterogeneity of the plasticized pVB,and the results show the decreasing activated energy of components in the soft domain of plasticized pVB(E_a=20.2 kJ/mol) as compared with that of the pristine one(E_a=24.3 kJ/mol).Detailed dynamics heterogeneity was obtained by high-field NMR with site-specific *** quadrupole-echo ~2H-NMR was adopted to elucidate the dynamics heterogeneity of the vinyl alcohol(VA) units,where only the hydroxyl group of VA is *** ~1H-^(13)C WISE NMR spectra show that there is not much difference in the mobility of the VB unit in pVB with and without plasticizer,whereas the glass transition temperature differed by approximately 53℃.This is further supported by Torchia's T_1 relaxation *** origin of such an unusual phenomenon is attributed to the critical role of the remaining VA(~22%) in the soft domain,where the VA units locally aggregate through hydrogen ***,the existence of a mobility gradient in the VB unit has been ***,the mobility difference for VB with different stereo-geometry(meso or racemic conformation) is observed for the first *** indicates the importance of modulating the ratio of meso over racemic VB for controlling the macroscopic perfo rmance of pVB.

关键词： poly(vinyl butyral) Dynamics heterogeneity plasticizer Solid state NMR

perianal disease in inflammatory bowel disease:Broadening treatment and surveillance strategies for anal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3373-3385页

作者： Tatiana pacheco sara Monteiro Luísa Barros Jorge Silva Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar do Tamega e SousaPenafiel 4560-136Portugal

The perianal disease affects up to one-third of individuals with Crohn's disease(CD),causing disabling symptoms and significant impairment in quality of life,particularly for those with perianal fistulising CD(pFCD).The collaborative effort between gastroenterologists and surgeons is essential for addressing pFCD to achieve fistula closure and promote luminal *** fistula healing rates with conventional therapies have prompted the emergence of new biological agents,endoscopic procedures and surgical techniques that show promising *** these,mesenchymal stem cells injection is a particularly hopeful *** addition to the burden of fistulas,individuals with perianal CD may face an increased risk of developing anal *** underscores the importance of surveillance programmes and timely interventions to prevent late diagnoses and poor ***,there is no established formal anal screening *** this review,we provide an overview of the current state of the art in managing pFCD,including novel medical,endoscopic and surgical *** discussion also focuses on the relevance of establishing an anal cancer screening programme in CD,intending to propose a risk-based surveillance *** validation of this surveillance programme would be a significant step forward in improving patient care and outcomes.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease perianal Fistula Anus diseases Management Anal cancer Screening

Modulating charge separation and transfer for high-performance photoelectrodes via built-in electric field

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1126-1146页

作者： Houyan Cheng peng Liu Yuntao Cui Ru ya Yuxiang Hu Jinshu Wang Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Engineering and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology and Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology Hohhot 010020China

Constructing a built-in electric field has emerged as a key strategy for enhancing charge separation and transfer,thereby improving photoelectrochemical ***,considerable efforts have been devoted to this *** review systematically summarizes the impact of built-in electric fields on enhancing charge separation and transfer mechanisms,focusing on the modulation of built-in electric fields in terms of depth and ***,mechanisms and tuning strategies for built-in electric fields are ***,the state-of-the-art works regarding built-in electric fields for modulating charge separation and transfer are summarized and categorized according to surface and interface ***,current strategies for constructing bulk built-in electric fields in photoelectrodes are explored,and insights into future developments for enhancing charge separation and transfer in high-performance photoelectrochemical applications are provided.

关键词： photoelectrochemical water splitting bulk built-in electric field cation intercalation charge separation and transfer

pollution source identification methods and remediation technologies of groundwater: A review

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 125-137页

作者： ya-ci Liu Yu-hong Fei ya-song Li Xi-lin Bao peng-wei Zhang Fujian provincial Key Laboratory of Water Cycling and Eco-Geological processes Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesXiamen 361000China Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Resources Conservation and Restoration in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yellow River Basin MNRZhengzhou 450016China

Groundwater is an important source of drinking *** pollution severely endangers drinking water safety and sustainable social *** the case of groundwater pollution,the top priority is to identify pollution sources,and accurate information on pollution sources is the premise of efficient ***,an appropriate pollution remediation scheme should be developed according to information on pollution sources,site conditions,and economic *** methods for identifying pollution sources mainly include geophysical exploration,geochemistry,isotopic tracing,and numerical *** these identification methods,only the numerical modeling can recognize various information on pollution sources,while other methods can only identify a certain aspect of pollution *** remediation technologies of groundwater can be divided into in-situ and ex-situ remediation technologies according to the remediation *** in-situ remediation technologies enjoy low costs and a wide remediation range,but their remediation performance is prone to be affected by environmental conditions and cause secondary *** ex-situ remediation technologies boast high remediation efficiency,high processing capacity,and high treatment concentration but suffer high *** methods for pollution source identification and remediation technologies are applicable to different *** achieve the expected identification and remediation results,it is feasible to combine several methods and technologies according to the actual hydrogeological conditions of contaminated sites and the nature of ***,detailed knowledge about the hydrogeological conditions and stratigraphic structure of the contaminated site is the basis of all work regardless of the adopted identification methods or remediation technologies.

关键词： Groundwater pollution Identification of pollution sources Geophysical exploration identification Geochemistry identification Isotopic tracing Numerical modeling Remediation technology Hydrogeological conditions Hydrogeological survey engineering