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Predicting phosphorus sorption isotherm parameters in soil using data of routine laboratory tests

Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 694-704页

作者： Kathleen S.DUNNE nicholas M.hOLDEN Karen DALY Teagasc Johnstown CastleEnvironmental Research CentreCo.Wexford Y35TC97(Ireland) UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4 D04VIW8(Ireland)

Knowledge of phosphorus(P)sorption dynamics across different soil types could direct agronomic and environmental management of *** objective of this study was to predict P isotherm parameters for a national soil population using data of routine laboratory *** and Freundlich sorption parameters were calculated from two different ranges(0-25 and 0-50 mg P L^(-1))using an archive of representative agricultural soil types from *** linear regression(MLR)identified labile forms of aluminium(Al)and iron(Fe),organic matter(OM),cation exchange capacity(CEC),and clay as significant *** and Freundlich sorption capacities,Freundlich affinity constant,and Langmuir buffer capacity were predicted reliably,with R^(2) of independent validation>*** isotherm parameters were predicted from P sorbed at a single concentration of 50 mg P L^(-1)(S_(50)).An MLR prediction of P sorption maximum in the 0-50 mg P L-1 range was achieved,to an accurate standard,using S_(50),OM,and Mehlich-3 Fe(R^(2) of independent calibration and validation being 0.91 and 0.95,respectively).Using Giles’four shapes of isotherms(C,L,h,and S),L non-strict-and C-shaped isotherm curves accounted for 64% and 27% of the soils,*** clustering identified a separation of isotherm curves influenced by two ranges of Mehlich-3 *** with a low range of Mehlich-3 Al(2.5-698 mg kg^(-1))had no incidence of rapid sorption(C shape).Single point indices,Al,or available soil data make the regression approach a feasible way of predicting Langmuir parameters that could be included with standard agronomic soil P testing.

关键词： available phosphorus binding fertilizer soil test sorption maximum

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Role of c-Myc in lung cancer:Progress,challenges,and prospects

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2023年第3期1卷 129-138页

作者： nicholas J.Wallbillich hua Lu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Tulane Cancer Center Tulane University School of Medicine1700 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** the recent advances in cancer therapies,the 5-year survival of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients hovers around 20%.Inherent and acquired resistance to therapies(including radiation,chemotherapies,targeted drugs,and combination therapies)has become a significant obstacle in the successful treatment of NSCLC.c-Myc,one of the critical oncoproteins,has been shown to be heavily associated with the malignant cancer phenotype,including rapid proliferation,metastasis,and chemoresistance across multiple cancer *** c-Myc proto-oncogene is amplified in small cell lung cancers(SCLCs)and overexpressed in over 50%of NSCLCs.c-Myc is known to actively regulate the tran-scription of cancer stemness genes that are recognized as major contributors to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance;thus,targeting c-Myc either directly or indirectly in mitigation of the cancer stemness phenotype be-comes a promising approach for development of a new strategy against drug resistant lung *** review will summarize what is currently known about the mechanisms underlying c-Myc regulation of cancer stemness and its involvement in drug resistance and offer an overview on the current progress and future prospects in therapeutically targeting c-Myc in both SCLC and NSCLC.

关键词： Cancer dormancy Cancer stem cells c-Myc Drug resistance Epidermal growth factor receptor Lung cancer Non-small cell lung cancer Small cell lung cancer

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Designing the new generation of intelligent biocompatible carriers for protein and peptide delivery

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第2期8卷 147-164页

作者： Angela M.Wagner Margaret P.Gran nicholas A.Peppas McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Institute for Biomaterials Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine The University of Texas at Austin Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Department of Pediatrics Dell Medical School The University of Texas at Austin Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care Dell Medical School The University of Texas at Austin Division of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin

Therapeutic proteins and peptides have revolutionized treatment for a number of diseases, and the expected increase in macromolecule-based therapies brings a new set of challenges for the pharmaceutics field. Due to their poor stability, large molecular weight, and poor transport properties,therapeutic proteins and peptides are predominantly limited to parenteral administration. The short serum half-lives typically require frequent injections to maintain an effective dose, and patient compliance is a growing issue as therapeutic protein treatments become more widely available. A number of studies have underscored the relationship of subcutaneous injections with patient non-adherence, estimating that over half of insulin-dependent adults intentionally skip injections. The development of oral formulations has the potential to address some issues associated with non-adherence including the interference with daily activities, embarrassment, and injection pain. Oral delivery can also help to eliminate the adverse effects and scar tissue buildup associated with repeated injections. however, there are several major challenges associated with oral delivery of proteins and peptides, such as the instability in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract, low permeability, and a narrow absorption window in the intestine. This review provides a detailed overview of the oral delivery route and associated challenges. Recent advances in formulation and drugdelivery technologies to enhance bioavailability are discussed, including the co-administration of compounds to alter conditions in the GI tract, the modification of the macromolecule physicochemical properties, and the use of improved targeted and controlled release carriers.

关键词： Oral delivery hydrogels Protein delivery Peptide delivery Carbohydrates Mucoadhesion

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Interference from hONO in the measurement of ambient air NO2 via photolytic conversion and quantification of NO

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 184-193页

作者： nicholas J.Gingerysty Charles A.Odame-Ankrah Nick Jordan hans D.Osthoff Department of Chemistry University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 1N4Canada Global Analyzer Systems Ltd. Calgary AB T2E 7L6Canada

The reference method to quantify mixing ratios of the criteria air pollutant nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)) is NO-O_(3) chemiluminescence(CL), in which mixing ratios of nitric oxide(NO) are measured by sampling ambient air directly, and mixing ratios of NO_(x)(= sum of NO and NO_(2))are measured by converting NO_(2) to NO using, for example, heated molybdenum catalyst or,more selectively, photolytic conversion(P-CL).In this work, the nitrous acid(hONO) interference in the measurement of NO_(2) by P-CL was *** with two photolytic NO2 converters are *** first used radiation centered at 395 nm, a wavelength region commonly utilized in *** second used light at 415 nm, where the overlap with the hONO absorption spectrum and hence its photolysis rate are *** ratios of NO_(2),NO_(x) and hONO entering and exiting the converters were quantified by Thermal Dissociation Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy(TD-CRDS).Both converters exhibited high NO_(2) conversion efficiency(CF_(NO2);> 90%) and partial conversion of *** of CF against flow rate were consistent with photolysis frequencies of 4.2 s^(-1) and 2.9 s^(-1) for NO_(2) and 0.25 s^(-1) and 0.10 s^(-1) for hONO at 395 nm and 415 nm, *** larger than predicted from the overlap of the emission and hONO absorption *** results imply that measurements of NO2 by P-CL marginally but systematically overestimate true NO_(2) concentrations,and that this interference should be considered in environments with high hONO:NO_(2) ratios such as the marine boundary layer or in biomass burning plumes.

关键词： Photolytic conversion of NO_(2) hONO interference

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Defining response to radiotherapy in rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological scales

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第37期22卷 8414-8434页

作者： Muhammed RS Siddiqui Jemma Bhoday nicholas J Battersby Manish Chand nicholas P West Al-Mutaz Abulafi Paris P Tekkis Gina Brown Department of Colorectal Surgery Croydon University Hospital Croydon London CR7 7YE United Kingdom Department of Radiology Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton SM2 5PT United Kingdom Pathology and Tumour Biology Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology St. James's University Hospital Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom Department of Surgery Royal Marsden Hospital Fulham Rd London SM2 5PT United Kingdom

AIM To define good and poor regression using pathology and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) regression scales after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for rectal *** A systematic review was performed on all studies up to December 2015, without language restriction, t h a t w e r e i d e n t i f i e d f r o m M E D L I N E, C o c h r a n e Controlled Trials Register(1960-2015), and EMBASE(1991-2015). Searches were performed of article bibliographies and conference abstracts. MeS h and text words used included "tumour regression", "mr TRG", "poor response" and "colorectal cancers". Clinical studies using either MRI or histopathological tumour regression grade(TRG) scales to define good and poor responders were included in relation to outcomes [local recurrence(LR), distant recurrence(DR), disease-free survival(DFS), and overall survival(OS)]. There was no age restriction or stage of cancer restriction for patient inclusion. Data were extracted by two authors working independently and using pre-defined outcome *** Quantitative data(prevalence) were extracted and analysed according to meta-analytical techniques using comprehensive meta-analysis. Qualitative data(LR, DR, DFS and OS) were presented as ranges. The overall proportion of poor responders after neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) was 37.7%(95%CI: 30.1-45.8). There were 19 different reported histopathological scales and one MRI regression scale(mrT RG). Clinical studies used nine and six histopathological scales for poor and good responders, respectively. All studies using MRI to define good and poor response used one scale. The most common histopathological definition for good response was the Mandard grades 1 and 2 or Dworak grades 3 and 4; Mandard 3, 4 and 5 and Dworak 0, 1 and 2 were used for poor response. For histopathological grades, the 5-year outcomes for poor responders were LR 3.4%-4.3%, DR 14.3%-20.3%, DFS 61.7%-68.1% and OS 60.7-69.1. Good pathological response 5-year outcomes were LR

关键词： Tumour regression mrT RG Poor response Neo-adjuvant therapy Rectal cancer

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Themis regulates metabolic signaling and effector functions in CD4^(+) T cells by controlling NFAT nuclear translocation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2249-2261页

作者： Mukul Prasad Joanna Brzostek Namrata Gautam Renu Balyan Vasily Rybakin nicholas R.J.Gascoigne Translational Immunology Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore h.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute TampaFLUSA Torque Therapeutics CambridgeMAUSA

Themis is a T cell lineage-specific molecule that is involved in TCR signal *** effects of germline Themis deletion on peripheral CD4^(+)T cell function have not been described *** this study,we found that Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells had poor proliferative responses,reduced cytokine production in vitro and weaker inflammatory potential,as measured by their ability to cause colitis in *** T cells are quiescent,whereas activated T cells have high metabolic *** of these metabolic demands depends upon nutrient availability and upregulation of nutrient intake channels after efficient TCR signal transduction,which leads to metabolic reprogramming in T *** tested whether defects in effector functions were caused by impaired metabolic shifts in Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells due to inefficient TCR signal transduction,in turn caused by the lack of *** found that upon TCR stimulation,Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells were unable to upregulate the expression of insulin receptor(IR),glucose transporter(GLUT1),the neutral amino acid transporter CD98 and the mTOR pathway,as measured by c-Myc and pS6 *** analysis of activated Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells showed more oxidative phosphorylation(OXPhOS)than aerobic glycolysis,indicating defective metabolic ***,we found reduced NFAT translocation in Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells upon TCR *** previously reported ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data,we found that NFAT nuclear translocation controls IR gene ***,our results describe an internal circuit between TCR signal transduction,NFAT nuclear translocation,and metabolic signaling in CD4^(+)T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism NFAT nuclear translocation Insulin receptor mTOR Mitochondria

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AUTORADIOGRAPhIC STUDY OF ThE ATTRITION OF MIGRATING SChISTOSOMULA IN ThE SKIN OF MICE *** ChALLENGED WITh NORMAL *** CERCARIAE AFTER IMMUNIZATION WITh hIGhLY IRRADIATED CERCARIAE

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 1990年第1期8卷 30-36页

作者： S.Y.Li hsu h.F.hsu J.W.osborne W.R.Clarke C.K.hawk Y.Ohnishi College of Medicine University of IowaIowaUSA

The migratory pattern and attrition of75Se-labelled *** challenge cercariae in CF1mice immunized 0,1,3, or 5 times with 12kR-or 48kR-irradiated cercariae were investigatedby compressed organ *** were percutaneously inoculated with 500-1000 cer-cariae for each immunization and with a known count of approximately 90 cercariae at adifferent site for *** skin,lungs,liver,other organs,and catrcass were processedfor *** and mesenteric perfusions for worm collection were alsosampled from day 19 through *** naive tnice,25% of challenge cercariae died in *** attrition of challenge cercariae in mice immunized with 12kR-irradiated cercariaewas 43% with 1 immunization,54% with 3,and 58% with 5,whereas in mice immunized with48kR-irradiated cercariae,skin,attrition was48% with 1,63% with 3,and 76% with 5 *** all immunized mice,a high percentage of migrating sehistosomula died in the skinwithin 24 hours of a challenge *** autoradiography,it was found that thesilver foci created by single labelled worms were difficult to differentiate from those of *** study documents the induction of acquired resistance against a challenge infectionin the skin by vaccination with highly irradiated cercariae,with the degree of attemtation ofimmunizing cercariae and the number of immunizations being closely related to the *** in the ***,we discuss the contradictory views concerning the site of attritiotn ofchallenge cercariae.

关键词： autoradiography attrition—challenge cercariae immunization—highly X-irradiated cercariae Schistosoma mansoni

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A Bayesian Inference Approach to Reduce Uncertainty in Magnetotelluric Inversion: A Synthetic Case Study

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第2期7卷 62-75页

作者： osborne Kachaje Liangjun Yan Zhou Zhang School of Geophysics Yangtze University Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Yangtze University Wuhan China Depertment of Physics and Biochemical Sciences University of Malawi Blantyre Malawi State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The deterministic geophysical inversion methods are dominant when inverting magnetotelluric data whereby its results largely depends on the assumed initial model and only a single representative solution is obtained. A common problem to this approach is that all inversion techniques suffer from non-uniqueness since all model solutions are subjected to errors, under-determination and uncertainty. A statistical approach in nature is a possible solution to this problem as it can provide extensive information about unknown parameters. In this paper, we developed a 1D Bayesian inversion code based Metropolis-hastings algorithm whereby the uncertainty of the earth model parameters were quantified by examining the posterior model distribution. As a test, we applied the inversion algorithm to synthetic model data obtained from available literature based on a three layer model (K, h, A and Q). The frequency for the magnetotelluric impedance data was generated from 0.01 to 100 hz. A 5% Gaussian noise was added at each frequency in order to simulate errors to the synthetic results. The developed algorithm has been successfully applied to all types of models and results obtained have demonstrated a good compatibility with the initial synthetic model data.

关键词： Bayesian Inversion Magnetotellurics MCMC Metropolis-hastings Uncertainty

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Size-Dependent Joule heating of Gold Nanoparticles Using Capacitively Coupled Radiofrequency Fields

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Nano Research 2009年第5期2卷 400-405页

作者： Christine h.Moran Sean M.Wainerdi Tonya K.Cherukuri Carter Kittrell Benjamin J.Wiley Nolan W.nicholas Steven A.Curley John S.Kanzius Paul Cherukuri Department of Bioengineering Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 7005USA Department of Surgical Oncology MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe BlvdBox 107HoustonTX 77030USA Department of Bioengineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Chemistry and Richard E.Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University12 Oxford StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Physics and Richard E.Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Experimental Therapeutics MD Anderson Cancer Center1515 Holcombe BlvdBox 107HoustonTX77030USA

Capacitively coupled shortwave radiofrequency fields(13.56 Mhz)resistively heat low concentrations(~1 ppm)of gold nanoparticles with a thermal power dissipation of~380 kW/g of *** diameter gold nanoparticles(heat at nearly twice the rate of larger diameter gold nanoparticles(≥50 nm),which is attributed to the higher resistivity of smaller gold nanostructures.A Joule heating model has been developed to explain this phenomenon and provides critical insights into the rational design and engineering of nanoscale materials for noninvasive thermal therapy of cancer.

关键词： Resistivity radiofrequency gold nanoparticles cancer thermal

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对话的逻辑

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作者： ( )nicholas·Asher ( )Alex·Lascarides

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