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External Otitis: Epidemiological, Clinical, Etiological, and Therapeutic Aspects at the Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department of Mamou Regional Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 213-224页

作者： Mamadou Mouctar Ramata diallo Sayon Kourouma.Oumou Amadou diallo Ibrahima diallo Francine Haba Alsény Cisse Raphan Madi Kaba Keita Abdoulaye Keita Alpha ouma. diallo ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea ENT Department Conakry Military Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department IgnaceDeen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Lab&#233 Regional Hospital Lab&#233 Guinea ENT Department N&#8217Z&#233r&#233kor&#233 Regional Hospital N&#8217Z&#233r&#233kor&#233 Guinea

Introduction: External otitis (OE) is an acute or chronic inflammation or infection of the external ear resulting from an imbalance in the external auditory canal secondary to microtrauma, maceration, eczema, or a foreign body in the external auditory canal. Objective: To study cases of external otitis at the Mamou Regional Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted over a period of six (6) months from July 1st to December 31st, 2016. It included all patients admitted to the ENT department of the Mamou Regional Hospital. Results: During the study period, 712 patients were admitted to the department for various pathologies, of which 103 met our selection criteria, representing a frequency of 14.46%. The mean age of the patients was 33.74 years with a range of 1 to 90 years. Males predominated in the sample, accounting for 59.22%. The vast majority of patients resided in urban areas, constituting 61.17% of the sample. In our study, all patients consulted for otalgia (100%), and over half (53.39%) for hypoacusis. We formally identified rhinitis in 66.66% of cases, while diabetes was found in only 4 patients (11.11%). Otomycosis was the most commonly identified condition (53.39%), followed by furuncles (33.98%). Ear drops containing antibiotics were administered to all patients, although 66.60% received antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: External otitis is a relatively common condition, particularly among children and the elderly. Diagnosis can be made based on pain upon traction of the pinna and pressure on the tragus.

关键词： External Otitis ENT Mamou Regional Hospital

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Epidemiology and Histopathology of Cancers of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第4期13卷 259-274页

作者： Mamadou Mouctar Ramata diallo Oumou Amadou diallo Raphan Madi Kaba Keita Ousmane Barry Abdoulaye Keita Alpha ouma. diallo Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery NZrkor Regional Hospital NZrkor Guinea Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Head and neck cancers represent a significant burden of cancer, collectively ranking fourth for cancer incidence and second for cancer mortality worldwide. Objective: To study the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of head and neck cancers in the ENT-CCF department of Ignace Deen National Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study covering a period of 5 years from September 1, 2016, to September 30, 2021. Results: We collected 43 cases of head and neck cancers, representing a hospital frequency of 1.85%. The mean age was 45.21 ± 13.23 years. Males predominated, accounting for 65.12%, compared to 34.88% for females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.87. Housewives accounted for 27.90%, followed by farmers at 23.26% and traders/merchants at 18.60%, with 41.86% being uneducated. The main risk factors were tobacco (37.21%) and alcohol (34.88%). Pain (53.49%), dysphonia (51.16%), and dyspnea (39.53%) were the main presenting symptoms. Squamous cell carcinoma (74.42%) and large cell lymphoma (18.60%) were the most commonly cited histological types. Conclusion: Head and neck cancers remain relatively common in our country. Improving prognosis depends on early diagnosis of the condition, resuscitation resources, and prompt management.

关键词： Cancer Head and Neck Histopathology Ignace Deen National Hospital

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Video Games and School Performances of Dakar High School Students

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第7期14卷 1851-1862页

作者： Souleymane diallo Papa Mamadou Gaye National Higher Institute of Popular Education and Sport (INSEPS) UCAD Dakar Senegal

The triptych (Smartphones, Video games, adolescents) has imposed itself on the collective consciousness in the form of questioning to the point of becoming a social phenomenon. It thus raises concerns about the uses that adolescents make of it and the effects on their academic performance, which we proposed to study among middle school students from the Dakar academy inspection. Where appropriate, we used mixed methods with the collection techniques of questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews respectively with middle school students, adults (parents, supervisors, teachers, etc.), participant observation and literature review. Concretely, before accessibility to video games, the middle school students were more idle and well-behaved, watched a lot of TV, played with their brothers and sisters or did household chores. The majority of young people had good, very good or excellent conduct and their averages were fair, fairly good or good. With access to a diverse digital environment, middle school students have passionately turned to video games. As a result, their learning time, concentration and submission to parental injunctions have declined significantly. This situation negatively affected their academic performance and encouraged bad behavior.

关键词： Digital Revolution Video Games Middle School Student Education Academic Performance

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Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged 0-5 Years, Epidemiological Aspects and Management in the Paediatrics Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 19-30页

作者： Oumou Amadou diallo M’bemba Traore Mamadou Cire Barry Mamadou Mouctar Ramata diallo Hasmiou Dia Alpha ouma. diallo ENT Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Paediatrics Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea

Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear. The aim of our study was to improve the management of AOM in the Paediatric Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry). Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 01 July to 31 December 2011;the study covered 525 cases out of a total of 6276 children, i.e. a frequency of 8.36%. Results: The most affected age group was 6 to 11 months. Males predominated (69.71%). 82.29% had a history of recurrent rhinopharyngitis. The most frequent reason for consultation was incessant crying (66.29%). Rhinopharyngitis and malaria were the most commonly associated pathologies (87.62% and 39.62% respectively). 72.19% of our patients were admitted with congestive AOM and received medical treatment. We recorded one case of otomastoiditis which was treated surgically. Conclusion: AOM is more common in children aged between 6 and 24 months. Good collaboration between paediatricians and ENT specialists is essential to reduce the morbidity of AOM.

关键词： Acute Otitis Media (AOM) Treatment Nasopharyngitis Eustachian Tube

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Evaluation of Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatic Steatosis by Pulse Elastography (FIBROSCAN/CAP) in Asymptomatic Patients about 170 Cases at the Donka CHU National Hospital in Conakry

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 125-138页

作者： Mamadou Sarifou diallo ouma.ou Youssouf Abdoulatif Yaogo Djenabou diallo Kadiatou diallo Thierno Amadou Wann Ahmed Tidiane diallo Mamadou Lamine Yaya Bah Mamdou Diakhaby Mamadou Aliou Kanté Djibril Sylla Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology The Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea Internal Medicine Department Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Department of Hepato Gastroenterology Angr&#233 University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Internal Medicine Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Fibroscan is a recent, non-invasive and non-irradiating diagnostic method. It is based on the principle of ultrasound, which enables liver tissue elasticity to be quantified using a probe, and fibrosis to be assessed. Fibroscan measures both elasticity correlated with hepatic fibrosis and CAP correlated with steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using pulse elastometry (Fibroscan/CAP). Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in which 170 patients were included. It was conducted from October 1 2021 to December 31 2023, i.e. 27 months, in an outpatient clinic in the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka national hospital of the CHU Conakry. Results: Of the 170 patients identified, 87 were male (51%) and 83 female (49%), giving a M/F sex ratio of 1.04. The average age of our patients was 40. The 30 - 50 age group was the most affected, with a frequency of 58.23% (n = 99), followed by the 50 age group with a frequency of 29.41% (n = 50). Hepatomegaly, steatotic liver on ultrasonography, transaminase elevation and obesity were the main indications, respectively: (21.76%), (17.65%), (14.71%), and (13.53%). The examinations were requested by hepatogastroenterologists (47.06%), diabetologists (35.88%) and general practitioners (29%). Of the 170 patients, 100 patients (58.82%) had no significant fibrosis F0F1, 39 (22.94%) had moderate fibrosis F2, 20 patients (11.76%) had severe fibrosis F3 and 11 patients (6.47%) had fibrosis F4. Hepatic steatosis: 62 patients (36.47%) had no S0 steatosis;29.41% had S1 steatosis, 20% had S2 steatosis and 24 patients (14.11%) had S3 steatosis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a normal liver in 67.05% of patients, hepatic steatosis in 29.41% and non-decompensated cirrhosis in 6 cases. Thus, 108 patients had the parameters required to calculate the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), steatosis was present in 20% of our patients, while 29.41% had an undetermined st

关键词： Cirrhosis Fibrosis Fibroscan/CAP Non-Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis Steatosis CHU Conakry

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Evaluation of the “Helicobacter pylori” Eradication Rate by Bismuth Quadritherapy or Concomitant Quadritherapy in Black Africans

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期14卷 69-79页

作者： diallo Mamadou Sarifou Youssouf ouma.ou Yaogo Abdoulatif diallo Kadiatou diallo Djenabou Wann Thierno Amadou Bah Mamadou Lamine Yaya diallo Ahmed Tidiane Diakhaby Mamadou Kanté Mamadou Aliou Sylla Djibril Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of the Donka National Hospital CHU Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea Internal Medicine Department Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Hepato Gastroenterology Department Angré University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Internal Medicine Donka National Hospital CHU Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Gastric infection by “Helicobacter pylori” remains a topical issue due to the evolving scientific data concerning its pathophysiology, the diseases and pathologies concerned, which now extend beyond the gastric or digestive sphere, and the treatment methods faced with the development of antibiotic resistance. Diagnosis of infection involves two inseparable aspects: identification of the bacterium itself and identification of the endoscopic and histological lesions caused by the bacterium. Objective: To evaluate the rate of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection by bismuth quadruple therapy and concomitant treatment. Patients and methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, analytical study of all outpatients in the hepato-gastroenterology department during the study period from 1 January 2022 to 30 November 2023. All patients had undergone oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy and the diagnosis was made by histological examination of the gastric biopsy. Results: Our 113 patients comprised 68 men and 46 women. The sex ratio was 1.48 in favour of men. The mean age of our patients was 40.28 years, with extremes of 13 and 80 years. The clinical signs that prompted oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy were as follows: epigastralgia (69.91%), dyspepsia (14.16%), vomiting (7.08%), gastro-oesophageal reflux (6.19%) and altered general condition with weight loss (2.65%). The endoscopic lesions were: gastropathy (antral, fundic and diffuse: antro-fundial) (69.02%), bulbar ulcer (6.19%), gastric ulcer (5.31%). Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with chronic gastritis in all our patients;it was mild in 50%, moderate in 41% and severe in 9%. The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori according to the treatment protocol used was 92.30% for bismuth quadruple therapy and 94.12% for concomitant quadruple therapy. Conclusion: The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori in our study was 92.30% and 94.12% respectively for bismuth quadritherapy and concomitant the

关键词： “Helicobacter pylori” Eradication Quadritherapy Antibiotics Conakry

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Evaluating the Influence of the Prostate Weight on the Morbidity and Mortality of Transvesical Open Prostatectomy: Prospective Analysis of 108 Cases in the Urology-Andrology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第4期14卷 252-261页

作者： Thierno ouma. diallo Alimou diallo Alpha ouma. Barry Thierno Mamadou Oury diallo Alseny Bah Youssouf Keita Daouda Kanté Mamadou Bissiriou Bah Demba Cissé Ibrahima Bah Abdoulaye Bobo diallo ouma. Raphiou Bah Urology Department National Hospital of Ignace Deen Conakry University Conakry Guinea Urology Department Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital Conakry University Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Open transvesical prostatectomy remains today one of the most effective approaches for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia despite the fact that, this method is associated with multiple complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of prostate weight on the morbidity and mortality of transvesical prostatectomy for adenoma in the urology-andrology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal and analytical study lasting 6 months, from March 1, 2022 to August 31, 2022 including patients admitted and operated on by open transvesical prostatectomy by assessing the influence of prostate weight on the morbidity and mortality of transvesical adenomectomies. Results: 108 patients were included in our study, the average age of our patients was 70 ± 7.7 years, cultivators were the most represented profession with 38.89%, and hypertension was the most represented comorbidity with 75%. 33.06% of cases became complicated and surgical wound infection was the main complication with a frequency of 17.40%. Statistical analysis did not conclude that, the prostate weight does not have a statistically significant influence on the morbidity and mortality of transvesical open prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Conclusion: Prostate weight has no influence on the morbidity and mortality of transvesical prostate adenoma.

关键词： Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Adenomectomy Prostate Weight Complication

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Urogenital Complications of Groin Hernia Surgery: A Multicentre Study in Guinea

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第3期14卷 173-178页

作者： Alimou diallo Karifa Oulare Alpha ouma. Barry Thierno ouma. diallo Daouda Kanté Ibrahima Bah Abdoulaye Bobo diallo ouma. Raphiou Bah Department of Urology Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Department of Urology National Ignace Deen Hospital Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Context and Objective: Groin hernia is a common pathology in visceral surgery (2nd rank after appendicitis), which affects approximately 4.6% of the African population. Restoring the normal anatomy of the groin region is one of the most benign interventions. However, uro-andrological complications are possible. This study aimed to contribute to the improvement of the management of urogenital complications of groin hernia surgery. Patients and Method: We carried out a prospective study of descriptive type with a duration of 6 months from 1 August 2021 to 31 January 2022. The data were collected using a pre-established survey sheet. The study covered several sites (public hospitals and private clinics) in Guinea. Results: The urogenital complications of the surgery of the hernia of the groin represented 15.22% or 14 cases out of 92 patients. The average age was 37.00 years with extremes of 20-69 years. Polygamists occupied the first place. The reason for consultation was dominated by decreased testicular volume (42.86%), followed by a desire to conceive (21.43%). Unilateral testicular atrophy represented 63.64%, bilateral 27.27%. We performed a left orchidectomy in one patient and a cystorraphy in another simple operative follow-up. The other cases consisting of testicular atrophy, due to lack of a suitable technical platform, did not benefit from any specific therapeutic treatment. Conclusion: Urogenital complications of groin hernia surgery are relatively common. Testicular atrophy was the main clinical complication. The left orchidectomy and cystorraphy were the therapeutic procedures performed.

关键词： Hernia of the Groin Herniorraphy Testicular Atrophy Orchidectomy Cystorraphy

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Review of 6 Years of Middle Ear Surgery in the ENT-Laryngology Department of the Donka National Hospital and a Literature Review

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Surgical Science 2024年第8期15卷 471-479页

作者： Mamadou Aliou diallo Ibrahima diallo Mamadou Mouctar Ramata diallo Sayon Kourouma.Alsény Camara Alsény Cissé Abdoulaye Bayo Barry Alpha ouma. Sory Sacko Abdoulaye Keita Service dORL Hpital National Donka Conakry Guinea Service dORL Hpital Rgional de Mamou Mamou Guinea Service dORL Hpital Rgional de Lab Lab Guinea

Introduction: Middle ear surgery is increasingly performed in our department. Our goal was to take stock of this activity in the ENT department of the Donka National Hospital. Equipment and Methods: It was a descriptive and retrospective study;it involved 71 patients’ records operated from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2023. We included the files of patients who had a middle ear surgery including the post-operative report and follow-up. Incomplete or illegible records were excluded. The parameters studied were epidemiological, otoscopic, tomodensitometric, surgical indications, surgical techniques and results. Results: We recorded 71 middle ear surgeries out of 548 ENT surgeries, the prevalence was 12.96%. The average age was 23 years (type-deviation = 17, 29 years) with extremes of 3 to 75 years. According to the preoperative audiometry, the deafness was medium (48.8%), mild (36.9%) and severe (14.3%). The operative indications were among others: perforation of the tympanic sequellar (52.5%), chronic otomastoiditis (23.8%), cholesteatoma (15%) and seromuqueous otitis (8.7%). We performed 70 tympanoplasties (90.9%), 50 mastoidectomies (64.9%) and 7 trans-tympanic aerators (9.1%). One month after surgery, the neotympanum was constituted in 86%, and the hearing gain was between 11 and 15 dB in 18.3% of cases. Conclusion: Middle ear surgery was infrequent. Young subjects are the most concerned. Tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy are the main surgical techniques. The anatomical and functional results are appreciable.

关键词： Surgery Ear Tympanoplasty Mastoïdectomie

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Sustainable Management of Biodegradable Waste in Guinea: Effect of Compost on Eggplant and Chilli Crop Yields Pepper

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1009-1017页

作者： Mamadou Yaya Baldé Mamadou Aliou diallo Mariama Barry Dian Foula diallo Mamadouba Bangaly Camara Nyankoï Soropogui Institut de Recherche Environnementale de Guine (IREG) Conakry Guinea Department of Chemistry Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

The fight against insalubrity in large urban and peri-urban agglomerations is a major challenge in developing countries. This problem is compounded by that of sustainable waste management mechanisms. Indeed, the current waste collection system in Guinea has proved inadequate, as moving garbage from point “A” to point “B” is tantamount to “moving the problem”. The aim of this experimental work is to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness and benefits of sustainable waste management. As part of this drive to valorize biodegradable waste, the Waste Management Research Center has undertaken a series of activities ranging from composting organic waste to testing compost on certain crop varieties. An experimental field of 8024 m2 was laid out and treated with 1500 Kg of fine compost in doses ranging from 2.5 to 5 T/ha. Two crop varieties, eggplant and chili, were tested. Compost application increased production yields: 15 to 21 tonnes of eggplant and 10.4 to 11.1 tonnes of chili per hectare. Growth rates compared with usual yields varied from 50% to 64% and from 11% to 17% for eggplant and chili, respectively. This study resulted in an optimum compost dose of 2.5 T/ha for this phase.

关键词： Sustainable Waste Management Compost Eggplant Chilli Yield IREG CREGED

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