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Amphibians and Reptiles of Cebu,Philippines：The Poorly Understood Herpetofauna of an Island with Very Little Remaining natural Habitat

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第3期7卷 151-179页

作者： Christian E.SUPSUP nevong m.PUnA Augusto A.ASIS Bernard R.REDOBLADO maria Fatima G.PAnAGUInIT Faith m.GUInTO Edmund B.RICO Arvin C.DIESmOS Rafe m.BROWn neil Aldrin D.mALLARI Fauna and Flora International- Philippines Foggy Heights Subdivision Brgy. San Jose Tagaytay City Philippines Biology Department De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila Philippines Cebu Biodiversity Conservation Foundation 41 Edison Street Lahug Cebu City Cebu Cebu Technological University - Argao Campus Ed Kintanar Street Lamacan 6021 Argao Cebu Philippine national museum Zoology Division Herpetology Section. Rizal Park Buvg os St. Manila Philippines Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and KU Biodiversity Institute University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas 66045 USA

Despite its proximity to other well studied islands, Cebu has received little attention from herpetologists, most likely because of early deforestation and the perception very little natural habitat remains for amphibians and reptiles. In this study, we present a preliminary assessment of island＇s herpetofauna, focusing our field work on Cebu＇s last remaining forest fragments and synthesizing all available historical museum distribution data. We surveyed amphibians and reptile populations using standardized methods to allow for comparisons between sites and assess sufficiency of sampling effort. Fieldwork resulted in a total of 27 species recorded from five study sites, complementing the 58 species previously known from the island. Together, our data and historical museum records increase the known number of Cebu＇s resident species to 13 amphibians（frogs） and 63 reptiles（lizards, snakes, turtle, crocodile）. We recorded the continued persistence Cebu＇s rare and endemic lizard（Brachymeles cebuensis） and secretive snakes such as malayotyphlops hypogius, and Ramphotyhlops cumingii, which persist despite Cebu＇s long history of widespread and continuous habitat degradation. most species encountered, including common and widespread taxa, appeared to persist at low population abundances. To facilitate the immediate recovery of the remaining forest fragments, and resident herpetofauna, conservation effort must be sustained. However, prior to any conservation interventions, ecological baselines must be established to inform the process of recovery.

关键词： persist likely historical habitat remaining resident island facilitate museum populations

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Immunoregulatory polysaccharides from Apocynum venetum *** stimulate phagocytosis and cytokine expression via activating the nF-κB/mAPK signaling pathways in RAW264.7 cells

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第4期11卷 806-814页

作者： Honglin Wang Changyang ma Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse Jinmei Wang Geoffrey Ivan neil Waterhouse Wenyi Kang national R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center Kaifeng 475004China School of Chemical Sciences University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand Joint International Research Laboratory of Food&medicine Resource Function Kaifeng 475004China

Two immunomodulatory polysaccharides(Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3) were isolated and identified from Apocynum venetum L. flowers, and their innate immune-stimulating functions and working mechanisms were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells. Both the level of released nitric oxide(nO) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(inOS) m RnA were significantly enhanced in the RAW264.7 macrophages cells treated by Vp2a-Ⅱ and Vp3. Vp2a-Ⅱ(100–800 μg/m L) and Vp3(400 μg/mL) could significantly increase the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and the secretion and m RnA expression of TnF-α and IL-6 in a concentrationdependent manner through affecting mitogen-activated protein kinase(mAPK) activity and nuclear factor κB(nF-κB) nuclear translocation. Vp2a-Ⅱ might activate the mAPK signaling pathways and induce the nuclear translocation of nF-κB p65, whilst Vp3 likely activated the nF-κB and mAPK signaling pathways without influencing the p38 mAPK route.

关键词： Apocynum venetum L.flowers Immunomodulatory polysaccharide RAW264.7 cells nF-κB signaling pathway mAPK signaling pathway

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Searching for a route to synthesize in situ epitaxial Pr_(2)Ir_(2)O_(7) thin films with thermodynamic methods

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npj Computational materials 2021年第1期7卷 1320-1325页

作者： Lu Guo Shun-Li Shang neil Campbell Paul G.Evans mark Rzchowski Zi-Kui Liu Chang-Beom Eom Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Department of materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA

In situ growth of pyrochlore iridate thin films has been a long-standing challenge due to the low reactivity of Ir at low temperatures and the vaporization of volatile gas species such as IrO_(3)(g)and IrO_(2)(g)at high temperatures and high PO_(2).To address this challenge,we combine thermodynamic analysis of the Pr-Ir-O_(2)system with experimental results from the conventional physical vapor deposition(PVD)technique of *** results indicate that only high growth temperatures yield films with crystallinity sufficient for utilizing and tailoring the desired topological electronic properties and the in situ synthesis of Pr_(2)Ir_(2)O_(7)thin films is fettered by the inability to grow with PO_(2)on the order of 10 Torr at high temperatures,a limitation inherent to the PVD ***,we suggest techniques capable of supplying high partial pressure of key species during deposition,in particular chemical vapor deposition(CVD),as a route to synthesis of Pr_(2)Ir_(2)O_(7).

关键词： process thermodynamic synthesis

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Leveraging off higher plant phylogenetic insights for antiplasmodial drug discovery

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natural Products and Bioprospecting 2023年第1期13卷 382-399页

作者： Phanankosi moyo Luke Invernizzi Sephora m.mianda Wiehan Rudolph Warren A.Andayi mingxun Wang neil R.Crouch Vinesh J.maharaj Biodiscovery Center Department of ChemistryFaculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPrivate Bag X 20HatfieldPretoria 0028South Africa Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Murang’a University of TechnologyMurang’aKenya Computer Science and Engineering University of California Riverside900 University AveRiversideCA 92521USA Biodiversity Research and monitoring Directorate South African National Biodiversity InstituteBerea RoadP.O.Box 52099Durban 4007South Africa School of Chemistry and Physics University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4041South Africa

The antimalarial drug-resistance conundrum which threatens to reverse the great strides taken to curb the malaria scourge warrants an urgent need to find novel chemical scaffolds to serve as templates for the development of new antimalarial *** represent a viable alternative source for the discovery of unique potential antiplasmodial chemical *** expedite the discovery of new antiplasmodial compounds from plants,the aim of this study was to use phylogenetic analysis to identify higher plant orders and families that can be rationally prioritised for antimalarial drug *** queried the Pubmed database for publications documenting antiplasmodial properties of natural compounds isolated from higher ***,we manually collated compounds reported along with plant species of origin and relevant pharmacological *** systematically assigned antiplasmodial-associated plant species into recognised families and orders,and then computed the resistance index,selectivity index and physicochemical properties of the compounds from each taxonomic *** the generated phylogenetic trees and the biological data of each clade allowed for the identification of 3‘hot’plant orders and *** top 3 ranked plant orders were the(i)Caryophyllales,(ii)Buxales,and(iii)*** top 3 ranked plant families were the(i)Ancistrocladaceae,(ii)Simaroubaceae,and(iii)*** highly active natural compounds(IC_(50)≤1μm)isolated from these plant orders and families are structurally unique to the‘legacy’antimalarial *** study was able to identify the most prolific taxa at order and family rank that we propose be prioritised in the search for potent,safe and drug-like antimalarial molecules.

关键词： natural products Plants Phylogenetics malaria Drug-resistance ‘Hot’plants

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Basal diet and indigestible marker influence apparent digestibilities of nitrogen and amino acids of cottonseed meal and soybean meal in pigs

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Animal nutrition 2019年第3期5卷 234-240页

作者： Susanto Prawirodigdo neil J.Gannon Brian J.Leury Frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria3010Australia BPTP Central Java SemarangCentral Java50552Indonesia Biomin Singapore PO Box 2419ToowoombaQLD4350Australia

This study was to determine the apparent ileal nitrogen(n)and amino acid digestibilities of cottonseed meal(CSm)and soybean meal(SBm)in simple carbohydrate-based and more complex wheat-based *** five Large White × Landrace boars(40.9 kg)were randomly allocated to one of 5 dietary treatments:a wheat diet,40% CSm in either a sugar:starch(1:1)or wheat-based diet,or 40% SBm in either a sugar:starch or wheat-based diet for 14 *** diets contained vitamins,minerals,and contained acid-insoluble ash(AIA)and Cr2 O3 as indigestible *** were offered(1,800 g/pig per d)in3 meals/d on d 1-11 and 8 meals/d on d *** d 14,the pigs were fed hourly for 8 *** the 8 th meal,pigs were anaesthetised with isoflurothane,and ileal and faecal digesta sampled from the terminal ileum and rectum before lethal injection of *** ileal digestibility(AID)of n was greater(12.1%)when CSm was fed in the wheat-based diet as compared to the simple carbohydrate-based diet,whereas apparent ileal n digestibility of SBm was slightly lower(-4.5%)in the wheat-based diet as compared to the sugar:starch-based *** ileal amino acid digestibility generally respondeds similarly to ***,while there was a wide difference in apparent n and amino acid digestibilities of SBm and CSm when they were fed in the sugar:starch-based diets,these differences were less apparent when they were fed the wheat-based *** was an apparent net release of n into the hindgut of pigs fed CSm in both base ***,there was quite substantial apparent digestion of n in the hindgut of pigs fed SBm in both base *** use of Cr2 O3 as an indigestible marker resulted in lower apparent ileal and faecal digestibilities than using AIA,particularly for diets containing *** data demonstrate that the basal diet and choice of indigestible marker can substantially influence the estimate of apparent n digestibility,this response can differ for different protein meals.

关键词： Organic matter Pig Wheat Cottonseed meal Soybean meal Digestibility

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Calculations of ionization energies and electron affinities for atoms and molecules: A comparative study with different methods

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中国化学前沿:英文版 2011年第4期6卷 269-279页

作者： neil Qiang SU Igor Ying ZHAnG Jianming WU Xin XU State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces/College for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Shanghai Key Laboratory of molecular Catalysis and Innovative materials MOE Laboratory for Computational Physical ScienceDepartment of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai200433China

In the present work,we examined the performance of 36 density functionals,including the newly developed doubly hybrid density functional XYG3(***,***,and *** Ⅲ,***,USA,2009,106,4963),to calculate ionization energies(IEs)and electron affinities(EAs).We used the well-established G2-1 set as reference,which contains 14 atoms and 24 molecules for IE,along with 7 atoms and 18 molecules for ***3 leads to mean absolute deviations(mADs)of 0.057 and 0.080 eV for IEs and EAs,respectively,using the basis set of 6-311+G(3df,2p).In comparison with some other functionals,mADs for IEs are 0.109(B2PLYP),0.119(m06-2X),0.159(X3LYP),0.161(PBE),0.162(B3LYP),0.165(PBE0),0.173(TPSS),0.200(BLYP),and 0.215 eV(LC-BLYP).mADs for EAs are 0.090(X3LYP),0.090(B2PLYP),0.102(PBE),0.103(m06-2X),0.104(TPSS),0.105(BLYP),0.106(B3LYP),0.126(LC-BLYP),and 0.128 eV(PBE0).

关键词： ionization energy electron affinity DFT XYG3 B3LYP

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A bio-inspired O2-tolerant catalytic CO2 reduction electrode

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Science Bulletin 2019年第24期64卷 1890-1895页

作者： Xu Lu Zhan Jiang Xiaolei Yuan Yueshen Wu Richard malpass-Evans Yiren Zhong Yongye Liang neil BmcKeown Hailiang Wang Department of Chemistry Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Department of materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Functional nano and Soft materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materiab and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China EastChem School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FJUK

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 to give CO in the presence of O2 would allow the direct valorization of flue gases from fossil fuel combustion and of CO2 captured from air. However, it is a challenging task because O2 reduction is thermodynamically favored over that of CO2. 5% O2 in CO2 near catalyst surface is sufficient to completely inhibit the CO2 reduction reaction. Here we report an O2-tolerant catalytic CO2 reduction electrode inspired by part of the natural photosynthesis unit. The electrode comprises of heterogenized cobalt phthalocyanine molecules serving as the cathode catalyst with >95% Faradaic efficiency(FE) for CO2 reduction to CO coated with a polymer of intrinsic microporosity that works as a CO2-selective layer with a CO2/O2 selectivity of $20. Integrated into a flow electrolytic cell, the hybrid electrode operating with a CO2 feed gas containing 5% O2 exhibits a FECOof 75.9% with a total current density of 27.3 mA/cm^2 at a cell voltage of 3.1 V. A FECO of 49.7% can be retained when the O2 fraction increases to 20%. Stable operation for 18 h is demonstrated. The electrochemical performance and O2 tolerance can be further enhanced by introducing cyano and nitro substituents to the phthalocyanine ligand.

关键词： Electrochemical CO2 reduction O2 tolerance Gas separation Polymer of intrinsic microporosity Cooperative catalysis

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Rapid and robust slope failure appraisal using aerial photogrammetry and 3D slope stability models

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2020年第5期30卷 651-658页

作者： neil Bar michael Kostadinovski michael Tucker Glen Byng Rully Rachmatullah Arturo maldonado markus Pötsch Andreas Gaich Alison mcQuillan Thamer Yacoub BHP PerthWA 6000Australia 3GSm GmbH 8010 GrazStyriaAustria Rocscience Inc. Toronto M5T 1V1Canada

Slope failures are an inevitable aspect of economic pit slope designs in the mining *** open pit guidelines and industry standards accept up to 30%of benches in open pits to collapse provided that they are controlled and that no personnel are at *** ground control measures including real time monitoring systems at TARP(trigger-action-response-plan)protocols are widely utilized to prevent personnel from being exposed to slope failure *** and computing capability are rapidly *** photogrammetry techniques using UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle)enable geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists to work faster and more safely by removing themselves from potential line-of-fire near unstable *** stability modelling software using limit equilibrium(LE)and finite element(FE)methods in three dimensions(3D)is also becoming more accessible,user-friendly and faster to *** key components enable geotechnical engineers to undertake site investigations,develop geotechnical models and assess slope stability faster and in more detail with less exposure to fall of ground hazards in the *** paper describes the rapid and robust process utilized at BHP Limited for appraising a slope failure at an iron ore mine site in the Pilbara region of Western Australia using a combination of UAV photogrammetry and 3D slope stability models in less than a shift(*** than 12 h).

关键词： Slope stability 3D limit equilibrium analysis Aerial imagery Photogrammetry Open pit mining

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Protein tolerance to standard and high protein meals in patients with liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第14期9卷 667-676页

作者： Octavio Campollo Dirk Sprengers Gitte Dam Hendrik Vilstrup neil mcIntyre Center of Studies on Alcohol and Addictions Antigüo Hospital Civil de GuadalajaraUniversidad de Gua-dalajara Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gasthuis Zusters Antwerpen Department of medicine V(Gastroenterology and Hepatology) Aarhus University Hospital University College Royal Free School of medicine

To investigate the plasma amino acid response and tolerance to normal or high protein meals in patients with cirrhosis. mETHODSThe plasma amino acid response to a 20 g mixed protein meal was compared in 8 biopsy-proven compensated cirrhotic patients and 6 healthy subjects. In addition the response to a high protein meal (1 g/kg body weight) was studied in 6 decompensated biopsy-proven cirrhotics in order to evaluate their protein tolerance and the likelihood of developing hepatic encephalopathy (HE) following a porto-caval shunt procedure. To test for covert HE, the “number connection test” (nCT) was done on all patients, and an electroencephalogram was recorded in patients considered to be at Child-Pugh C stage. RESULTSThe changes in plasma amino acids after a 20 g protein meal were similar in healthy subjects and in cirrhotics except for a significantly greater increase (P n isoleucine, leucine and tyrosine concentrations in the cirrhotics. The baseline branched chain amino acids/aromatic amino acids (BCAA/AAA) ratio was higher in the healthy persons and remained stable-but it decreased significantly after the meal in the cirrhotic group. After the high protein meal there was a marked increase in the levels of most amino acids, but only small changes occurred in the levels of taurine, citrulline, cysteine and *** BCAA/AAA ratio was significantly higher 180 and 240 min after the meal. Slightly elevated basal plasma ammonia levels showed no particular pattern. Overt HE was not observed in any patients. COnCLUSIOnPatients with stable liver disease tolerate natural mixed meals with a standard protein content. The response to a high protein meal in decompensated cirrhotics suggests accumulation of some amino acids but it did not precipitate HE. These results support current nutritional guidelines that recommend a protein intake of 1.2-1.5 g/kg body weight/day for patients with cirrhosis.

关键词： Branched chain amino acids Fischer’s ratio Liver Protein Cirrhosis Tolerance nutrition Amino acids Diet

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Effect of L-carnitine supplementation during in vitro maturation and in vitro culture on oocyte quality and embryonic development rate of bovines

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第6期8卷 289-296页

作者： Diego F.Carrillo-González nélida Rodríguez-Osorio Charles R.Long neil A.Vásquez-Araque Juan G.maldonado-Estrada One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research and Development Group School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Antioquia050034 MedellinColombia Faculty of Agricultural Sciences School of ZootechnicsUniversidad de SucreColombia Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of the Republic of UruguaySalto CampusUruguay Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary MedicineTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843-4466USA Grupo de investigación Biotecnología Animal Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellínMedellínColombia

Objective:To assess the effect of L-carnitine supplementation during in vitro oocyte maturation and in vitro culture process of bovine ***:L-carnitine(3.8 mm)was added to maturation medium and the effect was assessed in the quality(Experiment 1)and in the cleavage and 4-cells stage(Experiment 2).Besides,the effect of L-carnitine addition on maturation medium(3.8 mm)and culture medium(1.5 mm)on embryo rate production was *** Experiment 1,bovine oocytes from abattoir were randomly separated into two groups(the control group and L-carnitine group)forin vitro *** oocytes were examined for cumulus cells expansion as an indicator of maturation,and the content of the mitochondrial activity,the presence of lipid droplets,the reduced glutathione,and the reactive oxygen species were measured by using specific *** Experiment 2,oocytes were matured as performed in Experiment 1,afterward fertilized and cultured until day 3,and cleavage rate and 4-cells stage rate were *** Experiment 3,in vitro maturation and fertilization were done as performed in Experiment 2,but at day 3 of culture,each group of embryos was separated into two new groups,and L-carnitine(1.5 mm)was added in culture media until day *** cleavage and embryo development rate were determined on the basis with the oocytes put on *** rate was calculated from cleaved ***:The cumulus expansion rate at gradeⅢand mitochondrial activity were significantly higher in the L-carnitine group in comparison with the control group(P0.05).In addition,cleavage and the proportion of embryo development and hatching rate were similar for all groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:L-carnitine as a supplement in culture media improves the cumulus expansion and increases the mitochondrial activity during in vitro maturation process but has no apparent effect on the cleavage and development of bovine *** investigations of L-carnitine addition on in vit

关键词： Antioxidants Culture supplement Embryo development Lipid droplets maturation mitochondria

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