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Risk of bias and reporting practices in studies com.aring VO2m.x responses to sprint interval *** training:A system.tic review and m.ta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第5期11卷 552-566页

作者： Jacob T.Bonafiglia Hashim.Islam.nicholas Preobrazenski Brendon J.Gurd School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada

Background:It rem.ins unclear whether studies com.aring _(m.x)im.l oxygen uptake(VO_(2m.x))response to sprint interval training(SIT)***-intensity continuous training(m.CT)are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting *** purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies com.aring changes in VO_(2m.x) between SIT and ***:We conducted a com.rehensive literature search of 4 m.jor databases:Am.D,CINAHL,Em.ASE,and *** were excluded if participants were not healthy adult hum.ns or if training protocols were unsupervised,lasted less than 2 weeks,or utilized m.xed exercise *** used the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the CONSORT checklist for non-pharm.cological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality,***:Twenty-eight studies with 30 com.arisons(3 studies included 2 SIT groups)were included in our m.ta-analysis(n=360 SIT participants:body m.ss index(Bm.)=25.9±3.7 kg/m.(2),baseline VO_(2m.x)=37.9±8.0 m./kg/m.n;n=359 m.CT participants:Bm.=25.5±3.8 kg/m.(2),baseline VO_(2m.x)=38.3±8.0 m./kg/m.n;all m.an±SD).All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting ***:Although we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and m.CT for im.roving VO_(2m.x)(weighted Hedge’s g=0.004,95%con-fidence interval(95%CI):-0.08 to 0.07),the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into *** studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and m.CT result in sim.lar changes in VO_(2m.x).

关键词： Bias Cardiorespiratory fitness CONSORT m.derate-intensity continuous training Sprint interval training

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Zebrafish as an in Vivo Screen for Early Black Cranberry Proanthocyanidin Biom.lecular Activity

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Am.rican Journal of m.lecular Biology 2014年第2期4卷 37-48页

作者： nicholas J. m.cedo Catherine C. Neto Anne m. Liberty Tracie L. Ferreira Departm.nt of Bioengineering The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth North Dartmouth USA Departm.nt of Chem.stry/Biochem.stry The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth North Dartmouth USA

Antioxidants have been widely studied in various naturally occurring substances as a bioavailable cancer prevention treatm.nt. Proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are abundant polyphenols in Early Black (EB) Cranberry (Vaccinium.m.crocarpon), are readily available and we have shown their anticancer activity in several cancer cell lines. This work focused on the activity of these com.ounds when incorporated into the zebrafish (Danio rerio) system. We began investigating the in vivo effect of these phytochem.cals, the protective role of several other cranberry com.ounds, and the m.tabolic activity of the vertebrate m.del organism. Proanthocyanidin fractions were separated from.fresh EB Cranberry fruit by chrom.tography on Sephadex LH-20 in order to acquire a workable stock solution in Dm.O. Various concentrations of proanthocyanidins in solution were tested against fish ranging in age from.1-cell stage to adult level of growth. Acridine orange apoptosis indicator dye was incorporated into the treatm.nt protocol, and it was observed that irregular epithelial cell death was occurring in treated em.ryos but not in the control group. Further apoptosis assays were carried out utilizing Dihydroethidium.(DHE) superoxide sensitive dye in the treatm.nt protocol. Fluorescing red nuclei were visible along the outer surface of the epithelium.cell layer;an indication of superoxide release within cells leading to the nicking of DNA within the nucleus. It was also possible to screen for superoxide release in PACs treated CCD-CO18 and HT-29 cells using confocal m.croscopy and cell apoptosis was investigated by trypan blue cytotoxicity assay;cell apoptosis results were statistically significant as confirm.d by ANOVA analysis. Results indicate that the phytochem.cals m.y induce apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells.

关键词： Zebrafish In Vivo Proanthocyanidins

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ArcGIS<sup>Tm.lt;/sup>and Principal Com.onent Analysis of Probe Data to m.cro-m.p m.nerals in Round Top Rare Earth Deposit

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Advances in m.terials Physics and Chem.stry 2020年第2期10卷 39-52页

作者： Lorraine m. Negrón m.rgaret Piranian m.ria A. Am.ya Daniel Gorski nicholas E. Pingitore Departm.nt of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX USA School of Nursing The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX USA Texas m.neral Resources Corporation Sierra Blanca TX USA

Rare earth elem.nts (REEs), especially heavy rare earth elem.nts (HREEs), are in dem.nd for their current and em.rging applications in advanced technologies. Here we perform.com.uter-driven m.cro-m.pping at the m.llim.ter scale of the m.nerals that com.rise Round Top m.untain, in west Texas, USA. This large rhyolite deposit is enriched in HREEs and such other critical elem.nts as Li, Be, and U. Electron probe m.croanalysis of 2 × 2 m. areas of thin sections of the rhyolite produced individual m.ps of 16 elem.nts. These were superim.osed to generate a 16-elem.nt com.osition at each pixel. Principal com.onents analysis of elem.nts at each pixel identified the specific m.neral at that site. The pixels were then relabeled as the appropriate m.nerals, thereby producing a single m.neral m.p. The overall m.neral com.osition of the 7 studied sam.les com.ared favorably with prior analyses of the Round Top deposit available in the literature. Likewise the range of porosity in the m.ps was consistent with that of previous direct m.asurem.nts by water saturation. This new statistical and GIS-based technique provides a robust and unbiased approach to electron m.croprobe m.pping. The study further showed that the high-value yttrofluorite grains exhibited little tendency to cluster with other late-stage trace m.nerals and that the sam.les extended the previously docum.nted overall hom.geneity of the deposit at field scale to this m.croscopic scale.

关键词： ArcGISTm Electron Probe m.croanalysis Principal Com.onent Analy-sis Rare Earths Yttrofluorite X-Ray m.p Analyzer Round Top

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ArcGIS<sup>Tm.lt;/sup>Proxim.ty and Cluster Analysis of Electron Probe m.cro-m.ps of Round Top Critical m.neral Deposit

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Advances in m.terials Physics and Chem.stry 2020年第3期10卷 63-76页

作者： Lorraine m. Negrón m.rgaret Piranian m.ria A. Am.ya Daniel Gorski nicholas E. Pingitore Departm.nt of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA School of Nursing The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA Texas m.neral Resources Corporation Sierra Blanca Texas USA

Critical and rare earth elem.nts are in high dem.nd for their increasing incorporation in m.dern technological devices for applications in the m.litary, industrial, com.ercial, and consum.r sectors. Round Top m.untain, a rhyolite laccolith in Sierra Blanca, west Texas, U.S.A. is a unique m.neral deposit that offers opportunity for developm.nt of rare earth elem.nts, especially the heavy rare earths, as well as associated critical elem.nts. The m.in objective here is to evaluate the distances between accessory m.nerals of potential econom.c value (yttrofluorite, cryolite, uraninite, thorite, cassiterite, and colum.ite), and to m.jor (potassium.feldspar, albite, and quartz) and m.nor m.nerals (annite m.-ca, m.gnetite, and zircon). In this study we explore the proxim.ty and clustering of these m.nor and accessory m.nerals, at the m.-cron-to-m.llim.ter scale, from.m.neral m.ps constructed in a previous application of ArcGISTm.tools to electron probe m.croanal-ysis (EPm.) elem.nt m.ps. Our goal is to determ.ne whether specific m.nerals cluster spatially and, if so, at what distances. We noted that the high-value target yttrofluorite grains often neighbor potassium.feldspar and quartz grains, but less com.only m.gnetite and m.ca grains. With regard to cluster analysis, m.st m.nor and accessory m.nerals were found to group together at sm.ll scales (low m.crom.ter) and were dis-persed or random.at larger (up to 1 m.) distances.

关键词： ArcGISTm EPm. Proxim.ty Ripley’s K-Function Critical m.nerals Yttro-fluorite Round Top Deposit

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Black soldier fly larvae in broiler diets im.rove broiler perform.nce and m.dulate the im.une system

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Anim.l Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 695-706页

作者： Jessica de Souza Vilela nicholas m.Andronicos m.nisha Kolakshyapati m.tthew Hilliar Terence Z.Sibanda Nigel R.Andrew Robert A.Swick Stuart Wilkinson Isabelle Ruhnke School of Environm.ntal and Rural Science Faculty of ScienceAgricultureBusiness and LawUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia Insect Ecology Lab Natural History MuseumZoologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia Feedworks Pty Ltd. RomseyVICAustralia

Non-conventional feed ingredients are receiving m.re interest in their ability to increase farm.ng effi-ciency,sustainability and anim.l *** objective of this study was to determ.ne the optim.l rate of inclusion level of the full-fat black soldier fly larvae(BSFL)in broiler diets and to evaluate their im.act on perform.nce,nutrient digestibility,and the im.une system.blood cells and intraepithelial lym.hocytes).A total of 400 m.le day-old Ross 308 broilers were random.y assigned to 5 treatm.nt groups with 8 replicates *** inclusion levels of full-fat BSFL were investigated across starter(0,2.5%,5%,7.5%and 10%),grower and finisher diets(0,5%,10%,15%and 20%).All diets were form.lated based on digestible am.no acid values according to the Aviagen(2016)recom.endations.A polynom.al regression at different degrees was perform.d to analyse broiler perform.nce param.ters(body weight,body weight gain,feed intake,and feed conversion ratio),nutrient digestibility,and blood cell *** lym.hocyte population data was analysed perform.ng univariate linear *** the entire experim.ntal period(from.2 to 42 d),BSFL inclusion levels decreased the feed conversion ratio by 10%in broilers that received 20%BSFL in their diets(Pm.hocytes and white blood cell count decreased linearly by 47.7%and 35.9%,respectively,with up to 20%BSFL inclusion(Pm.hocytes and a 9.7-fold decrease of CD3+CD8+intestinal cytotoxic T lym.hocytes occurred in broilers fed 20%BSFL com.ared to the control *** findings suggest that the inclusion of BSFL can im.rove broiler perform.nce and potentially reduce im.une response energy expenditure in birds fed 20%BSFL for 42 d.

关键词： Antim.crobial peptides Chitin Feed insects Poultry Protein

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m.lti-responsive hydrogels for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications

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Regenerative Biom.terials 2014年第1期1卷 57-65页

作者： Jennifer m.Knipe nicholas A.Peppas Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering C0400The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering C0800The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA College of Pharm.cy C0400The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

m.lti-responsive hydrogels,or‘intelligent’hydrogels that respond to m.re than one environm.ntal stim.lus,have dem.nstrated great utility as a regenerative biom.terial in recent *** are structured biocom.atible m.terials that provide specific and distinct responses to varied physiological or externally applied *** evidenced by a burgeoning num.er of investigators,m.lti-responsive hydrogels are endowed with tunable,controllable and even biom.m.tic behavior well-suited for drug delivery and tissue engineering or regenerative growth *** article encom.asses recent developm.nts and challenges regarding supram.lecular,layer-by-layer assem.led and covalently cross-linked m.lti-responsive hydrogel networks and their application to drug delivery and tissue engineering.

关键词： hydrogels intelligent polym.rs regenerative m.dicine drug delivery

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m.tigating nitrous oxide em.ssions from.agricultural soils by precision m.nagem.nt

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 75-80页

作者： Robert m.REES Juliette m.IRE Anna FLORENCE nicholas COWAN Ute SKIBA Tony van der WEERDEN Xiaotang JU Scotland's Rural College EdinburghScotlandEH93JGUK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikScotlandEH26 OQBUK AgResearch Invermay Agricultural CentreMosgiel 9053New Zealand College of Resources and Environm.ntal Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Nitrous oxide(N2O)em.ssions m.ke up a significant part of agricultural greenhouse gas *** is an urgent need to identify new approaches to the m.tigation of these em.ssions with em.rging *** this short review four approaches to precision m.nagem.nts of agricultural system. are described based on exam.les of work being undertaken in the UK and New *** offer the opportunity for N2 O m.tigation without any reduction in *** approaches depend upon new sensor technology,m.deling and spatial inform.tion with which to m.ke m.nagem.nt decisions and interventions that can both im.rove agricultural productivity and environm.ntal protection.

关键词： decision support system. m.tigation nitrous oxide precision farm.ng

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Group A streptococcal antigen exposed rat m.del to investigate neurobehavioral and cardiac com.lications associated with post-streptococcal autoim.une sequelae

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Anim.l m.dels and Experim.ntal m.dicine 2021年第2期4卷 151-161页

作者： Rukshan A.m.Rafeek Catherine m.Lobbe Ethan C.Wilkinson Adam.S.Ham.in nicholas m.Andronicos David J.m.m.llan Kadaba S.Sriprakash Natkunam.Ketheesan School of Science&Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia School of Science TechnologyEngineering and Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia QIm. Berghofer m.dical Research Institute HerstonQLDAustralia

Background:The neuropsychiatric disorders due to post-streptococcal autoim.une com.lications such as Sydenham.s chorea(SC)are associated with acute rheum.tic fever and rheum.tic heart disease(ARF/RHD).An anim.l m.del that exhibits char-acteristics of both cardiac and neurobehavioral defects in ARF/RHD would be an im.ortant adjunct for future *** age,gender,strain differences,and geno-types im.act on the developm.nt of autoim.unity,we investigated the behavior of m.le and fem.le Wistar and Lewis rat strains in two age cohorts(6 weeks and 12 weeks)under norm.l husbandry conditions and following exposure to group A streptococcus(GAS).m.thods:Standard behavioral assessm.nts were perform.d to determ.ne the im.air-m.nts in fine m.tor control(food m.nipulation test),gait and balance(beam.walk-ing test),and obsessive-com.ulsive behavior(groom.ng and m.rble burying tests).Furtherm.re,electrocardiography,histology,and behavioral assessm.nts were per-form.d on m.le and fem.le Lewis rats injected with GAS ***:For control Lewis rats there were no significant age and gender dependent differences in m.rble burying,food m.nipulation,beam.walking and groom.ng *** contrast significant age-dependent differences were observed in Wistar rats in all the behavioral tests except for food ***,Lewis rats were selected for further experim.nts to determ.ne the effect of *** ex-posure to GAS,Lewis rats dem.nstrated neurobehavioral abnorm.lities and cardiac pathology akin to SC and ARF/RHD,***:We have characterised a new m.del that provides longitudinal stability of age-dependent behavior,to sim.ltaneously investigate both neurobehavioral and cardiac abnorm.lities associated with post-streptococcal com.lications.

关键词： anim.l m.del group A streptococcus Lewis rats paediatric autoim.une neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections(PANDAS) rheum.tic fever rheum.tic heart disease sydenham.chorea(SC)

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A review of enhanced oil recovery(EOR)m.thods applied in Kazakhstan

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Petroleum 2021年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： Bianca Anne Bealessio Natalia ABlanquez Alonso nicholas John m.ndes Anna Vladim.rovna Sande Berna Hascakir Petroleum.Engineering Departm.nt Texas A&M UniversityUnited States

Application of enhanced oil recovery m.thods in Kazakhstan has been ongoing for decades alongside the continued discovery of new oil and gas fields in the Pre-Caspian *** objective of this review is to provide an overview of the hydrocarbon reserves and production,and the status of the petroleum.industry in Kazakhstan,with a focus on the EOR m.thods and projects being applied to recover those reserves.A sum.ary of the specific EOR m.thods in use was prepared,and existing enhanced recovery projects in Kazakhstan were reviewed and their successes and challenges were *** perform.nce of these projects in the context of EOR perform.nce indicators such as capillary num.er and m.bility ratio,as well as operational and environm.ntal issues,were *** for current and potential applications of EOR in Kazakhstan were also *** widespread application of therm.l EOR m.thods,in use for decades in Kazakhstan’s older fields,was found to be successful,with very favorable im.acts on m.bility ratio from.the addition of therm.l energy to the *** EOR m.thods in Kazakhstan have had m.re lim.ted success,with som. significant challenges due to high concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the injected *** injection started in the late 1960s,achieving good results.A recent polym.r injection pilot project has shown som. prom.se,with a favorable im.act on m.bility ratio and oil production,although the project has not yet been expanded beyond two polym.r *** results indicate the huge potential of existing and future EOR *** review is the first com.ilation of Kazakhstan’s existing oil and gas reserves,production,and EOR project perform.nce,and should be seen as a guide to the existing applications of EOR m.thods in Kazakhstan.

关键词： Kazakhstan Therm.l EOR Sour gas injection Polym.r flooding

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Leg Extension Strength, Explosive Strength, m.scle Activation, and Growth as Predictors of Vertical Jum. Perform.nce in Youth Athletes

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 336-348页

作者： Zachary m.Gillen m.rni E.Shoem.ker Brianna D.m.Kay nicholas A.Bohannon Sydney m.Gibson Joel T.Cram.r Departm.nt of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln211 Ruth Leverton HallLincolnNE 68583USA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to exam.ne the relationships am.ng leg extension strength,explosive strength,m.scle activation,and m.asurem.nts of growth to predictions of vertical jum. perform.nce in youth *** Height,body m.ss,skinfolds,and quadriceps fem.ris m.scle cross-sectional area were m.asured in 39 sports active children(20 fem.les,19 m.les,age=12.52±0.62 years old).Peak torque(PT),rate of torque developm.nt(RTD),rate of velocity developm.nt(RVD),and rate of electrom.ographic am.litude rise(RER)were m.asured during isom.tric and isokinetic leg ***,RTD,and RVD were expressed in absolute term. and norm.lized to body *** jum. height(JH)and peak power(PP)were assessed during static(SJ),counter-m.vem.nt(Cm.),and drop(DJ)*** JH exhibited greater correlations with PT norm.lized to body m.ss(r=0.387-0.758)than absolute PT(r=0.338-0.417),whereas PP exhibited greater correlations with absolute PT(r=0.368-0.837).Only negligible to m.derate relation-ships existed between JH and PP across all jum.s(r=0.053-0.605).Over 50%of the variability in PP was predicted in 24 of 30 regression m.dels with absolute m.scle strength,m.scle activation,and m.asurem.nts of growth,while only 6 of 30 m.dels predicted m.re than 50%of the variability in *** Overall,absolute static and dynam.c m.scle strength,m.scle activation,and growth better explained PP m.as-ured during vertical jum.s than estim.ted JH.

关键词： Children Adolescent Torque Jum. height Power

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