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Concerning the Use of Western Medical Terms to Represent Traditional Chinese Medical Concepts——Answer to Prof. XIE and His Colleagues

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2006年第3期12卷 225-228页

作者： nigel wiseman School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chang Gung University 259 Wenhua 1st Road Guishan Taoyuan County TaiwanChina

This paper strongly rejects the notion that the use of biomedical terms to represent traditional Chinese medical concepts is helpful to the internationalization of Chinese medicine. It further argues that this practice destroys the integrity and independence of Chinese medical concepts. Taking the term 风火眼 fěng huǒ yǎn as an example, it shows that the biomedical term ＂acute conjunctivitis＂ often suggested as the translation for this term is unsatisfactory, because （ 1 ） the clinical reference is not identical, （2） it introduces the concepts of ＂conjunctiva＂ and ＂inflammation＂, which are not Chinese medical concepts, and （3） destroys the Chinese medical concepts ＂wind＂ and ＂fire＂ expressed in the Chinese, which reflect the way the disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated. While for English readers not familiar with Chinese medicine, ＂acute conjunctivitis＂ may be immediately intelligible, for those seeking a deep understanding of the subject, the literal translation （loan translation）＂wind-fire eye＂ is much more helpful. This paper supports these arguments with numerous other examples.

关键词： biomedicized translation literal translation loan translation

就谢教授及其同僚运用西医术语表达中医概念的回复

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中国中西医结合杂志 2006年第8期26卷 746-748页

作者：魏杰长庚大学中医学院

就《中国中西医结合杂志》〔2005;25(11)∶1046—1049〕关于采用西医名词来英译中医概念,将有助于中医之西传与国际化,笔者的观点与谢教授大有出入,并认为这种翻译方法容易破坏中医概念的完整性及独立性。笔者以风火眼为例,说明此种翻... 详细信息

就《中国中西医结合杂志》〔2005;25(11)∶1046—1049〕关于采用西医名词来英译中医概念,将有助于中医之西传与国际化,笔者的观点与谢教授大有出入,并认为这种翻译方法容易破坏中医概念的完整性及独立性。笔者以风火眼为例,说明此种翻译法的缺陷。并认为对于欲深入了解中医的人,还是直译(仿造)译词较有益,并以丰富例词说明这个论点。

关键词：西医化翻译直译仿造

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对《中医药常用名词术语英译》的一些意见

中国中西医结合杂志 2006年第10期26卷 953-955页

作者：魏杰冯晔长庚大学中医学系长庚纪念医院

对谢竹藩教授主编的《中医药常用名词术语英译》(2004)提出一些意见,其主要问题包括:(1)选词不当;(2)不良英语语法和修辞;(3)一词多译;(4)多词一译;(5)过度使用汉语拼音;(6)过度使用现代医学名词术语。

关键词：意见《中医药常用名词术语英译》

Review of "ENGLISH-CHINESE CHINESE-ENGLISH DICTIONARY of CHINESE MEDICINE

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 1996年第4期2卷 304-304页

作者： Ming-Hui Wang nigel wiseman Changsha Hunan Science and Technology Press China

Ｒｅｖｉｅｗｏｆ＂ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨ－ＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＣＨＩＮＥＳＥ－ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨＤＩＣＴＩＯＮＡＲＹｏｆＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＭＥＤＩＣＩＮＥ＂ＥｄｉｔｅｄｂｙＮｉｇｅｌＷｉｓｅｍａｎ，ＨｕｎａｎＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎ... 详细信息

Ｒｅｖｉｅｗｏｆ＂ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨ－ＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＣＨＩＮＥＳＥ－ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨＤＩＣＴＩＯＮＡＲＹｏｆＣＨＩＮＥＳＥＭＥＤＩＣＩＮＥ＂ＥｄｉｔｅｄｂｙＮｉｇｅｌＷｉｓｅｍａｎ，ＨｕｎａｎＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙＰｒｅｓｓ，Ｃｈａｎｇｓ...

关键词： Review of ENGLISH-CHINESE CHINESE-ENGLISH DICTIONARY of CHINESE MEDICINE

中医文化传播战略构建中翻译与出版策略再审视

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环球中医药 2021年第1期14卷 158-161页

作者：王乐鹏蒲晓田刘佚阳魏迺杰北京中医药大学人文学院 100029 山东药品食品职业学院北京联合大学师范学院台湾长庚大学中医学系

目前中医翻译往往以中文母语译者的逆向翻译方式为主,中医术语翻译中套用生物学术语、简化翻译的情况较多,笔者认为中文母语译者的翻译成果对于国外目标读者所需要、易理解、能接受、能认同的方面评估不够准确,而基于以国外医学人士为... 详细信息

目前中医翻译往往以中文母语译者的逆向翻译方式为主,中医术语翻译中套用生物学术语、简化翻译的情况较多,笔者认为中文母语译者的翻译成果对于国外目标读者所需要、易理解、能接受、能认同的方面评估不够准确,而基于以国外医学人士为读者的目标导向,过多地套用生物学术语限制了中医文化传播范围,过度简化翻译也使得中医的文化内涵不能充分展现,这些翻译策略都没有起到准确传播中医的作用,也没有取得很好的传播效果。此外由于中国出版者对中医译作在国外的市场分析不够全面,也影响了中医译作的市场流通。因此,笔者认为若要如中国学术界所期,将中医作为中国文化传播的主力之一,需要对目前的翻译策略做出调整,同时在出版方面也要探求更加有效的中医药图书翻译出版及市场推广方案。

关键词：中医英译文化传播顺向翻译逆向翻译异化翻译同化翻译

Geochemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of granitoids from western Qinling belt: Constraints on basement nature and tectonic affinity

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第2期50卷 184-196页

作者： nigel HARRIS Department of Earth Sciences The Open University Milton Keynes MK7 6AA UK

Geochemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of five Indosinian granitoid intrusions from the western Qinling belt provide insights into basement nature and tectonic affinity. The results show that the western Qinling granitoids incline towards basic in their bulk chemical composition. The granitoids belong to high-K to shoshonitic series with K2O/Na2O=1.04-1.86 and are dominantly metaluminous with A/CNK=0.90-1.05 (most samples have A/CNK of <1.0). They have similar trace elemental compo- sitional patterns. In Sr-Nd isotopic compositions, they display some extent heterogeneity with Isr=0.70682-0.70845, εNd(t)=?4.85 to ?9.17 and TDM=1.26-1.66 Ga. They are characterized by high ra- diogenic Pb isotopic compositions. Their initial Pb isotopic ratios are 206Pb/204Pb=17.996-18.468, 207Pb/204Pb=15.565-15.677 and 208Pb/204Pb=38.082-38.587. Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic composi- tions reveal that magma for the granitoids was derived from partial melting of high-K (Rb) basaltic rocks, which might be formed in 900-1400 Ma. It is suggested that a large amount of the Proterozoic high-K (Rb) basaltic rocks, which underlie the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover, constitute the crustal basement of the western Qinling belt. Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositional comparison between the east- ern Qinling and the western Qinling Indosinian granitoids indicates that the crustal basement of the western Qinling is distinct from that of the eastern Qinling. The Baoji-Chengdu railway close to south-north orientation can be taken as an approximate boundary between both basements. The Pb-Nd isotopic compositional characteristics of the western Qinling granitoids suggest that the basement of the western Qinling belt has an affinity with the Yangtze block.

关键词： granitoid geochemistry basement nature tectonic affinity West Qinling

A cluster line approach to finding new Fe-B-Y-Nb-Zr bulk metallic glasses

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2007年第S1期15卷 26-30页

作者： nigel Pemberton-Pigott State Key Laboratory of Materials Modification Dalian University of Technology

The glass forming ability of the [(Fe12/13Y1/13)100?xBx]96Nb2Zr2 (x=9–26) system was investigated using a series of cluster lines. Three types of clusters, an icosahedron (Fe12Y), a capped Archimedes anti-prism (Fe8B3) and a capped trigonal prism (Fe9B), as well as a binary eutectic (Fe83B17) were considered. Bulk glassy alloy rods of 3 mm in diameter were synthesized using a copper mold suction-casting method. The glass transition temperature was observed for all samples in the boron range of 15.9at%-25.7at%, with the alloy at 15.9at% of boron having the best thermal properties. The ferrous-based bulk metallic glasses (BMG) obtained have high reduced glass transition temperatures with the maximum reaching 0.63 and large supercooled liquid regions with the maximum reaching 111 K. Magnetic testing revealed a large value of coercive force and remanent magnetization, being 11 kA/m and 0.1 T, re- spectively.

关键词： bulk metallic glasses Fe-B-Y-Nb-Zr alloys composition design cluster line

Teasing apart socially-induced infertility in non-reproductive female Damaraland mole-rats, Fukomys damarensis (Rodentia:Bathyergidae)

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第4期6卷 311-320页

作者： nigel C.BENNETT Department of Zoology and Entomology University of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa and Mammals ChairDepartment ofZoologyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The Damaraland mole-rat is a subterranean mammal exhibiting extreme reproductive skew with a single reproductive female in each colony responsible for ***-reproductive female colony members are physiologically suppressed while in the colony,exhibiting reduced concentrations of plasma luteinizing hormone(LH)and a decreased response of the pituitary,as measured by the release of bioactive LH,to an exogenous dose of gonadotrophin releasing hormone(GnRH).Removal of the reproductive female from the colony results in an elevation of LH and an enhanced response of the pituitary to a GnRH challenge in non-reproductive females comparable to reproductive females,implying control of reproduction in these individuals by the reproductive *** Damaraland mole-rat is an ideal model for investigating the physiological and behavioral mechanisms that regulate the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal *** contrast,we know less about the control of reproduction at the level of the *** immunohistochemistry of the GnRH system of both reproductive and non-reproductive female Damaraland mole-rats has revealed no significant differences with respect to morphology,distribution or numbers of immunoreactive GnRH *** examined whether the endogenous opioid peptide beta-endorphin was responsible for the inhibition of the release of the GnRH from the neurons indirectly by measuring LH concentrations in these non-reproductive females following single,hourly and 8 hourly injections of the opioid antagonist *** results imply that the endogenous opioid peptide,beta-endorphin,is not responsible for the inhibition of GnRH release from the perikarya in non-reproductive *** data examining the circulating levels of cortisol also do not support a role for circulating *** possible role of kisspeptin is discussed.

关键词： Bathyergidae mole-rat reproduction social suppression

K-Theory and the Quantization Commutes with Reduction Problem

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2014年第5期35卷 703-732页

作者： nigel HIGSON Yanli SONG Department of Mathematics Pennsylvania State University University Park Department of Mathematics University of TorontoRoom 6290 40 St. George Street Toronto OntarioCanada M5S2E4

The authors examine the quantization commutes with reduction phenomenon for Hamiltonian actions of compact Lie groups on closed symplectic manifolds from the point of view of topological K-theory and K-homology. They develop the machinery of K-theory wrong-way maps in the context of orbifolds and use it to relate the quantization commutes with reduction phenomenon to Bott periodicity and the K-theory formulation of the Weyl character formula.

关键词： Symplectic reduction Quantization K-Theory K-Homology CompactLie groups