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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among People Living with HIV Receiving Care in Three Large HIV Clinics in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2024年第1期14卷 1-17页

作者： Prosper Okonkwo Oluseye Ajayi Deborah babatunde Dimas Mercy Ezekiel Program Department APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Community Medicine Department Bingham University Karu Nigeria Prevention and Community Service Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Health System Strengthening Directorate APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria

In the last decade, the long-term survival among people living with HIV (PLHIV) has significantly improved. This is accompanied by an increased burden of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension due to the combined effect of the aging population and the metabolic effect of the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) virion and antiretroviral therapy. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among people living with HIV in three large health facilities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study employed a multistage sampling technique to select 309 adults with HIV, 18 years and above, receiving HIV care in three large health facilities in Nasarawa State. The outcome variable was the participants’ self-reported history of hypertension, confirmed through a positive history of hypertension treatment. Exposure variables included the participant’s socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and HIV care and treatment history. Data were presented using frequency tables. Factors associated with hypertension were assessed using binary logistic regression at a 0.05 level of statistical significance. A total of 309 adults living with HIV were sampled. A larger percentage of the participants were married 228 (73.8%), female, 191 (61.8%), within the age group 41 - 50 years, 141 (45.6%). Most of the participants had no family history of hypertension, 188 (60.8%). The prevalence of self-reported hypertension was 11.0% (34/309). Factors associated with hypertension at the bivariate level were age group 21 - 30 years, 41 - 50 years, being widow/widower, divorced, retired from employment or with family history of hypertension. Only participants age group 31 - 40 years [Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR): 0.18, 95%CI: 0.04 - 0.91, p = 0.04] and family history of hypertension [(AOR): 83.44, 95%CI: 15.75 - 442.11, p < 0.01] were found to predict hypertension among the study participants after adjusting for confounders. In c

关键词： HIV HIV Care Hypertension Hypertension Prevalence Nigeria PLHIV

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Detection of Partial and Extended Blockages: A Case Study of Edible Oil Pipeline System

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 204-223页

作者： babatunde Victor Omidiji Ayodele Abeeb Daniyan Adeniyi Taiwo Kunle Michael Oluwasegun Department of Mechanical Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering First Technical University Ibadan Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Manitoba Manitoba Canada

This work focuses on the development and implementation of a simulation-based approach for the detection of partial and extended blockages within an edible oil pipeline system. Blockages, whether partial or extended, pose a significant operational and safety risks. This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to model the flow behaviour of edible oil through pipeline under varying conditions. It leverages advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze pressure, velocity, and temperature variations along the pipeline. By simulating scenarios with different blockage characteristics, there is establishment of distinctive patterns indicative of partial and extended obstructions. Through extensive analysis of simulation data, sensing element, and monitoring system, processing signal input and response output, the system can accurately pinpoint the location and severity of blockages, providing crucial insights for timely intervention. The detection system represents a significant advancement in pipeline monitoring technology, offering a proactive and accurate approach to identify blockages and mitigate potential risks and ensure the uninterrupted flow of edible oil, thereby enabling timely intervention and maintenance.

关键词： Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulations Pipeline Blockages

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Retinoscopes:Past and present

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 126-140页

作者： Mutali Musa Ehimare Enaholo babatunde Ismail Bale Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Marco Zeppieri Department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 300283Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Africa Eye Laser CentreBenin 300105Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Centre for Sight AfricaNkpor 434101Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy

BACKGROUND Retinoscopy is arguably the most important method in the eye clinic for diagnosing and managing refractive *** of retinoscopy include its noninvasive nature,ability to assess patients of all ages,and usefulness in patients with limited cooperation or communication *** To discuss the history of retinoscopes and examine current literature on the *** A search was conducted on the PubMed and with the reference citation analysis(https://***)database using the term"Retinoscopy,"with a range restricted to the last 10 years(2013-2023).The search string algorithm was:"Retinoscopy"(MeSH Terms)OR"Retinoscopy"(All Fields)OR"Retinoscopes"(All Fields)AND[(All Fields)AND 2013:2023(pdat)].RESULTS This systematic review included a total of 286 *** reviewed iterations of the retinoscope into autorefractors,infrared photo retinoscope,television retinoscopy,and the Wifi enabled digital *** The retinoscope has evolved significantly since its discovery,with a significant improvement in its diagnostic *** it has advantages such as non-invasiveness and broad applicability,limitations exist,and the need for skilled interpretation *** ongoing research,including the integration of artificial intelligence,retinoscopy is expected to continue advancing and playing a vital role in eye care.

关键词： Retinoscopy Autorefractor Refractive errors Ophthalmology Optics Artificial intelligence

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COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Associated Factors in Selected Communities in Two Southwestern States in Nigeria

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 260-278页

作者： Oluseye Ayodele Ajayi Olabanjo Okunlola Ogunsola Ajibola Idowu oluwaseun Kikelomo Ajayi Kucheli Wudiri Rita Asoka-Ikechukwu Prosper Okonkwo APIN Public Health Initiatives Abuja Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomosho Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria

Introduction: COVID-19 vaccine uptake and acceptance have been a major global concern due to the prevalent misinformation and disinformation that has characterized the vaccine rollout worldwide. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake and acceptance, and associated factors among selected community members in two states in southwestern Nigeria. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a multistage sampling technique. Fifty catchment settlements of 10 health facilities in each of Oyo and Ogun States targeted for a COVID-19 infection prevention and control intervention were randomly selected. Four households were targeted per settlement. All households that refused access were replaced, to ensure a minimum of four households randomly selected per settlement. The primary household decision-maker was interviewed in each household. Information elicited included respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, health history, knowledge, risk and benefit perception about the COVID-19 vaccine, vaccine uptake, and willingness to be vaccinated. The study was conducted from July–August 2021. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM version 23. Result: Four hundred household decision-makers were surveyed in Oyo and Ogun states, after replacement. The mean age of the respondents was 43.0 ± 11.0 years. The majority, 346 (86.5%) had heard about COVID-19 vaccination, but only 47 (13.6%) had received a COVID-19 vaccination. Of the 299 respondents who reported not receiving a COVID-19 vaccination, 166 (55.5%) were willing to be vaccinated. In univariate analysis, respondents who were female had tertiary education, perceived that COVID-19 vaccines are free and accessible, perceived that COVID-19 vaccines have minimal side effects, and perceived higher benefits of COVID-19 vaccination had higher odds of being vaccinated. In contrast, younger respondents, respondents with higher knowledge scores on COVID-19 preventive measures, and with chronic illness had lower likelihoods

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination Vaccine Vaccine Uptake

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Feasibility Study of Assist-Linked Brief Intervention for Substance Use Disorders in a Rural Community of Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 206-222页

作者： Nwoga Charles Nnaemeka Audu Moses David Sambo Jacob Dusu Mafai Danboyi Kwei Dakwak Samuel Joseph Ndak Andarawus Zuhumnan babatunde Stephen Psychiatry Department Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Psychology Department Quintessential Healthcare Centre Jos Plateau State Nigeria Psychology Department University of Jos Jos Nigeria Plateau State Hospital Management Board Jos Plateau State Nigeria Department of Psychology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: We studied the feasibility of using Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) linked with Brief Intervention (ALBI) in treating Substance Use Disorder in Nigeria. There is a clear gap in meeting the needs for treatment and care for people with drug use disorders in Nigeria with many users reporting a self-perceived need for treatment and about 40% of them wanting to receive drug treatment but were unable to access such services. Methods: ASSIST questionnaire was used to gather baseline data, and ALBI along with Motivational Interviewing (MI) was used to intervene for 6 weeks following which ASSIST score was repeated and compared with baseline. Results: Majority of the participants were aged 21 - 30 years, mostly males with (61.3%) lacking steady jobs. Lifetime prevalence of any drug use was (88.2%). Three months prevalence was nicotine (72.0%), alcohol (66.7%), cannabis (47.3%), opioids (11.8%) among others. The ASSIST scores were mostly on the severe ranges. ASSIST result after six weeks showed marked reduction. The Mean Difference (MD) in the ASSIST scores after intervention was significant for tobacco, opioids, alcohol, and cannabis. The Cohen’s D effect size was large for tobacco (1.08), alcohol (0.92) and cannabis (0.73) but low for other substances. Conclusion: ALBI along with MI was helpful in combating the menace of substance use.

关键词： ASSIST ALBI SUD Rural Community Nigeria

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Combatting anthrax outbreaks across Nigeria's national land borders: need to optimize surveillance with epidemiological surveys

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 100-100页

作者： Hammed O.Mogaji babatunde Adewale Stella I.Smith Ehimario U.Igumbor Chidumebi J.Idemili Andrew W.Taylor-Robinson Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven USA Parasitology and Epidemiology Unit Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Public Health and Epidemiology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Infectious Disease Research Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Public Health Walter Sisulu University Mthatha South Africa Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto Canada College of Health Sciences Vin University Hanoi Vietnam Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

Background Anthrax is a non-contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-positive,spore-forming bac-terium Bacillus *** is common in livestock and wild animals such as cattle,goats,sheep,camels,and *** humans,anthrax may occur after contact with contaminated carcasses or animal products like milk and *** best method to prevent anthrax in people is to ensure livestock are vaccinated,which significantly limits the risk of zoonotic spread to ***,the rate of vaccination of domesticated animals kept by nomadic pastoralists in West Africa is *** groups regularly cross over national boundaries with their grazing *** is a country that historically has done comparatively well to contain this public health ***,in 2023 several outbreaks of human disease appear linked to the consumption of anthrax-contaminated animal products brought into Nigeria by pastoralists from neighboring *** manifestations include skin sores or ulcers,nausea,vomiting,and *** article aims to raise awareness of recent outbreaks of anthrax in West Africa and to callfor a renewed focus on measures to combat this neglected public health concern to the *** body The imperative to pinpoint pivotal issues relating to the ongoing emergence of anthrax cases in Nigeria cannot be *** delving into the prevalence of anthrax in both livestock and human populations residing along Nigeria's borders,unraveling the genetic diversity and potential sources of *** strains,and identify-ing the primary animal host(s)responsible for transmission,we stand to enhance our understanding of this critical ***,investigating the multifaceted factors contributing to anthrax transmission,assessing community knowledge and practices,mapping common migratory routes of pastoralists,and formulating targeted interven-tion strategies tailored to the challenges of border communities,are each crucial steps towards eff

关键词： border Combat doubt

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Institutional Capacity and the Roles of Key Actors in Fire Disaster Risk Reduction: The Case of Ibadan, Nigeria

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 716-728页

作者： Olusegun Joseph Falola Samuel babatunde Agbola Department of Urban and Regional Planning Lead City UniversityIbadan 200255Oyo StateNigeria Department of Urban and Regional Planning University of IbadanIbadan 200284Oyo StateNigeria

Inefficient and ineffective fire management practices are common to most urban areas of developing *** cities are typical examples of high vulnerability and low preparedness level for fire *** study examined the institutional framework for fire disaster risk reduction(FDRR) and explored the roles of key actors in fire disaster preparedness in Ibadan,a large traditional city in *** study was anchored on the concept of urban governance.A case study research design was adopted using primary and secondary *** data were obtained through field observation aided by a structured checklist and key informant *** were conducted on key officials of the major organs for FDRR-Oyo State Fire Service(OSFS) and Oyo State Emergency Management Agency(OYSEMA).The study identified a disjointed and fragmented approach to fire *** relating to fire risk reduction and disaster recovery were domiciled under the OYSEMA,while emergency response to fire disasters was the prerogative of the *** results show that only five out of 11 local government areas had public fire stations;only three fire stations had an on-site water supply;three fire stations lacked firefighting vehicles;and distribution of fire stations and facilities was *** fire stations responded to 80% of all fire cases in 12 *** study concluded that the institutional structure and resources for fire risk reduction was more empowered to respond to fire disaster,rather than facilitating preparedness capacity to reduce disaster risk.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Disaster risk Fire disaster Fire service Fire station

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Selected fermented indigenous vegetables and fruits from Malaysia as potential sources of natural probiotics for improving gut health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1493-1509页

作者： Olaide Olawunmi Ajibola Raymond Thomas babatunde Femi Bakare Department of Biochemistry Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Faculty of Resource Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation Universiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan 94300Malaysia School of Science and the Environmental Science/Boreal Ecosystem Research Initiative Memorial University of NewfoundlandCorner Brook A2H 5G4Canada Department of Biology/Biotron Experimental Climate Change Research Centre Western UniversityLondon N6A 5BCanada Environmental Pollution and Remediation Research Group Department of Chemical EngineeringMangosuthu University of TechnologyDurban 4031South Africa

In the Peninsular Malaysia and Northern Borneo island of Malaysia, various rich indigenous leafy vegetables and fruits grow and contribute to the nutritional and dietary values of the population. They have high water contents, thus, naturally vulnerable to rapid food spoilage. Food preservation and processing play a vital role in the inhibition of food pathogens in fruits and vegetables that are prevalent in Malaysia. Lactic acid fermentation is generally a local-based bioprocess, among the oldest form and well-known for food-processing techniques among indigenous people there. The long shelf life of fermented vegetables and fruits improves their nutritional values and antioxidant potentials. Fermented leaves and vegetables can be utilized as a potential source of probiotics as they are host for several lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus confusus, Weissella paramesenteroides, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus pentosus, Pediococcus acidilactici, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These strains may be more viable in metabolic systems whereby they can contribute to a substantial increase in essential biologically active element than industrial starter cultures. This review is aimed to address some essential fermented fruits and vegetables in Malaysia and their remarkable reputations as a potential sources of natural probiotics.

关键词： Ethnic Leafy vegetables Fruit Fermentation Lactic acid bacteria Malaysia

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Quality attributes of chicken nuggets extended with different legume flours

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 224-234页

作者： Opeyemi Abiala Moses Abiala babatunde Omojola Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of IbadanIbadanOyo StateNigeria Department of Biological Sciences College of Basic and Applied SciencesMountain Top UniversityPrayer CityOgun StateNigeria

Chicken nugget is a comminuted meat product commonly prepared from spiced chicken meat and other ingredients. The tenderness of chicken meat lowers its firmness and mouth feel which may reduce acceptability of chicken nugget made from it. Thus, acceptability of chicken nugget could be harnessed when legume flour extenders are used along. Therefore, acceptability as well as quality of chicken nugget from different legume flours were evaluated. Soyabean, groundnut and cowpea flours were used as meat extenders for development of raw chicken nuggets and thereafter cooked for consumption. The quality of both raw and cooked legume flour extended chicken nuggets were assessed based on functional properties, sensory properties, proximate composition, amino acid content and shelf stability in terms of lipid peroxidation and microbial load. In their raw state, the legume flour extenders competed favourably with each other. Among all, soyabean flour extender maintained remarkable functional properties that transcend into significant (P < 0.05) yield of 86.93% of chicken nugget in comparison to the control (86.37%), groundnut (84.95%) and cowpea (84.50%). Upon cooking, all the legume flour extended chicken nuggets varied in their quality attributes. Apart from the high level of flavour and low microbial load, cowpea extended chicken nugget was of low quality based on the parameters evaluated in comparison with other legume flour extended chicken nuggets. Of interest, soyabean extended chicken nugget followed by groundnut extended chicken nugget were of good quality based on sensory properties, high crude protein and amino acid levels, low cholesterol content and lipid peroxidation value as well as low microbial load.

关键词： Chicken nuggets Legume flour Proximate compositions Amino acids Soyabean Cowpea Groundnut

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Nutrient uptake,maximum yield production,and economic return of maize under deficit irrigation with biochar and inorganic fertiliser amendments

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Biochar 2019年第4期1卷 375-388页

作者： oluwaseun Temitope Faloye Ayodele Ebenezer Ajayi Michael Olarewaju Alatise babatunde Sunday Ewulo Rainer Horn Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering Afe Babalola UniversityAdo EkitiNigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest ManagementFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science CAU KielHermann Rodewaldstr.224118 KielGermany

The individual and combined effects of biochar(B)and inorganic fertiliser(F)have all been widely proofed to improve soil fertility and enhance crop growth and yield under irrigation(I)and rain fed ***,the strength of their individual and combined effects on crop productivity has been scarcely *** addition,few studies have assessed their individual and co-application effects on economic ***,a 2-year field experiment which consisted of factorial combination of irrigation(I)[100%full irrigation(FI),80%FI and 60%FI],biochar(0 and 20 t/ha)and fertiliser(0 and 300 kg/ha)was *** to the results,irrigation was the dominant factor that influences maize grain yield,followed by inorganic fertiliser and biochar,and they were all significant in their main *** strength of interaction effects among,I,F and B on maize grain yield follow the sequence F×I>B×F>B×*** economic analysis showed that the ternary combination of B,F and I was more economical than the binary combination of B plus I,and F plus I(in that order),when compared with the standalone application of I at maximum production in the field *** addition,combined applications of biochar and fertiliser improved soil nutrients,nutrient uptake in all irrigation treatments,compared to the standalone applications of biochar or *** research is,therefore,recommended for long-term evaluation of the economic viability of integrating biochar with fertiliser under irrigation.

关键词： Biochar amendment Drip irrigation Maize grain yield Economic evaluation Optimum irrigation

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