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Chemosystematics Studies on Six Varieties of Mangifera indicaL.

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 253-259页

作者： Celestine Uzoma Aguoru Christopher Ogbodo j.seph olalekan olasan Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

Taxonomic investigation was carried out on six (6) varieties of Mangifera indica (j.lie, Broken, Peter, Kerosene, Opioro and Big fibre) using chemosystematics evidence. Extracts obtained from the leaf of each variety were phyto-chemically screened and quantified. Gravimetric and spectroscopic approaches were adopted in the quantification of active principles common to all the six varieties. Binary matrices computed from qualitative assessment were analysed to yield a dendrogram using the Average Linkage Method. Quantitative values were subj.cted to appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. All varieties possessed alkaloid except Big-fibre. Peter and Kerosene varieties lacked saponin, an active principle present in other varieties. Anthraquinone was present in all except in j.lie and Opioro. Five out of the six varieties lacked phlobatannin. All varieties had tannin, steroid, flavonoid and reducing sugar. Tannin was lowest in Big-fibre (0.43%) but highest in Opioro (2.41%). Steroid ranged from 3.8% in Opioro to 9.0% in j.lie with a standard deviation of 1.84. j.lie variety recording the lowest composition in flavonoid (0.01%) and reducing sugar (0.04%) components was notable. Comparison of the mean values of phytochemicals has shown a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0005) with a large F-value (18.244). Using the LSD mean separation, steroid was the most remarkable phytochemical contributing to the significant differences. Dendrogram revealed very close relationship between j.lie and Opioro varieties. The remaining four were divergent and distinct although Broken and Peter varieties arose from the same ancestral lineage with j.lie and Opioro. However, Big-fibre and Kerosene varieties were clearly different from rest belonging to a different phylogenetic ancestor. With these remarkable differences, they ought to be given special taxonomic and systematic review for appropriate nomenclatural assignment. The six varieties of Mangifera indic

关键词： Chemosystematics Mangifera indica Varieties Phytochemicals Taxonomy Circumscription

Catalytic activities of ultra-small β-FeOOH nanorods in ozonation of 4-chlorophenol

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第9期27卷 83-90页

作者： Ogheneochuko Oputu Mahabubur Chowdhury Kudzanai Nyamayaro olalekan Fatoki Veruscha Fester Department of Chemistry Cape Peninsula University of Technology Flow Process and Rheology Centre Cape Peninsula University of Technology

We report the catalytic properties of ultra-small β-FeOOH nanorods in ozonation of4-chlorophenol（4-CP）. XRD, TEM, EDS, SAED, FTIR and BET were used to characterize the prepared material. Interaction between O3 and β-FeOOH was evident from the FTIR *** removal efficiency of 4-CP was significantly enhanced in the presence of β-FeOOH compared to ozone alone. Removal efficiency of 99% and 67% was achieved after 40 min in the presence of combined ozone and catalyst and ozone only, respectively. Increasing catalyst load increased COD removal efficiency. Maximum COD removal of 97% was achieved using a catalyst load of 0.1 g/100 m L of 4-CP solution. Initial 4-CP concentration was not found to be rate limiting below 2 × 10^-3mol/L. The catalytic properties of the material during ozonation process were found to be pronounced at lower initial p H of *** stage first order kinetics was applied to describe the kinetic behavior of the nanorods at low p H. The first stage of catalytic ozonation was attributed to the heterogeneous surface breakdown of O3 by β-FeOOH, while the second stage was attributed to homogeneous catalysis initiated by reductive dissolution of β-FeOOH at low p H.

关键词： Ultra-small β-FeOOH Heterogeneous–homogeneous catalysis Catalytic ozonation Waste water treatment

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The August 2011 Flood in Ibadan, Nigeria: Anthropogenic Causes and Consequences

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International j.urnal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第4期3卷 207-217页

作者： Babatunde S.Agbola Owolabi Aj.yi olalekan j.Taiwo Bolanle W.Wahab Department of Urban and Regional Planning University of IbadanIbadanOYO 200284Nigeria Department of Geology Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife220005Nigeria Department of Geography University of IbadanIbadanOYO 200284Nigeria

Determining when and where flood strikes can be a daunting task. Apart from heavy and prolonged rainfalls and river overflows, there are anthropogenic causal factors of flooding. These anthropogenic factors are significantly variable and exacerbate floods, but may be difficult to measure. This study aims to unravel some of the anthropogenic factors, particularly with respect to their contributions to the flood in Ibadan City on 26 August 2011. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and key informant interviews. The August 2011 Ibadan flood was perhaps the worst in the history of this ancient city. Twelve anthropogenic factors are broadly identified as having contributed to the flood and the flood had five maj.r consequences. Some policy implications that can help prevent future flood occurrence are outlined.

关键词： flood floods consequences

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The Performance of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFLs), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), as a Function of the Substrate Used: A Review

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j.urnal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第9期11卷 133-152页

作者： Marykathleen Agbornawbi Tambeayuk Marc Anselme Kamga olalekan j. Taiwo Department of Environmental Management Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (PAULESI) Pan African University Ibadan Nigeria Department of Industrial Security Quality and Environment National Advanced School of Mining and Petroleum Industries University of Maroua Kaele Cameroon Department of Geography Faculty of the Social Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Organic wastes are one of the greatest challenges that cities face worldwide. In numerous underdeveloped nations, like Cameroon, waste is often disposed of through landfills, composting, or open-air combustion. Unfortunately, the concept of waste sorting and organic waste processing is new to many individuals. This has led to an increase in the amount of organic waste and the costs connected with its management. Consequently, the maj.rity of developing nations have sought out waste management solutions that are more cost-effective. Therefore, it has been determined that the bioconversion of organic wastes by black soldier fly larvae (BSFLs) (Hermetia illucens) into multifunctional prepupae is a viable alternative. Appreciation is given to the employment of the organic waste management approach in developing nations since it is not only environmentally friendly and economically viable, but also provides a means for waste valorisation through the production of diverse resources and potential economic benefits. Studies have proved the usefulness of the insect in controlling organic wastes, but countries such as Cameroon are still unfamiliar with the nuances of this method. Consequently, this timely review examined the performance of the BSFL, specifically in organic waste treatment, as well as the best practices for multiplying them to determine its viability for use in a waste treatment plant, the production of high-quality larvae as a source of protein for livestock, and the production of diesel fuel.

关键词： Environmental Sustainability Organic Waste Management Waste Valorisation Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFLs) Performance Protein Source Biodiesel

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and hexabromobiphenyl in sediments of the Diep and Kuils Rivers in South Africa

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International j.urnal of Sediment Research 2016年第1期31卷 61-70页

作者： Adegbenro P.Daso olalekan S.Fatoki j.mes P.Odendaal Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies Faculty of Applied SciencesCape Peninsula University of Technology Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Pretoria Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied SciencesCape Peninsula University of Technology

This study reports the concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromobiphenyl in bottom sediment of two rivers within the city of Cape *** the isolation of the target compounds by mechanical shaking technique,the routine analyses and structural elucidation of the target analytes were performed with high capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection(GC-nECD)and gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry(GC-TOF-MS)techniques,*** mean concentrations of the total PBDE varied in the range of 0.06-2.47 ng/g in the Diep *** values were relatively higher in the Kuils *** mean concentrations of BB 153ranged from not detected(ND)-0.39 ng/***,the mean concentrations of BB 153 in the Kuils River were in the range of ND-1.21 ng/*** statistical analyses performed on these data showed that maj.rity of the PBDE congeners,except BDE 209 had strong positive correlation with the total organic carbon(TOC).Although effluent discharges from nearby wastewater treatment plants were identified as important source of PBDEs,other notable sources,including grey water intrusion could contribute to the contamination of the upstream of both rivers.

关键词： PBDEs Bottom sediment Total organic carbon Cape Town

Photo enhanced degradation of contaminants of emerging concern in waste water

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 283-302页

作者： olalekan C.Olatunde Alex T.Kuvarega Damian C.Onwudiwe Material Science Innovation and Modelling(MaSIM)Research Focus Area Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusPrivate Bag X2046Mmabatho2735South Africa Department of Chemistry School of Physical and Chemical SciencesFaculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesNorth-West UniversityMafikeng CampusPrivate Bag X2046Mmabatho2735South Africa Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit College of ScienceEngineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida1709South Africa

Emerging contaminants are posing serious global threats to the environment due to their diversity,recalcitrant nature and *** disturbing is the fact that current wastewater treatment systems do not have the capacity to deal with these class of *** quest to develop new technologies to mitigate the adverse effects of these contaminants has engendered new research interest on photo-enhanced ***-enhanced processes,with the potential of mineralizing environmental pollutants,currently appears to be the main viable technology for dealing with emerging *** process of contaminant degradation could either proceed via oxidation or reduction routes,referred to as advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)and advanced reduction processes(ARPs)***,different processes have been incorporated into a single system in order to explore the synergy that ensue from the combination of these *** processes that are currently at the front line in dealing with various classes of emerging contaminants,whose presence in the environment continues to grow on a daily basis,are the focus of this review.

关键词： Photocatalysis Advanced oxidation processes Advanced reduction process Emerging contaminants Mineralization Waste water

Effects of Planting Methods and Seed Density on Vegetable Yield and Nutrient Composition of Solanum macrocarponand Solanum scabrumin Southwest Nigeria

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1185-1195页

作者： Mary K. Idowu Durodoluwa j. Oyedele Oj. Kolawole Adekunle Oluwole olalekan Akinremi Bob Eilers Department of Crop Production and Protection Faculty of Agriculture Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Management Faculty of Agriculture Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Soil Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada

Two field studies were carried out using Solanum macrocarpon and Solanum scabrum to investigate the effects of planting methods and seed density required for optimum biomass yield and nutrient content in southwest Nigeria. Two planting methods (drilling and broadcasting), and two seed densities (4 and 8 table spoon full) were investigated as a 2×2×3 factorial experiment in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Four seed spoons gave 25.78 kg seeds ha-1 for S. macrocarpon and 20.67 kg·seeds·ha-1 for S. scabrum. Significant highest S. macrocarpon shoots (2.75 kg·m-2) and Ca, K, Fe and Zn contents and S. scabrum (2.95 kg·m-2) and Zn content, were obtained with drilling and four spoons of seeds compared with broadcasting and 8 spoons of seeds. This treatment gave average values for N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ca/P and Na/K ratio were 2.79%, 0.03%, 3.37%, 1.64%, 0.02%, 300 mg·kg-1, 100 mg·kg-1, 300 mg·kg-1, 8 mg·kg-1, 1.22 and 0.008 for S. macrocarpon and 2.05%, 0.27%, 5.81%, 3.27%, 2.91%, 0.09%, 280 mg·kg-1, 52.99 mg·kg-1, 359.35 mg·kg-1 and 22.42 mg·kg-1, 11.63 and 0.016 for S. scabrum. It was concluded that planting in drilling made weeding, fertilizer application, irrigation and harvesting more effective rather than by broadcasting, and four spoons of seeds per 9 m-2 produced deep green and broader leaves and balanced nutrient contents than eight spoons of seeds.

关键词： Solanum macrocarpon Solanum scabrum Planting Method Seed Density and Nutrient Contents

Comparative Study of the Kinetics of Dissolution of Laterite in some Acidic Media

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j.urnal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第15期10卷 1457-1472页

作者： Olushola S. AYANDA Folahan A. ADEKOLA Alafara A. BABA olalekan S. FATOKI Bhekumusa j. XIMBA Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences Cape Peninsula University of Technology P.O. Box 652 Cape Town South Africa. Department of Chemistry University of Ilorin P.M.B 1515 Ilorin Nigeria.

Studies on the kinetics of dissolution of a Nigerian lateritic soil in acids media including hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric acids have been undertaken. The elemental and mineralogical characterization, loss of mass on ignition, moisture content and pH of the material suspension in water were determined. The effects of acid concentration, process temperature, stirring rate and particle size on the dissolution rate were investigated. Experimental results indicated that laterite dissolution was greatly influenced by hydrogen ion concentration and the leaching data fitted a diffusion model. The linear dependence of the rate constant k on 1/ro 2 supported the proposed kinetic model. Values of 60.23 kj.ol-1, 64.31 kj.ol-1 and 67.53 kj.ol-1 were obtained for the activation energies of laterite dissolution in hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric acids respectively;and the order of reaction was approximately one with respect to each of the three acids.

关键词： Lateritic soil Dissolution kinetics Hydrochloric acid Nitric acid Sulphuric acid.

Phenolics extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit inhibits xanthine oxidase and Fe^2+-induced lipid peroxidation in the kidney,liver,and lungs tissues of rats in vitro

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2016年第1期5卷 17-23页

作者： Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi Ganiyu Oboh Samson olalekan Agboola Aline Augusti Boligon Margareth Linde Athayde Biochemistry Unit Department of Biosciences and BiotechnologyKwara State UniversityMaleteP.M.B.1530IlorinNigeria Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit Department of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeriaP.M.B.704Akure 340001Nigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology Biochemistry and PharmacologyUniversity of IbadanNigeria Phytochemical Research Laboratory Department of Industrial PharmacyFederal University of Santa MariaBuilding 26Room 1115Santa Maria CEP 97105-900Brazil

The phenolics composition and inhibitory activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extract on xanthine oxidase(XO)and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in the kidney,liver and lungs tissues of rats were evaluated in ***(flavonoids and phenolic acids)were quantified using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatrography coupled with diode array detection(HPLC-DAD).The XO and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation inhibitory abilities of the extract were evaluated using spectrophotometric *** extract contained some flavonoids and phenolic acids,including catechin,epicatechin,rutin,quercetin,luteolin,apigenin;gallic,chlorogenic,caffeic and ellagic acids that are beneficial to *** extract inhibited XO in the kidney,liver and lungs tissues in a dose-dependent *** half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC50)of the extract on XO from the tissues varied significantly(Pkidney>*** extract also inhibited Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent pattern,having IC50 in the order of liver>lungs>*** fruit extract could be a promising nutraceutical for preventing and managing hyperuricaemia and the associated disease conditions,due to its ability to inhibit XO;this bioactivity is attributable to combined effect of its flavonoids and phenolic acids.

关键词： peroxidation kidney inhibited

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