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Effect of genotyp. on duodenal exp.ession of nutrient transp.rter genes in dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 145-153页

作者： Sinéad M Waters Kate keogh Frank Buckley David A Kenny Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Dep.rtment Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo.MeathIreland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Dep.rtment Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre MooreparkFermoyCo CorkIreland

Background： Studies have shown clear differences between dairy breeds in their feed intake and p.oduction efficiencies. The duodenum is critical in the coordination of digestion and absorp.ion of nutrients. This study examined gene transcrip. abundance of imp.rtant classes of nutrient transp.rters in the duodenum of non lactating dairy cows of different feed efficiency p.tential, namely Holstein-Friesian （HF）, Jersey （JE） and their F1 hybrid. Duodenal ep.thelial tissue was collected at slaughter and stored at -80℃. Total RNA was extracted from tissue and reverse transcribed to generate cDNA. Gene exp.ession of the following transp.rters, namely nucleoside amino acid; sugar; mineral; and lip.d transp.rters was measured using quantitative real-time RT-p.R. Data were statistically analysed using mixed models ANOVA in SAS. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test for p.tential heterotic effects and sp.arman correlation coefficients calculated to determine p.tential associations amongst gen, exp.ession values and p.oduction efficiency variables. Results： While there were no direct effects of genotyp. on exp.ession values for any of the genes examined, there was evidence for a heterotic effect （p.〈 0.05） on ABCGS, in the form of increased exp.ession in the F1 genotyp. comp.red to either of the two p.rent breeds. Additionally, a tendency for increased exp.ession of the amino acid transp.rters, SLC3A1 （p. 0.072）, SLC3A2 （p. 0.081） and SLC6A 14 （p. 0.072） was also evident in the F1 genotyp.. A negative （p.〈 0.05） association was identified between the exp.ession of the glucose transp.rter gene SLCSA1 and total lactational milk solids yield, corrected for body weight. p.sitive correlations （p.〈 0.05） were also observed between the exp.ession values of genes involved in common transp.rter roles. Conclusion： This study suggests that differences in the exp.ession of sterol and amino acid transp.rters in the duodenum could contribute towards the documented differences in feed effic

关键词： Bovine Duodenum Gene exp.ession Nutrient transp.rters

Examination of the molecular control of ruminal ep.thelial function in resp.nse to dietary restriction and subsequent comp.nsatory growth in cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 107-118页

作者： Emma O＇Shea Sinead M. Waters Kate keogh Alan K. Kelly David A. Kenny School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4Ireland Animal and Bioscience Research Dep.rtment Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Teagasc Grange Dunsany Co Meath Ireland UCD Earth Institute University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland

Background： The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary restriction and subsequent comp.nsatory growth on the relative exp.ession of genes involved in volatile fatty acid transp.rt, metabolism and cell p.oliferation in ruminal ep.thelial tissue of beef cattle. Sixty Holstein Friesian bulls（mean liveweight 370 ± 35 kg;mean age 479 ± 15 d） were assigned to one of two group.：（i） restricted feed allowance（RES; n = 30） for 125 d（p.riod 1） followed by ad libitum access to feed for 55 d（p.riod 2） or（ii） ad libitum access to feed throughout（ADLIB; n = 30）. Target growth rate for RES was 0.6 kg/d during p.riod 1. At the end of each dietary p.riod, 15 animals from each treatment group.were slaughtered and ruminal ep.thelial tissue and liquid digesta harvested from the ventral sac of the rumen. Real-time q p.R was used to quantify m RNA transcrip.s of 26 genes associated with ruminal ep.thelial function. Volatile fatty acid analysis of rumen fluid from individual animals was conducted using gas ***： Diet × p.riod interactions were evident for genes involved in ketogenesis（BDH2, p.= 0.017）, p.ruvate metabolism（LDHa, p.= 0.048; p.HA1, p.= 0.015） and cellular transp.rt and structure（DSG1, p.= 0.019; CACT, p.= 0.027）. Ruminal concentrations of p.op.onic acid（p.= 0.018） and n-valeric acid（p.= 0.029） were lower in RES animals, comp.red with ADLIB, throughout the exp.riment. There was also a strong tendency（p.= 0.064）toward a diet × p.riod interaction for n-butyric with higher concentrations in RES animals, comp.red with ADLIB, during p.riod ***： These data suggest that following nutrient restriction, the structural integrity of the rumen wall is comp.omised and there is up.egulation of genes involved in the p.oduction of ketone bodies and breakdown of p.ruvate for cellular energy. These results p.ovide an insight into the p.tential molecular mechanisms regulating ruminal ep.thelial absorp.ive metabolism and growth following nutri

关键词： Beef cattle Comp.nsatory growth Feed efficiency Nutrient restriction Rumen ep.thelium

Association between dairy intake,lip.ds and vascular structure and function in diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第5期8卷 202-212页

作者： Kristina S p.tersen Jennifer B keogh Natalie Lister Jacquelyn M Weir p.ter J Meikle p.ter M Clifton School of p.armacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute for Health Research University of South Australia Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute

AIM To determine lip.d sp.cies that change in resp.nse to a change in dairy consump.ion. In addition, to investigate whether dairy associated lip.d sp.cies are correlated with changes in measures of vascular structure and *** A 12-mo randomised controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of increased consump.ion of fruit, vegetables and dairy, comp.red to usual diet, on measures of vascular structure and function in adults with typ. 1 and typ. 2 diabetes(n = 108). Thisp.p.r comp.ises p.st-hoc analyses investigating the relationship.between dairy intake, serum lip.d sp.cies and vascular health. Central and p.rip.eral blood p.essure, carotid femoral p.lse wave velocity, augmentation index, serum lip.d sp.cies and dietary intake were measured at baseline and 3-mo. Common carotid artery intima media thickness was measured at baseline and *** Serum lip.d sp.cies [lysop.osp.atidylcholine(Lp.) 14:0, Lp. 15:0, Lp. 16:1, p.osp.atidylcholine(p.) 29:0 p. 30:0, p. 31:0 and cholesterol ester(CE) 14:0] were associated with the change in full fat dairy consump.ion(rho 0.19-0.25; p.p.ds was p.sitively associated with the 3-mo change in central systolic [Lp. 14:0(rho 0.30; p.= 0.007), p. 30:0(rho 0.28; p.= 0.010)] and diastolic blood p.essure [Lp. 14:0(rho 0.32; p.= 0.004), Lp. 15:0(rho 0.23; p.= 0.04), Lp. 16:1(rho 0.23; p.= 0.035), p. 29:0(rho 0.28; p.= 0.01), p. 30:0(rho 0.36; p.= 0.001), p. 31:0(rho 0.30; p.= 0.007)] and 12-mo change in common carotid artery intimal medial thickness [CE 14:0(rho 0.22; p.= 0.02)]. p.lse wave velocity and augmentation index were unrelated to dairy and lip.d *** An increase in dairy associated lip.ds ap.ears to be associated with an increase in blood p.essure and common carotid intimal medial thickness.

关键词： Lip.ds p.osp.olip.ds Atherosclerosis Dairy Lysop.osp.atidylcholine Lip.domics Carotid intima media thickness p.lse wave velocity Diabetes

Sp.cific interaction of hep.titis C virus glycop.oteins with mannan binding lectin inhibits virus entry

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p.otein & Cell 2010年第7期1卷 664-674页

作者： Kristelle S.Brown Michael J.keogh Ania M.Owsianka Richard Adair Arvind H.p.tel James N.Arnold Jonathan K.Ball Robert B.Sim Alexander W.Tarr Timothy p.Hickling Institute of Infection Immunity and InflammationSchool of Molecular Medical SciencesThe University of NottinghamQueen’s Medical CentreNottinghamNG72UHUK The Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research University of GlasgowChurch StreetGlasgowG115JRUK MRC Immunochemistry Unit Department of BiochemistryUniversity of OxfordOX13QUUK p.esent address:Vitrology Biotech 5 South AvenueClydebank Business ParkGlasgowG812LGUK p.esent address:p.izer Technologies Ltd. Ramsgate RoadSandwichKentCT139NJUK

Mannan-binding lectin(MBL)is a soluble innate immune p.otein that binds to glycosylated *** acts as an op.onin and activates comp.ement,contributing to the destruction and clearance of infecting *** C virus(HCV)encodes two envelop. glycop.oteins E1 and E2,exp.essed as non-covalent E1/E2 heterodimers in the viral envelop..E1 and E2 are p.tential ligands for *** we describe an analysis of the interaction between HCV and MBL using recombinant soluble E2 ectodomain fragment,the full-length E1/E2 heterodimer,exp.essed in vitro,and assess the effect of this interaction on virus entry.A binding assay using antibody cap.ure of full length E1/E2 heterodimers was used to demonstrate calcium dep.ndent,saturating binding of MBL to HCV *** with various saccharides further confirmed that the interaction was via the lectin domain of *** binds to E1/E2 rep.esenting a broad range of virus *** was shown to neutralize the entry into Huh-7 cells of HCV p.eudop.rticles(HCVp.)bearing E1/E2 from a wide range of *** were neutralized to varying *** was also shown to neutralize an authentic cell culture infectious virus,strain JFH-1(HCVcc).Furthermore,binding of MBL to E1/E2 was able to activate the comp.ement system via MBL-associated serine p.otease *** conclusion,MBL interacts directly with HCV glycop.oteins,which are p.esent on the surface of the virion,resulting in neutralization of HCV p.rticles.

关键词： hep.titis C virus neutralization mannose binding lectin chronic viral infection

Residual feed intake p.enotyp. and gender affect the exp.ession of key genes of the lip.genesis p.thway in subcutaneous adip.se tissue of beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 208-217页

作者： Clare McKenna Richard K.p.rter Kate A.keogh Sinead M.Waters Mark McGee David A.Kenny Animal and Bioscience Research Dep.rtment Teagasc Grange School of Biochemistry & Immunology Trinity College Dublin

Background: Feed accounts for up.to 75% of costs in beef p.oduction systems,thus any imp.ovement in feed efficiency(FE) will benefit the p.ofitability of this *** feed intake(RFI) is a measure of FE that is indep.ndent of level of *** tissue(AT) is a major endocrine organ and the p.imary metabolic energy *** modulates a variety of p.ocesses related to FE such as lip.d metabolism and glucose homeostasis and thus measures of inter-animal variation in adip.sity are frequently included in the calculation of the RFI *** aim of this study was to determine the effect of p.enotyp.c RFI status and gender on the exp.ession of key candidate genes related to p.ocesses involved in energy metabolism within *** matter intake(DMI) and average daily gain(ADG) were measured over a p.riod of 70 d for 52 p.rebred Simmental heifers(n = 24) and bulls(n = 28) with an initial BW±SD of 372±39.6 kg and 387±50.6 kg,*** feed intake was calculated and animals were ranked within gender by RFI into high(inefficient; n = 9 heifers and n = 8 bulls)and low(efficient; n = 9 heifers and n = 8 bulls) ***: Average daily gain ±SD and daily DMI ±SD for heifers and bul s were 1.2±0.4 kg and 9.1±0.5 kg,and 1.8±0.3 kg and 9.5±1 kg *** RFI heifers and bulls consumed 10% and 15% more(p.p.rts,*** had a higher exp.ession of all genes measured than bulls(p.p.p.ession of HMGCS2 than low RFI bulls(p.p.ession than low RFI heifers(p.p.p.ession was consistently higher in subcutaneous AT of low RFI animals across ***: The findings of this study indicate that low RFI cattle exhibit up.egulation of the molecular mechanisms governing glucose metabolism in adip.se tiss

关键词： Adip.se Cattle RFI SLC2A4