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Blood–brain barrier and laser technology for drug brain delivery

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第5期10卷 27-38页

作者： Oxana v.Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya Arkady S.Abdurashitov Elena I.Saranceva Eketerina G.Borisova Alexander A.Shirokov nikita v.Navolokin Saratov State University 83 Astrakhanskaya Str.Saratov 410012 Russia Institute of Electronics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences TsarigradskoChaussee 72 Sofia 1784Bulgaria Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms Russian Academy of Sciences 13 Prospekt EntuziastovSaratov 410049Russia Saratov State Medical University Saratov 410010 Russia

Here,we discuss an important problem in medicine as development of efctive strategies for brain drug *** problem is related to the blood-brain barrier(BBB),which is a“customs”controlling the entrance of different molecules from blood into the brain protecting the normal function of central nervous system(CNS).We show three interfaces of anatomical side of BBB and two functional types of BBB一physical and transporter *** this protective mechanism is essential for health of CNS,it also creates a hindrance to the entry of drugs into the *** BBB was discovered over 100 years ago but till now,there is no efective methods for brain drug *** ane more than 70 approaches for overcoming BBB incuding physical,chenical and biological techniques but all of these tools have limitation to be widely used in clinical practice due to invasi venes,challenge in performing,very costly or lim-itation of drug *** therapy(PDT)is usual clinical method of surgical navigation for the resection of brain tumor and anti-cancer ***,the application of PDT is considered as a potential promising tool for brain drug delivery via opening of ***,we show the first sucoessful experimental results in this field discussing the adventures and disadv antages of PDT-related BBB disruption as well as altematives to overcome these limitations and possi ble mechanisms with new pathways for brain clearance via gly mphatic and lymphatic systems.

关键词： Blood-brain barrier laser technologies photodynamic therapy brain drug delivery

Therapeutics involved in managing initial and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection:An updated literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第5期15卷 1-14页

作者： vignesh K Nagesh Hadrian Hoang-vu Tran Daniel Elias Izage Kianifar Aguilar Tanni Sethi AiswaryaMenon Charlene Mansour Florchi Furman Kylie Tsotsos Talia Subar Auda Auda Aman Sidiqui JevonLamar nikita Wadhwani Shraboni Dey Abraham Lo Adam Atoot Simcha Weissman Humberto Sifuentes Ayrton I Bangolo Department of Internal Medicine Hackensack Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Gastroenterology Augusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)has been increasing due to the effect of recurrent *** use of antibiotics has been shown to alter the gut microbiome and lead to *** treatment is limited to three major antibiotics;however,the incidence of recurrent CDIs has been increasing and drug resistance is a major *** aspect is a growing concern in modern medicine especially in the elderly population,critical care patients,and immunocompromised individuals who are at high risk of developing *** difficile can lead to various complications including septic shock and fulminant colitis that could prove to be lethal in these *** modalities of treatment have been developed including bezlotoxumab,a monoclonal antibody and fecal microbiota *** have been studies showing asymptomatic carriers and drug resistance posing a major threat to the healthcare *** treatment options are being studied to treat and prevent *** review will provide an insight into the current treatment modalities,prevention and newer modalities of treatment and challenges faced in the treatment of CDIs.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Antibiotics vancomycin Fidaxomicin Prevention Bezlotoxumab Fecal microbiota transplant

Impact of artificial intelligence in the management of esophageal,gastric and colorectal malignancies

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第2期5卷 1-14页

作者： Ayrton Bangolo nikita Wadhwani vignesh K Nagesh Shraboni Dey Hadrian Hoang-vu Tran Izage Kianifar Aguilar Auda Auda Aman Sidiqui Aiswarya Menon Deborah Daoud James Liu Sai Priyanka Pulipaka Blessy George Flor Furman Nareeman Khan Adewale Plumptre Imranjot Sekhon Abraham Lo Simcha Weissman Department of Internal Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States

The incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies has increased over the past decade at an alarming *** and gastric cancers are the third and fifth most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide but are cited as the second and third leading causes of *** institution of appropriate therapy from timely diagnosis can optimize patient *** intelligence(AI)-assisted diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic tools can assist in expeditious diagnosis,treatment planning/response prediction,and post-surgical *** can intercept neoplastic lesions in their primordial stages,accurately flag suspicious and/or inconspicuous lesions with greater accuracy on radiologic,histopathological,and/or endoscopic analyses,and eliminate over-dependence on ***-based models have shown to be on par,and sometimes even outperformed experienced gastroenterologists and *** neural networks(state-of-the-art deep learning models)are powerful computational models,invaluable to the field of precision *** models not only reliably classify images,but also accurately predict response to chemotherapy,tumor recurrence,metastasis,and survival rates *** this systematic review,we analyze the available evidence about the diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic utility of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal oncology.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Gastrointestinal malignancies Machine learning Helicobacter pylori State-of-the-art deep learning models

Preparation of stable colloidal suspensions of superdisintegrants via wet stirred media milling

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Particuology 2014年第3期12卷 76-82页

作者： Mohammad A.Azad Afolawemi Afolabi nikita Patel Rajesh Davé Ecevit Bilgili Otto H.York Department of Chemical Biologicaland Pharmaceutical EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA

Superdisintegrants are cross-linked polymers that can be used as dispersants for fast release of drug nanoparticles from nanocomposite microparticles during in vitro and in vivo dissolution. Currently avail- able superdisintegrant particles have average sizes of approximately 5-130 μm, which are too big for drug nanocomposite applications. Hence, production of stable superdisintegrant suspensions with less than 5 μm particles is desirable. Here, we explore the preparation of colloidal suspensions of anionic and nonionic superdisintegrants using a wet stirred media mill and assess their physical stability. Sodium starch glycolate （SSG） and crospovidone （CP） were selected as representative anionic and nonionic superdisintegrants, and hydroxypropyl cellulose （HPC） and sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） were used as a steric stabilizer and a wetting agent/stabilizer, respectively. Particle sizing, scanning electron microscopy, and zeta potential measurements were used to characterize the suspensions. Colloidal superdisintegrant suspensions were prepared reproducibly. The extensive particle breakage was attributed to the swelling-induced softening in water. SSG suspensions were stable even in the absence of stabilizers, whereas CP suspensions required HPC-SDS for minimizing particle aggregation. These findings were explained by the higher absolute （negative） zeta potential of the suspensions of the anionic superdisintegrant （SSG） as compared with those of the nonionic superdisintegrant （CP）.

关键词： Colloidal suspensions Dispersants Physical stability Superdisintegrants Swelling Wet stirred media milling

Uncovering the Challenges of Faecal Sludge Management in Benin’s Urban Hubs: The Cases of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou

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Experimental repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces deficits in trabecular bone microarchitecture and strength in mice

Journal of Environmental Protection（环境保护） 2024年第7期 767页

作者： nikita Topanou Blaise Agbatchi Gouvidé Jean Gbaguidi Jacques Fatombi Fidèle Paul Tchobo

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Bone Research 2017年第4期5卷 357-366页

作者： Chandrasekhar Kesavan nikita M Bajwa Heather Watt Subburaman Mohan Musculoskeletal Disease Center VA Loma Linda Healthcare SystemLama LindaCAUSA Department of Medicine Loma DndaCAUSA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCAUSA

To evaluate the long-term consequence of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury （mTBI） on bone, mTBI was induced in 10-week-old female C57BL/6J mice using a weight drop model, once per day for 4 consecutive days at different drop heights （0.5, 1 and 1.5 m） and the skeletal phenotype was evaluated at different time points after the impact. In vivo micro-CT （μ-CT） analysis of the tibial metaphysis at 2, 8 and 12 weeks after the impact revealed a 5%-32% reduction in trabecular bone mass. Histomorphometric analyses showed a reduced bone formation rate in the secondary spongiosa ofl.5 m impacted mice at 12 weeks post impact. Apparent modulus （bone strength）, was reduced by 30% （P 〈 0.05） at the proximal tibial metaphysis in the 1.5 m drop height group at 2 and 8 weeks post impact. Ex vivo μ-CT analysis of the fifth lumbar vertebra revealed a significant reduction in trabecular bone mass at 12 weeks of age in all three drop height groups. Serum levels of osteocalcin were decreased by 22%, 15%, and 19% in the 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m drop height groups, respectively, at 2 weeks post impact. Serum IGF-I levels were reduced by 18%-32% in mTBI mice compared to control mice at 2 weeks post impact. Serum osteocalcin and IGF-I levels correlated with trabecular Bv/Tv （r2 = 0.14 and 0.16, P 〈 0.05）. In conclusion, repetitive mTBI exerts significant negative effects on the trabecular bone microarchitecture and bone mechanical properties by influencing osteoblast function via reduced endocrine IGF-I actions.

关键词： IGF TBI Experimental repetitive mild traumatic brain injury induces deficits in trabecular bone microarchitecture and strength in mice

Structural and geochemical features of coal‑bearing sediments and sources of rare element impurities in coals of the Rakovka depression,Primorsky Krai,Russia

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第1期9卷 71-83页

作者： nikita Popov Igor Chekryzhov Irina Tarasenko Sergery Kasatkin Aleksei Kholodov Far East Geological Institute FEB RAS VladivostokRussian Federation

There are known brown coal deposits in Primorsky Krai(Russian Federation),where coals contain rare elements(Ge,U,REE,etc.)up to industrial *** of the known metalliferous coals is the Rakovka coal-bearing depression,located on the southern edge of the Khanka(Prikhankaiskaya)Lowland,with an area of about 70 ***-metal granites with a developed weathering crust are spread in its basement and *** structural conditions forming the depression were studied using measurements of orientations of structural elements(layering,contacts,veins,and dikes)with regard to kinematic conditions of *** coal and host rocks were sampled in sections in the cross strike of the coal *** and dikes cutting them were sampled by separate rock chip *** chemical composition and element content were determined for all *** was found that the adjacent rocks played a major role in the formation of the Rakovka rare-metal-coal *** rare-elements enrichment is not associated with active tectonics,faults,and hydrothermal sources,as was previously ***,it was caused by the hydrogenic and clastogenic removal of these metals from the weathering crust of granites of the depression's flanks and argillated basite dikes cutting the *** hydrogenic nature of the anomalous accumulation of U in sorbed form on organic matter of coals is confirmed by the predominant enrichment of low-ash *** earth elements entered coal seams both in mineral and dissolved forms.A model of REE and uranium input into the coal-bearing sediments of the Rakovka depression was proposed.

关键词： REE Rare metal-coal deposit Accumulation pattern Tectonics

Comparison of CoMoS4/CoMoO4,CoMoS4/CoWO4 and CoMoS4/Co3v2O8 as A New Type of Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

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Comparison of CoMoS4/CoMoO4,CoMoS4/CoWO4 and CoMoS4/Co3V2O8 ...

作者： SAZONOv nikita 兰州理工大学

学位级别：硕士

由于对环境污染的担心和化石能源的消耗,发展可替代的、并且具备高能量密度和功率密度的能量存储/转换装置具有特殊的意义。在众多电源设备中,超级电容器,也称为电化学电容器(ECs),因为其许多可取的属性,吸引了研究者极大的兴趣。即便如... 详细信息

由于对环境污染的担心和化石能源的消耗,发展可替代的、并且具备高能量密度和功率密度的能量存储/转换装置具有特殊的意义。在众多电源设备中,超级电容器,也称为电化学电容器(ECs),因为其许多可取的属性,吸引了研究者极大的兴趣。即便如此,超级电容器想要作为实际应用的能源装置,仍然需要具备高的能量密度和功率密度.就超级电容器的发展现状及动态而言,金属氧化物电极材料具有较大的发展前景和潜力。但在目前的报道中,对CoMoO,CoWO,CovO及CoMoS/材料的超级电容性能的研究仍然很少,而且制备方法比较复杂。其次单一的双金属氧化物性能比较单一,各有优缺点。据此,本文设计了以CoMoS为基体,构筑了CoMoS/CoMoO,CoMoS4/CoWO4 and CoMoS/CovO的复合材料.一、设计制备CoMoS/CoMoO复合材料。采用一步化学法,调控MoO/MoS材料中CoMoS与CoMoO的相对含量,制备出一系列不同形貌的CoMoS/CoMoO电极材料。采用XRD、SEM、TEM-Mapping等测试手段探究MoO/MoS材料的结构形貌特征,分析探CoMoS4/CoMoO4复合电极与纯CoMoS和CoMoO三种电极材料的电化学性能差异.制备的CoMoS/CoMoO纳米复合材料的比电容约为399 F g其倍率性能为80.5%,拥有较好的循环稳定性。二、在研究CoMoS/CoMoO电极材料的基础上,进一步制备并探究CoMoS/CoWO电极材料。采用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对CoMoS/CoWO进行结构和形貌的表征,同时测试其电化学性能,从电负性发面探讨研究CoMoS/CoWO,CoMoS及CoWO的电化学性能及规律。制备的CoMoS/CoWO纳米复合材料的比电容约为528 F g其倍率性能为78.8%,拥有较好的循环稳定性。三、在研究CoMoS/CoMoO及CoMoS/CoWO等钴钼基电极材料的基础上,进一步探究CoMoS/CovO电极材料的电化学性能,制备了CoMoS/CovO,CovO及CoMoS电极材料,采用XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对三种材料进行结构和形貌的表征,同时测试对比这三种材料的其电化学性能,探讨研复合前后CoMoS/CovO,CovO及CoMoS的的电化学性能及规律。制备的CoMoS/CovO纳米复合材料的比电容约为584 F g其倍率性能为84.1%,拥有较好的循环稳定性。

关键词：超级电容器纳米复合材料 CoMoS4/Co3v2O8 CoMoS4/CoMoO4 CoMoS4/CoWO4

Tumor cell death visualization of renal cell carcinoma under the combined effect of the Gratiola officinalis extract and cyclophosphamide using fluorescent staining methods

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2021年第5期4卷 46-52页

作者： Artyom Mylnikov nikita Navolokin Dmitry Mudrak Natalya Polukonova Alla Bucharskaya Galina Maslyakova Saratov State Medical University named after V.I.Razumovsky 112 Bolshaya Kazachia Street Saratov 410012Russia National Research Saratov State University 83 Astrakhanskaya Street Saratov 410012Russia National Research Tomsk State University 36 Lenin Avenue Tomsk 634050Russia

Objective of the study:We used fluorescence imaging methods of apoptosis and necrosis in human renal carcinoma A498 tumor cells in vitro to reveal the indicated forms of cell death under the combined effect of flavonoid-containing extract of Gratiola officinalis and cytostatic(cyclo-phosphamide).Materials and methods:The dyes were propidium iodide and acridine orange,which were used in the"alive and dead"*** test helped us to identify the total number of dead cells in the forms of necrosis and apoptosis and the number of cells in which apoptosis had started,it was characterized by the appearance of apoptotic bodies or nucleus ***:We found the most pronounced cytotoxic activity at the ratio of extract of Gratiola officinalis and cyclophosphamide concentrations of 1∶*** number of living cells decreased when exposed to the ratio of extract and cytostatic concentrations of 2∶*** the ratio of concentration of the extract relative to the cytostatic increased to 3∶1,the cytostatic activity of the extract began to appear,the total number of tumor cells *** number of cells with nucleus pyknosis and the number of cells with apoptosis signs significantly increased at a 3∶1 ratio of extract and cytostatic concentrations,which confirms the presence of pro-apoptotic activity of the studied *** trend indicates the dependence of a certain form of cell death(apoptosis,necrosis)on the ratio of extract and cytostatic doses,and it also demon-strates the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of this ***:Fluorescence methods of investigation in the"alive and dead"test allowed us to visualize the forms of cell death of human kidney carcinoma A498 by combined exposure to the fiavonoid-containing extract of Gratiola officinalis and cytostatic(cyclophosphamide)24 h after *** found that the combination with a concentration ratio of the extract and cyclophosphamide of 3:1 has the greatest effectiveness due to stimulation of t

关键词： A498 cell line Gratiola officinalis extract antitumor activity cytostatic activity flavonoids fluorescent methods kidney cancer