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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João B.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Contribution of mechanical forces to structural synaptic plasticity:insights from 3D cellular motility mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1995-1996页

作者： Rita o.Teodoro Mafalda Ribeiro Ramos Lara Carvalho iNoVA4Health NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Cells,tissues,and organs are constantly subjected to the action of mechanical forces from the extracellular environment-and the nervous system is no ***-intrinsic properties such as membrane lipid composition,abundance of mechanosensors,and cytoskeletal dynamics make cells more or less likely to sense these *** and extrinsic cues are integrated by cells and this combined information determines the rate and dynamics of membrane protrusion growth or retraction(Yamada and Sixt,2019).Cell protrusions are extensions of the plasma membrane that play crucial roles in diverse contexts such as cell migration and neuronal synapse *** the nervous system,neurons are highly dynamic cells that can change the size and number of their pre-and postsynaptic elements(called synaptic boutons and dendritic spines,respectively),in response to changes in the levels of synaptic activity through a process called *** plasticity is a hallmark of the nervous system and is present throughout our lives,being required for functions like memory formation or the learning of new motor skills(Minegishi et al.,2023;Pillai and Franze,2024).

关键词： plasticity structural mechanisms

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher J.o’Connell Matthew J.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Coarse to Fine: The Role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical Implants - A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana R Mihajlović Bojan I Međo Ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko R Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

Numerical investigation of thermo-physical properties of non-newtonian fliud in a modelled intestine

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2020年第3期5卷 211-221页

作者： S.e.Ibitoye I.K.Adegun P.o.omoniyi T.S.ogedengbe o.o.alabi Department of Mechanical engineering University of IlorinPMB 1515IlorinNigeria Department of Mechanical engineering Elizade UniversityNigeria

Several kinds of researches have been conducted on peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian fluid in modelled oesophagus,stomach and ***,further investigation is still needed es-pecially in the area of mechanical shear stress,the influence of inlet temperature and velocity,Nutsselt number and the history of strain rates experienced by fluid *** study presents the numerical investigation of thermo-physical properties of non-Newtonian fluid in a modelled *** properties investigated were fluid temperature,velocity,Nutsselt number and wall shear *** simulation was performed by solving 3D Navier-Stokes and continuity *** intestinal model was drawn by using Autodesk Inventor 2017 while the numerical investigation was conducted by using ANSYS FLUeNT *** Computational Fluid Dynamics solver employs the Finite element Method(FeM)to discretize the governing ***,Hibiscus Sabdariffa Roselle(Sobo),Soymilk(Soya)and Pap(ogi)were the working fluids used for the *** of the results showed that the variation of fluid temperature and heat transfer with axial position across the length of intestinal model were not significantly influenced by the variation of the inlet *** of the model about the pulsating part enhanced heat transfer and nutrient delivery to the intestinal *** of the inlet velocity did not affect the average Nutsselt *** and Sobo had the highest and lowest Nutsselt number,*** displayed the best fluid properties considering flow behaviour while Soya dis-played the best properties for thermal *** results presented in this study are of countless importance in medical,paramedical,engineering applications,thermoregulation system,ther-motherapy,and biomedical disciplines,where analyses and investigation of gastrointestinal tract history can be understudied.

关键词： Axial position Flow temperature Flow velocity Heat transfer Modelled intestine

Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： H.HoSSeINI o.BALILASHAKI Department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. It is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. In addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

关键词： point source cylindrical cavity porous medium wave-field transformation stress concentration o353.4

effects of co-administration of Ganoderma terpenoid extract with chloroquine on inflammatory markers and antioxidant status in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第6期18卷 522-529页

作者： olarewaju M.oluba oghenerobor B.Akpor Feyikemi D.Adebiyi Sunday J.Josiah olayinka o.alabi Ayoola o.Shoyombo Augustine o.olusola Department of Biochemistry Food Safety&Toxicology Research UnitCollege of Pure&Applied SciencesLandmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara State 251101Nigeria Department of Microbiology College of Pure&Applied SciencesLandmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara State 251101Nigeria Department of Chemical Sciences Joseph Ayo Babalola UniversityIkeji-ArakejiOsun State 233121Nigeria Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Basic Medical SciencesIgbinedion UniversityOkadaEdo State 302110Nigeria Department of Animal Science College of Agricultural SciencesLandmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara State 251101Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Adekunle Ajasin UniversityAkungba AkokoOndo State 342111Nigeria

objective:To understand the protective effects of Ganoderma terpenoid extract(GTe)against Plasmodium berghei-malarial infection in mice,the present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of GTe in combination with chloroquine disulphate(CQ)on erythrocyte-selected inflammatory markers and antioxidant defense status in ***-infected ***:***-infected mice were divided into six groups:infected control(IC)group,administered 1 mL Tween 20;GTe100 and GTe250 groups,administered 100 and 250 mg/kg GTe,respectively;GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups,co-administered 100 and 250 mg/kg GTe plus 30 mg/kg CQ,respectively;and CQ group,administered 30 mg/kg CQ.A separate group of non-infected mice were given 1 m L Tween 20,and served as a normal control group(NC).extract and drug were dissolved in Tween20 and administered orally once daily for 12 consecutive *** the end of the treatment period,mice were anesthetized with chloroform and sacrificed by cervical *** was prepared from blood obtained from each *** evaluated at the end of the treatment period include parasitemia,red blood cell count,hematocrit,malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),superoxide dismutase(SoD),tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-10(IL-10).Results:Infected mice treated with a combination of GTe and CQ(GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups)showed significantly reduced parasitemia levels(Pompared to those administered GTe alone as well as *** improvement in body weight(Po observed in infected mice treated with a combination of GTe and CQ(GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups),compared to mice receiving GTe alone(GTe100 and GTe250 groups).Plasma MDA and TNF-a concentrations were significantly lowered,and IL-10 concentration was significantly increased in GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups,relative to the IC group(Poncentration and SoD,CAT and GPx activities were significantly higher in GT100+

关键词： Ganoderma Terpenes Malaria oxidative stress Antioxidants Anti-inflammatory agents

Deep learning identification of novel autophagic protein-protein interactions and experimental validation of Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer

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oncology research 2025年第1期33卷 67-81页

作者： Xiang Li Wenke Jin Lifeng Wu Huan Wang Xin Xie Wei Huang B o Liu State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China. Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China.

Background:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HeR2, presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies. Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors. In contrast to targeting protein activity, intervention with protein-protein interaction (PPI) can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here, we employed Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC, aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets. Meanwhile, the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay, and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and Co-IP experiments after intersection. Colony formation, cellular immunofluorescence, cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets, we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs. our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation, uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins. Notably, the Co-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1, which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results. Subsequently, investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1, promoted autophagy-dependent cell death, and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) Autophagy Beclin 2 Protein-protein interactions (PPI) Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) Ubiquilin 1

Prevalence and outcome of Preterm Admissions at the Neonatal Unit of a Tertiary Health Centre in Southern Nigeria

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open Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第1期4卷 67-75页

作者： onyaye e. kunle-olowu oliemen Peterside oyedeji o. Adeyemi Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Okolobiri Nigeria

Background: Preterm babies have increased risk of morbidity and mortality which is inversely related to both gestational age and birth weight. Most preterm births result from maternal or foetal medical conditions. objectives: To determine the prevalence and outcome of preterm admissions at the Special Care Baby Unit of the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, as well as theirmorbidity pattern and risk factors for preterm birth. Methodology: All preterm babies admitted from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively studied. Information obtained included gestational age at birth, sex, risk factors for preterm birth, duration of admission, medical problems during admission and outcome. Results: Preterm admissions constituted 24.0% of the total admissions with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. The commonest risk factor for preterm birth was preterm rupture of foetal membranes (46.4%) followed by lack of maternal antenatal care (35.5%) and multiple pregnancy (26.8%) respectively. The commonest medical conditions were respiratory problems in 95 (68.8%) followed by jaundice in 94 (68.1%) and sepsis in 54 (39.1%) of the patients. The case fatality rate was highest in the patients with necrotizing enterocolitis and seizures (66.7%) followed by respiratory problems (63.2%) and bleeding disorders (60.0%). The overall survival rate was 65.9%. The survival rate was significantly higher in the mild preterm category compared to the very preterm and extremely preterm for birth categories χ2 = 29.24, p value = 0.000. Conclusion: Preterms constituted a significant percentage of neonatal admissions at the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital with the case fatality being highest among those with infections and respiratory problems. There is an urgent need for the establishment of a neonatal intensive care unit with facilities for thorough evaluation and management of preterm babies in order to improve survival rate of this vulnerable group of patients.

关键词： Preterm Prevalence outcome Gestational Age Risk Factors Morbidity Mortality