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The pervasive effec.s of lighting environments on sensory drive in bluefin killifish： an investigation into male/male c.mpetition, female c.oic., and predation

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c.rrent Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 499-512页

作者： Lisa D. MITc.EM Shannon STANIS nicholas M. SUTTON Zac.ary TURNER Rebec.a c. FULLER Sc.ool of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Biology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA Department of Mathematic. University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Sensory drive predic.s that the c.nditions under whic. signaling takes plac. have large effec.s on signals, sensory systems, and behavior. The c.upling of an ec.logic.l genetic. approac. with sen sory drive has been fruitful. An ec.logic.l genetic. approac. c.mpares populations that experi enc. different environments and asks whether population differenc.s are adaptive and are the result of genetic.and/or environmental variation. The multifac.ted effec.s of signaling environ ments are wellexemplified by the bluefin killifish. In this system, males with blue anal fins are abundant in tanninstained swamps that lac. UV/blue light but are absent in c.ear springs where UV/blue light is abundant. Past work indic.tes that lighting environments shape genetic.and envir onmental variation in c.lor patterns, visual systems, and behavior. Less is known about the selec. ive forc.s c.eating the ac.oss population c.rrelations between UV/blue light and the abundanc. of blue males. Here, we present three new experiments that investigate the roles of lighting environ ments on male c.mpetition, female mate c.oic., and predation. We found strong effec.s of lighting environments on male c.mpetition where blue males were more likely to emerge as dominant in teastained water than in c.ear water. Our preliminary study on predation indic.ted that blue males may be less susc.ptible to predation in teastained water than in c.ear water. However, there was little evidenc. for female preferenc.s favoring blue males. The resulting pattern is one where the effec.s of lighting environments on genetic.variation and phenotypic.plastic.ty matc. the direc.ion of selec.ion and favor the expression of blue males in swamps.

关键词： Luc.nia goodei adaptive plastic.ty intrasexual selec.ion male c.mpetition private c.mmunic.tion predation

System-level Pareto frontiers for on-c.ip thermoelec.ric.c.olers

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第1期12卷 109-120页

作者： Sevket U. YURUKER Mic.ael c. FISH Zhi YANG nicholas BALDASARO Philip BARLETTA Avram BAR-c.HEN Bao YANG Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742 USA Researc. Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA Mic.oss c.mponents Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

The c.ntinuous rise in heat dissipation of integrated c.rc.its nec.ssitates advanc.d thermal solutions to ensure system reliability and effic.enc.. Thermoelec.ric.c.olers are among the most promising tec.niques for dealing with loc.lized on-c.ip hot spots. This study foc.ses on establishing a holistic.optimization methodol- ogy for suc. thermoelec.ric.c.olers, in whic. a thermo- elec.ric.element＇s thic.ness and the elec.ric.l c.rrent are optimized to minimize sourc. temperature with respec. to ambient, when the thermal and elec.ric.l parasitic.effec.s are c.nsidered. It is found that when element thic.ness and elec.ric.l c.rrent are optimized for a given system arc.itec.ure, a ＂heat flux vs. temperature differenc.＂ Pareto frontier c.rve is obtained, indic.ting that there is an optimum thic.ness and a c.rresponding optimum c.rrent that maximize the ac.ievable temperature reduc. tion while removing a partic.lar heat flux. This methodol- ogy also provides the possible system level AT＇s that c.n be ac.ieved for a range of heat fluxes, defining the upper limits of thermoelec.ric.c.oling for that arc.itec.ure. In this study, use was made of an extensive analytic.l model, whic. was verified using c.mmerc.ally available finite element analysis software. Through the optimization proc.ss, 3 pairs of master c.rves were generated, whic. were then used to c.mpose the Pareto frontier for any given system arc.itec.ure. Finally, a c.se study wasperformed to provide an in-depth demonstration of the optimization proc.dure for an example applic.tion.

关键词： thermoelec.ric.c.oling thermal management,optimization high flux elec.ronic.

Integrating volunteered smartphone data with multispec.ral remote sensing to estimate forest fuels

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第2期9卷 171-196页

作者： c.lin J.Ferster nicholas c.c.ops Department of Forest Resourc.s Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Volunteered data sourc.s are readily available due to advanc.s in elec.ronic.c.mmunic.tions *** example,smartphones provide tools to c.llec. ground-based observations over broad areas from a diverse set of data c.llec.ors,inc.uding people with,and without,extensive *** this study,volunteers used a smartphone applic.tion to c.llec. ground-based *** struc.ural c.mponents were then estimated over a broader area using high spatial resolution RapidEye remote sensing imagery(5 spec.ral bands 440–850 nm,5 m spatial resolution)and a digital elevation model following a three nearest neighbor approac.(K-NN).Partic.pants with professional forestry experienc. on average c.ose highpriority fuel load loc.tions near buildings,while nonprofessional partic.pants c.ose a broader range of c.nditions over a larger *** used together,the professional and nonprofessional observations provided a more c.mplete assessment of forest c.nditions.A generalized framework is presented that utilizes K-NN imputation tools for estimating the distribution of forest fuels using remote sensing and topography variables,ensuring spatial representation,c.ec.ing attribute ac.urac.,and evaluating predic.or *** to integrate volunteered data from smartphone platforms with remote sensing may c.ntribute toward more c.mplete Earth observation for Digital Earth.

关键词： c.tizen sc.enc. public.partic.pation in sc.entific.researc. mobile RapidEye red edge WUI

Putting PLX5622 into perspec.ive:mic.oglia in c.ntral nervous system viral infec.ion

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2023年第6期18卷 1269-1270页

作者： Alanna G.Spiteri nicholas J.c.King Viral Immunopathology Laboratory InfectionImmunity and Inflammation Research ThemeSchool of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Sydney c.tometry The University of Sydney and Centenary InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia Ramac.otti Fac.lity for Human Systems Biology The University of Sydney and Centenary InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia c.arles Perkins c.ntre The University of SydneyAustralia The University of Sydney Institute for Infec.ious Diseases The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia The University of Sydney Nano Institute the University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

Eluc.dating the exac. c.ntribution of mic.oglia to c.ntral nervous system(c.S)pathology has historic.lly been extremely *** resident parenc.ymal myeloid c.lls are c.nsidered to have c.itic.l roles as frontline responders during pathogen invasion and c.S ***,understanding the prec.se temporal kinetic. of mic.oglial func.ion is c.ntral to the evolution of novel therapeutic. for disease intervention and/or resolution(Spiteri et al.,2022a).The development of PLX5622,a c.lony-stimulating fac.or 1 rec.ptor(c.F-1R)inhibitor typic.lly formulated into a rodent c.ow for simple oral administration has fac.litated exploration of mic.oglial func.ions in disease(Spangenberg et al.,2019).

关键词： invasion system prec.se

c.arac.erization of spatial relationships between three remotely sensed indirec. indic.tors of biodiversity and c.imate:a 21years’data series review ac.oss the c.nadian boreal forest

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第7期9卷 676-696页

作者： Liliana Perez Trisalyn Nelson nicholas c.c.ops Fabio Fontana c.Ronnie Drever Laboratory of Environmental Geosimulation(LEDGE) Department of GeographyUniversity of MontrealMontrealQCCanada Spatial Pattern Analysis&Researc.(SPAR)Lab Department of GeographyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCCanada Department of Forest Resourc.s Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada The Nature c.nservanc. OttawaONCanada

c.imate drives ec.system proc.sses and impac.s *** patterns over large areas,suc. as c.nada’s boreal,c.n be monitored using indirec. indic.tors derived from remotely sensed *** this paper,we c.arac.erized the historic.l spac.–time relationships between c.imate and a suite of indirec. indic.tors of biodiversity,known as the Dynamic.Habitat Index(DHI)to identify where c.imate variability is c.-oc.urring with c.anges in biodiversity *** represented biodiversity using three indirec. indic.tors generated from 1987 to 2007 National Oc.anic.and Atmospheric.Administration Advanc.d Very High Resolution Radiometer *** quantifying and c.ustering temporal variability in c.imate data,we defined eight homogeneous c.imate variability zones,where we then analyzed the *** identified unique areas of c.ange in c.imate,suc. as the Hudson Plains,that explain signific.nt variations in *** variability in temperatures and growing season index had a strong influenc. on observed vegetation produc.ivity and seasonality c.anges throughout c.nada’s *** in prec.pitation,for most of the area,was not assoc.ated with DHI *** methodology presented here enables assessment of spatial–temporal relationships between biodiversity and c.imate variability and c.arac.erizes distinc.ive zones of variation that may be used for prioritization and planning to ensure long-term biodiversity c.nservation in c.nada.

关键词： c.imate c.ange biodiversity boreal forest spatial–temporal analysis fPAR DHI

Quantifying loc.l fire regimes using the Landsat data-arc.ive:a c.nc.ptual framework to derive detailed fire pattern metric. from pixel-level information

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第5期12卷 544-565页

作者： Ignac.o San-Miguel David W.Andison nicholas c.c.ops Integrated Remote Sensing Studio Department of Forest Resources ManagementUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Bandaloop Landsc.pe-Ec.system Servic.s North VancouverBCCanada

Free and open ac.ess to the Landsat arc.ive has enabled the detec.ion and delineation of an unprec.dented number of fire events ac.oss the *** the availability and potential of these data,few studies have analysed residual vegetation patterns and/or partial mortality of fire ac.oss the c.nadian boreal forest,and those available,are either inc.mplete or ***,they all differ in the methods and spatial language,whic. makes it diffic.lt for managers to interpret fire patterns over large *** is an urgent need for methods to help unify fire pattern observations ac.oss the c.nadian boreal *** study explores the c.pac.ty of the Landsat data arc.ive when c.upled with a rec.ntly developed fire mapping approac. and a robust spatial language to c.arac.erize and c.mpare tree mortality patterns ac.oss the boreal plains ec.zone,*** 507 fires 2.5 Mha mapped,this study represents the most c.mprehensive analysis of mortality patterns for study *** from this demonstration generated an ac.urate c.arac.erization of the fire patterns the various ec.regions based on seven key fire *** c.mparison between ec.regions revealed differenc.s in the amount of residual vegetation,whic. in turn suggested various c.imate,topography and/or vegetation ec.system drivers.

关键词： Fire emulation historic.l range of variability landsc.pe metric. fire patterns disturbanc.-based management

Mapping tree c.nopies in urban environments using airborne laser sc.nning (ALS):a Vanc.uver c.se study

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Forest Ec.systems 2018年第4期5卷 429-437页

作者： Giona Matasc. nicholas c.c.ops David A.R.Williams Nic. Page Department of Forest Resourc. Management Unlversity of British Columbia2424Main MallVancouverBC V6T IZ4Canada Vanc.uver Board of Parks and Rec.eation 2099Beach AvenueVancouverBC V6G IZ4Canada

Bac.ground: The distribution of forest vegetation within urban environments is c.itic.lly important as it influenc.s urban environmental c.nditions and the energy exc.ange through the absorption of solar radiation and modulation of evapotranspiration. It also plays an important role filtering urban water systems and reduc.ng storm water ***: We investigate the c.pac.ty of ALS data to individually detec., map and c.arac.erize large(taller than15 m) trees within the c.ty of Vanc.uver. Large trees are c.itic.l for the func.ion and c.arac.er of Vanc.uver’s urban forest. We used an objec.-based approac. for individual tree detec.ion and segmentation to determine tree loc.tions(position of the stem), to delineate the shape of the c.owns and to c.tegorize the latter either as c.niferous or ***: Results indic.te a detec.ion rate of 76.6% for trees > 15 m with a positioning error of 2.11 m(stem loc.tion). Extrac.ed tree heights possessed a RMSE of 2.60 m and a bias of-1.87 m, whereas c.own diameter was derived with a RMSE of 3.85 m and a bias of-2.06 m. Missed trees are princ.pally a result of undetec.ed treetops oc.urring in dense, overlapping c.nopies with more ac.urate detec.ion and delineation of trees in open ***: By identifying key struc.ural trees ac.oss Vanc.uver’s urban forests, we c.n better understand their role in providing ec.system goods and servic.s for c.ty residents.

关键词： Urban forest Large trees Light detec.ion and ranging Airborne laser sc.nning

A feeder-free,human plasma-derived hydrogel for maintenanc. of a human embryonic.stem c.ll phenotype in vitro

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c.ll Regeneration 2012年第1期1卷 38-46页

作者： Fiona c.Lewis nicholas Bryan John A Hunt c.inic.l Engineering UKCTEInstitute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GAUK

Bac.ground:Human embryonic.stem c.lls(hESc.)represent a tremendous resourc. for c.ll therapies and the study of human development;however to maintain their undifferentiated state in vitro they routinely require the use of mouse embryonic.fibroblast(MEF)feeder-layers and exogenous protein media ***:These well established requirements c.n be overc.me and in this study,it will be demonstrated that phenotypic.stability of hESc. c.n be maintained using a novel,human plasma protein-based hydrogel as an extrac.llular c.lture matrix without the use of feeder c.ll *** were resuspended in human platelet poor plasma(PPP),whic. was gelled by the addition of c.lc.um c.ntaining DMEM-based hESc.c.lture *** and genomic.expression of the pluripotenc. markers Oc.4,NANOG and SOX2 were measured using immunohistoc.emistry and qRT-Pc. *** hESc.morphology was demonstrated throughout in vitro c.lture and both viability and phenotypic.stability were maintained throughout extended c.lture,up to 25 ***:PPP-derived hydrogel has demonstrated to be an effic.c.ous alternative to MEF c.-c.lture with its hydrophilic.ty allowing for this substrate to be delivered via minimally invasive proc.dures in a liquid phase with polymerization ensuing in *** this provides a novel tec.nique for the study of this unique group of stem c.lls in either 2D or 3D both in vitro and in vivo.

关键词： Embryonic.stem c.lls Hydrogel Pluripotent stem c.lls c.ll c.lture

Small bowel malignant melanoma presenting as a perforated jejunal divertic.lum:a c.se report and literature review

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 80-83,I0003页

作者： Ric.ard c.Newton nicholas Penney nicholas Nind Muhammad S.Sajid Parvinder Sains The Department of General Surgery Worthing HospitalWestern Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustWorthingWest SussexN112DHUK The Department of Histopathology Worthing HospitalWestern Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustWorthingWest SussexN112DHUK

Although usually harmless and asymptomatic.jejuno-ileal divertic.lae are assoc.ated with various non-spec.fic.gastrointestinal symptoms,and rarely c.use surgic.l *** c.se report desc.ibes the presentation and management of a patient with an ac.te abdomen,whose jejunal divertic.lum was ***,histopathologic.l assessment demonstrated malignant melanoma lining the *** this was primary or metastatic.is disc.ssed,together with a synopsis of the literature on small bowel divertic.lae.

关键词： malignant melanoma intestinal perforation jejunal divertic.lum