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Surgical treatment for liver cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第8期16卷 927-933页

作者： nicole C Tsim Adam E Frampton Nagy A Habib Long R Jiao Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Division of SurgeryHammersmith Hospital campusImperial College London

Primary liver cancer is amongst the commonest tumors worldwide,particularly in parts of the developing world,and is increasing in incidence. Over the past three decades,surgical hepatic resection has evolved from a high risk,resource intensive procedure with limited application,to a safe and commonly performed operation with a range of indications. This article reviews the approach to surgical resection for malignancies such as hepatocellular cancer,metastatic liver de-posits and neuroendocrine tumors. Survival data after resection is also reviewed,as well as indications for curative resection.

关键词： Liver cancer Surgical resection Indications Hepatocellular carcinoma Colorectal liver metastases Neuroendocrine tumors Non-colorectal non-neuroendo-crine

Anabolic steroid abuse causing recurrent hepatic adenomas and hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4573-4575页

作者： nicole M Martin Barham K Abu Dayyeh Raymond T Chung Gastrointestinal Unit Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusetts 02114United States

Anabolic steroid abuse is common among athletes and is associated with a number of medical complications. We describe a case of a 27-year-old male bodybuilder with multiple hepatic adenomas induced by anabolic steroids. He initially presented with tumor hemorrhage and was treated with left lateral hepatic segmentectomy. Regression of the remaining tumors was observed with cessation of steroid use. However, 3 years and a half after his initial hepatic segmentectomy, he presented with recurrent tumor enlargement and intraperitoneal hemorrhage in the setting of steroid abuse relapse. Given his limited hepatic reserve, he was conservatively managed with embolization of the right accessory hepatic artery. This is the first reported case of hepatic adenoma re- growth with recidivistic steroid abuse, complicated by life-threatening hemorrhage. While athletes and bodybuilders are often aware of the legal and social ramifications of steroid abuse, they should continue to be counseled about its serious medical risks.

关键词： Anabolic steroids Adenoma Liver Hemorrhage

Current update on molecular cytogenetics, diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7125-7133页

作者： Mindy X Wang Catherine Devine nicole Segaran Dhakshinamoorthy Ganeshan Department of Diagnostic Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85259United States

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract and are thought to arise from precursors of the interstitial cells of *** can arise anywhere in the GI tract,but most commonly originate from the stomach and small *** majority of GISTs occur as a result of activating mutations in two receptor protein tyrosine kinases:KIT and/or platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α.Mutational analyses allow for predicting patient prognosis and treatment *** presentations can vary from no symptoms,typical in the case of small incidentally found tumors,to GI bleeding,abdominal discomfort,and ulcer-related symptoms when the tumor is *** plays a critical role in the diagnosis and management of these tumors with multiphasic computed tomography serving as the imaging modality of *** resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography can serve as imaging adjuncts in lesion characterization,especially with liver metastases,and subsequent staging and assessment for treatment response or *** resection is the preferred management for small GISTs,while tyrosine kinase inhibitors−imatinib mesylate and sunitinib malate−serve as crucial molecular-targeted therapies for locally advanced and metastatic *** review article highlights the clinical presentation,pathology and molecular cytogenetics,imaging features,and current management of GISTs.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Cytogenetics Diagnostic imaging Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Imatinib mesylate

Digital Earth’s Nervous System for crisis events:real-time Sensor Web Enablement of Volunteered Geographic Information

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第3期3卷 242-259页

作者： Bertrand De Longueville Alessandro Annoni Sven Schade nicole Ostlaender Ceri Whitmore Institute for Environment and Sustainability Joint Research Centrevia E.Fermi1T.P.262Ispra 21020Italy

Digital Earth(DE)is a powerful metaphor for the organisation and access to digital information through a multi-scale three-dimensional representation of the *** progress gave a concrete body to this ***,this body is not yet self-aware:further integration of the temporal and voluntary dimension is needed to better portray the event-based nature of our *** thus aim to extend DE vision with a Nervous System in order to provide decision makers with improved alerting *** applications are foreseen for crisis management,where up-to-date situational awareness is *** it is traditionally built through trusted sources,citizens can play a complementary role by providing geo-referenced information known as Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI).Although workflows have been implemented to create,validate and distribute VGI datasets for various thematic domains,its exploitation in real time and its integration into existing concepts of DE,such as spatial data infrastructures,still needs to be further *** this paper we suggest to bridge this gap through Sensor Web Enablement for VGI,where VGI sensing becomes a sense of the DE’s Nervous *** discuss this approach and its applicability in the context of a forest fire scenario.

关键词： sensor web VGI SDI crisis Digital Earth’s Nervous System

OTX2 stimulates adult retinal ganglion cell regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 690-696页

作者： Raoul Torero Ibad nicole Quenech’du Alain Prochiantz Kenneth L.Moya Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology(CIRB) Collége de FranceCNRS UMR 7241INSERM U1050Labex MemoLifeParis Sciences et Lettres Research UniversityParisFrance

Retinal ganglion cell(RGC) axons provide the only link between the light sensitive and photon transducing neural retina and visual centers of the *** axon degeneration occurs in a number of blinding diseases and the ability to stimulate axon regeneration from surviving ganglion cells could provide the anatomic substrate for restoration of ***2 is a homeoprotein transcription factor expressed in the retina and previous studies showed that,in response to stress,exogenous OTX2 increases the in vitro and in vivo survival of *** we examined and quantified the effects of OTX2 on adult RGC axon regeneration in vitro and in *** results show that exogenous OTX2 stimulates the regrowth of axons from RGCs in cultures of dissociated adult retinal cells and from explants of adult retinal tissue and that RGCs respond directly to OTX2 as regrowth is observed in cultures of purified adult rat ***,after nerve crush in vivo,we observed a positive effect of OTX2 on the number of regenerating axons up to the optic chiasm within 14 days post crush and a very modest level of acuity absent in control *** effect of OTX2 on RGC survival and regeneration is of potential interest for degenerative diseases affecting this cell *** animal procedures were approved by the local "Comié d'éιthique en expérimentation animale n°59" and authorization n° 00702.01 delivered March 28,2014 by the French "Ministére de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche".

关键词： axon regeneration dissociated retinal culture GAP-43 homeoprotein optic nerve crush OTX2 retinal explants retinal ganglion cell

Localization of the hydrogen sulfide and oxytocin systems at the depth of the sulci in a porcine model of acute subdural hematoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2376-2382页

作者： Oscar McCook Angelika Scheuerle nicole Denoix Thomas Kapapa Peter Radermacher Tamara Merz Institute for Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany Department of Neuropathology Ulm University Medical CenterGünzburgGermany Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany Department of Neurosurgery Ulm University Medical CenterUlmGermany

In the porcine model discussed in this review,the acute subdural hematoma was induced by subdural injection of autologous blood over the left parietal cortex,which led to a transient elevation of the intracerebral pressure,measured by bilateral *** hematoma-induced brain injury was associated with albumin extravasation,oxidative stress,reactive astrogliosis and microglial activation in the ipsilateral *** proteins and injury markers were validated to be used for immunohistochemistry of porcine brain *** cerebral expression patterns of oxytocin,oxytocin receptor,cystathionine-γ-lyase and cystathionine-β-synthase were particularly interesting:these four proteins all co-localized at the base of the sulci,where pressure-induced brain injury elicits maximum *** this context,the pig is a very relevant translational model in contrast to the rodent *** structure of the porcine brain is very similar to the human:the presence of gyri and sulci(gyrencephalic brain),white matter to grey matter proportion and tentorium ***,pressure-induced injury in the porcine brain,unlike in the rodent brain,is reflective of the human pathophysiology.

关键词： animal modeling brain edema cystathionine-β-synthase cystathionine-γ-lyase gyrencephalic brain immunohistochemistry intensive care unit large animal model neuromonitoring oxytocin receptor

Verteporfin synergizes the efflcacy of anti-PD-1 in cholangiocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第5期21卷 485-492页

作者： Jianyang Fu nicole A McGrath Jihye Lee Xin Wang Gagandeep Brar Changqing Xie Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA

Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is one of the primary hepatobiliary malignant neoplasms with only 10%of 5-year survival *** immunotherapy with the blockade of immune checkpoints has no clear benefit in *** inhibition of YAP1 signaling by verteporfin has shown encouraging results by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing *** study aimed to evaluate the potential benefit of the combination of verteporfin and anti-programmed cell death 1(PD-1)in CCA mouse ***:We assessed the cytotoxicity of verteporfin in human CCA cell lines in vitro,including both intrahepatic CCA and extrahepatic CCA *** examined the in vitro effect of verteporfin on cell proliferation,apoptosis,and *** evaluated the in vivo efflcacy of verteporfin,anti-PD-1,and a combination of both in subcutaneous CCA mouse ***:Our study showed that verteporfin reduced tumor cell growth and enhanced apoptosis of human CCA tumor cells in vitro in a dose-dependent ***,verteporfin impaired stemness evidenced by reduced spheroid formation and colony formation,decreased numbers of cells with aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and positive cancer stem cell markers(all P<0.05).The combination of verteporfin and anti-PD-1 reduced tumor burden in CCA subcutaneous SB1 tumor model compared to either agent ***:Verteporfin exhibits antitumor effects in both intrahepatic and extrahepatic CCA cell lines and the combination with anti-PD-1 inhibited tumor growth.

关键词： Verteporfin YAP1 Anti-programmed cell death-1 Immunotherapy Cholangiocarcinoma

Are Central and Western Chinese Provinces Catching up with the East？ An Empirical Analysis of Convergence Processes across China

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2017年第4期12卷 571-606页

作者： Marlies Schutz Han Li nicole Palan Graz Schumpeter Centre University of Graz 8010 Graz Austria Institute of Quality Development Strategy Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

Since the Reform and Opening-up policy had been implemented in 1978, China's Mainland has experienced significant economic growth, with GDP rising on an annual average of about 10%. However, this growth miracle was far from being evenly distributed across space. It is, therefore, the aim of this paper to study the evolution of spatial disparities in economic development across the country between 1993 and 2012, a period which is characterized by all provinces having access to international markets and being open for international investors. We seek to answer the question of whether Central and Western Chinese provinces were catching up with the East. We define ＇catching up＇ as a growing similarity among spatial units. Convergence processes might manifest in four dimensions, including （1） the spatial allocation of employment, value added generation and the fixed capital stock, （2） forms of technical change, （3） productivity patterns, and （4） income distribution. Results show that persistent phases of convergence appeared. However, in some cases the catching up of China＇s less developed parts with the flourishing East was limited to only a few Western and Central Chinese provinces. A high degree of path-dependency in economic development prevented catching up from taking place in a more uniform manner.

关键词： catching up convergence process spatial disparities in economic development China

Patterns of fossil distributions within their environmental context from the Middle Triassic in South Canyon,Central Nevada,USA

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2014年第1期3卷 74-89页

作者： Pedro M.Monarrez nicole Bonuso Department of Geological Sciences California State University

The Middle Triassic records the return of diverse marine communities after the severe effects of the end-Permian mass *** diversification leads to the Mesozoic/modern adaptive radiation resulting in substantial changes in marine communities in comparison to their Paleozoic *** analysis focuses on the faunal abundance,ecological patterns,and environmental interpretation of a Middle Triassic section in Central *** bulk samples were *** fossils were identified and tallied from hand samples and thin-sections were used to aid in environmental *** in the Late Anisian,we observed an ammonoid dominated to flat-clam,epifaunal dominated benthic community within a muddy,quiet,inner shelf depositional *** time,epifaunal bivalves dominate within a middle shelf environment followed by an increase in infaunalization and *** this time the presence of oncoids and the reported finding of corals suggest the middle shelf environment gave way to a higher energy patch reef shelf edge ***,we observe epifaunal brachiopods communities at the top of our section deposited in a middle shelf *** sum,we observe the dominance of modern taxa(i.e.,bivalves)with Paleozoic ecologies(i.e.,epifaunal),followed by the dominance of modern taxa with Modern ecologies(i.e.,infaunal,thick shells)and then a return to Paleozoic taxa(i.e.,brachiopods)and Paleozoic ecologies within an overall transgressive environment.

关键词： biotic recovery Middle Triassic Star Peak Group Favret Formation Augusta Mountain Formation