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Tailored heterostructured ni_(3)n-niO nano-frameworks for boosting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution via surface-modulated plasma strategy

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nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7909-7917页

作者： Bo Ouyang Haonan Qin Chao Sun Yilin Deng Ang Li Jipeng Zhu Erjun kan Rajdeep Singh Rawat MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing School of ScienceNanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China The Laboratory of Road and Bridge Civil EngineeringSchool of ScienceNanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China natural Sciences and Science Education National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological University637616Singapore

The facile reconfiguration of phases plays a pivotal role in enhancing the electrocatalytic production of H2 through heterostructure *** chemical methods have been explored extensively for this purpose,plasma-based techniques offer a promising avenue for achieving heterostructured ***,the conventional plasma approach introduces complexities,leading to a multi-step fabrication process and challenges in precisely controlling partial surface structure modulation due to the intricate interaction *** our pursuit of heterostructures with optimized oxygen evolution reaction(OER)behavior,we have designed a facile auxiliary insulator-confined plasma system to directly attain a ni_(3)n-niO heterostructure(hninO).By meticulously controlling the surface heating process during plasma processing,such approach allows for the streamlined fabrication of hninO *** resulting nano-framework exhibits outstanding catalytic performance,as evidenced by its overpotential of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2),in an alkaline *** stands in stark contrast to the performance of niO-covered ni_(3)n fabricated using the conventional plasma method(sninO).Operando plasma diagnostics,coupled with numerical simulations,further substantiates the influence of surface heating due to auxiliary insulator confinement of the substrate on typical plasma parameters and the formation of the ni_(3)n-niO nanostructure,highlighting the pivotal role of controlled surface temperature in creating a high-performance heterostructured electrocatalyst.

关键词： structural modulation auxiliary insulator-confined plasma surface heating control heterostructure electrocatalytic O_(2) evolution

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Practical approach for detecting k-nonseparability of multipartite quantum states

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Jie Guo Jinchuan Hou Xiaofei Qi kan He College of Mathematics Taiyuan University of Technology School of Mathematics and Statistics Shanxi University Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Data Science of Ministry of Education Shanxi University

The instantaneous detection of entanglement in quantum states poses a significant challenge in the fields of quantum computation and quantum information, and there are no practical methods or tools to complete this task satisfactorily so far. We propose a sufficient and necessary criterion of k-nonseparability for any n-partite finite or infinite dimensional systems, 2≤k≤n. This criterion serves as the foundation for a practical scheme designed to detect entanglement and k-nonseparability across multipartite finite-dimensional systems. To exemplify the application of our scheme, we have developed a software tool that facilitates swift and precise identification of entanglement, k-nonseparability, and genuine entanglement within n-qubit systems, specifically tailored for systems with 2≤n≤4.

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Manure substitution improves maize yield by promoting soil fertility and mediating the microbial community in lime concretion black soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 698-710页

作者： Minghui Cao Yan Duan Minghao Li Caiguo Tang Wenjie kan Jiangye Li Huilan Zhang Wenling Zhong Lifang Wu The Center for Ion Beam Bioengineering&Green Agriculture Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Zhongke Taihe Experimental Station Taihe 236626China Institute of Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China

Synthetic nitrogen(n)fertilizer has made a great contribution to the improvement of soil fertility and productivity,but excessive application of synthetic n fertilizer may cause agroecosystem risks,such as soil acidification,groundwater contamination and biodiversity ***,organic substitution has received increasing attention for its ecologically and environmentally friendly and productivity ***,the linkages between manure substitution,crop yield and the underlying microbial mechanisms remain *** bridge this gap,a three-year field experiment was conducted with five fertilization regimes:i)Control,non-fertilization;CF,conventional synthetic fertilizer application;CF_(1/2)M_(1/2),1/2 n input via synthetic fertilizer and 1/2 n input via manure;CF_(1/4)M_(3/4),1/4 n input synthetic fertilizer and 3/4 n input via manure;M,manure *** fertilization treatments were designed to have equal n *** results showed that all manure substituted treatments achieved high soil fertility indexes(SFI)and productivities by increasing the soil organic carbon(SOC),total n(Tn)and available phosphorus(AP)concentrations,and by altering the bacterial community diversity and composition compared with ***,AP,and the soil C:n ratio were mainly responsible for microbial community *** co-occurrence network revealed that SOC and AP had strong positive associations with Rhodospirillales and Burkholderiales,while Tn and C:n ratio had positive and negative associations with Micromonosporaceae,*** specific taxa are implicated in soil macroelement *** Forest analysis predicted that both biotic(bacterial composition and Micromonosporaceae)and abiotic(AP,SOC,SFI,and Tn)factors had significant effects on crop *** present work strengthens our understanding of the effects of manure substitution on crop yield and provides theoretical support for optimizing fertilization strategies.

关键词： fertilization manure substitution soil fertility maize yield bacterial community

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Surface and Deep Structure of the Hanshan–Wuwei Basins in the Lower Yangtze Region:Implications for Mesozoic Tectonic Evolution of the South China Block

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第5期 1154-1170页

作者： kan Tianxiang LI Longming ZHEnG Hongjun LI Jiahao ZHAO Xilin CHEn Mo School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology Anhui Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring nanjing Center China Geological Survey

Indicating the tectonic features of the Hanshan–Wuwei basin can reconstruct the framework of the basins formed in Mesozoic and further understand the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Block. Studies on surface structure, regional stress field and deep geophysical characteristics of the Mesozoic Hanshan–Wuwei basin in Lower Yangtze region were carried out. nE–nnE trending folds and faults developed in the northern margin of the basins. The reconstruction of tectonic stress fields indicates four stress stages dominating the basins' evolution including nW–SE compression, n–S compression, nW–SE extension and nWW–SEE compression. 2D seismic profiles reveal coexistence of thrust, strike-slip and normal faults in the basin. Combined with regional geological studies, the geodynamic processes for the formation of the Hanshan–Wuwei basin can be divided into five stages: 1) During the Late Triassic, EW trending foreland basin was formed by n–S compression; 2) From Mid-Jurassic to Late Jurassic, continuous compression strengthened the foreland deformation and formed thrust nappes. In this stage, the integrated foreland basin was compartmentalized or fragmented, and transferred to the broken foreland basin; 3) nE-trending sinistral strike-slip movement at the beginning of the Early Cretaceous; 4) Regional extension resulted in normal faults and rift basins developing in the Late Cretaceous; 5) The nWW–SEE compression at the end of the Late Cretaceous caused nW sinistral strike-slip faults to form, which partly transformed the rift basin.

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Botulinum toxin type A-targeted SPP1 contributes to neuropathic pain by the activation of microglia pyroptosis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第8期14卷 1254-1266页

作者： Li-Ping Chen Xiao-Die Gui Wen-Di Tian Hou-Ming kan Jin-Zhao Huang Fu-Hai Ji Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pain Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Faculty of Medicine Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

BACKGROUnD neuropathic pain(nP)is the primary symptom of various neurological *** with nP often experience mood disorders,particularly depression and anxiety,that can severely affect their normal *** cells are as-sociated with *** inflammatory responses,especially the secretion of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines,ultimately lead to *** pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of inflammatory cell death associated with immune responses and inflammation-related diseases of the central nervous *** Two models,an in vitro lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated microglial cell model and a selective nerve injury model using BTX-A and SPP1 knockdown treatments,were *** proteins in the pyroptosis signaling pathway,nLRP3-GSDMD,were assessed using western blotting,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and *** factors[interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1β,and tumor necrosis factor(TnF)-α]were assessed using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent *** also evaluated microglial cell proliferation and ***,we measured pain sensation by assessing the delayed hind paw withdrawal latency using thermal *** The expression levels of ACS and GSDMD-n and the mRnA expression of TnF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βwere enhanced in LPS-treated ***,SPP1 expression was also induced in LPS-treated ***,BTX-A inhibited SPP1 mRnA and protein expression in the LPS-treated ***,depletion of SPP1 or BTX-A inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in LPS-treated microglia,whereas co-treatment with BTX-A enhanced the effect of SPP1 short hairpin(sh)RnA in LPS-treated ***,SPP1 depletion or BTX-A treatment reduced the levels of GSDMD-n,nLPRP3,and ASC and suppressed the production of inflammatory *** notably,BTX-A therapy and SPP1 shRnA enhance microglial proliferation and apoptosis and inhibit microglia

关键词： Botulinum toxin A SPP1 Microglia Pyroptosis neuropathic pain

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哈密顿量宇称-时间对称性的刻画

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物理学报 2024年第4期73卷 27-36页

作者：张慧洁贺衎太原理工大学数学学院太原030024

宇称-时间(PT)对称性理论描述了具有实能级的非厄密特哈密顿量,在量子物理学和量子信息科学中起着重要作用,是量子力学中活跃且重要的主题.研究者们对如何描述哈密顿量的PT对称性的问题给予了高度关注.本文基于PT对称理论和哈密顿量归... 详细信息

宇称-时间(PT)对称性理论描述了具有实能级的非厄密特哈密顿量,在量子物理学和量子信息科学中起着重要作用,是量子力学中活跃且重要的主题.研究者们对如何描述哈密顿量的PT对称性的问题给予了高度关注.本文基于PT对称理论和哈密顿量归一化特征函数,提出了算子F的定义.然后,在找到算子CPT和算子F的对易子和反对易子的特性后,给出了刻画了无量纲情况下哈密顿量的PT对称性的第一种方法.进一步研究发现,该方法还可以量化哈密顿量在无量纲情况下的PT对称性.此外,提出了另一种基于哈密顿量特征值实部和虚部来描述哈密顿量PT对称性的方法,该方法仅用于判断哈密顿量是否具有PT对称性.

关键词：哈密顿量 PT对称性对易子归一化特征函数

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Why ecosystem characteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.Persson Magnus Ekstrom Sean P.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren Eva Lindberg Kenneth nystrom Emanuele Papucci Patrik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts Department of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be understood before extensively relying on this type of *** such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of *** this discussion paper,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

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High-performance,low-power,and flexible ultraviolet photodetector based on crossed ZnO microwires p-n homojunction

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 648-662页

作者： SHULIn SHA KAI TAnG MAOSHEnG LIU PEnG WAn CHEnYAnG ZHU DAnInG SHI CAIXIA kan MInGMInG JIAnG College of Physics MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and PhysicsKey Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and DevicesNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China

Low-power, flexible, and integrated photodetectors have attracted increasing attention due to their potential applications of photosensing, astronomy, communications, wearable electronics, etc. Herein, the samples of ZnO microwires having p-type(Sb-doped ZnO, ZnO:Sb) and n-type(Ga-doped ZnO, ZnO:Ga) conduction properties were synthesized individually. Sequentially, a p-n homojunction vertical structure photodiode involving a single ZnO:Sb microwire crossed with a ZnO:Ga microwire, which can detect ultraviolet light signals, was constructed.

关键词： power ultraviolet conduction

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Extreme Heat Exposure Induced Acute Kidney Injury through nLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Mice

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Environment & Health 2024年第8期2卷 563-571页

作者： Jiahui Wang Kunyi Wang Xinnu Shi Zhoufan Hu Lisha Zhao kan Chen Lu Zhang Ran Li Guoqing Zhang Cuiqing Liu School of Public Health Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Air Pollution and Health Hangzhou 310053China Department of Clinical nutrition West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Climate change has resulted in a marked increase in heat extremes that carry a severe risk for morbidity and *** is sensitive to heat stimulation,and acute kidney injury(AKI)is the early *** this study,we investigated the adverse effects of heat extremes and their underlying mechanism.A total of 16 wild-type C57BL/6n mice were randomly divided into groups of control(exposed to 22±0.5°C)and heat(exposed to 39.5±0.5°C until the core body temperature reached the maximum).First,extreme heat exposure induced AKI evidenced by kidney dysfunction and morphological *** addition,heat exposure suppressed expression of molecules for mitochondrial energetics and fatty acid beta-oxidation and disturbed the balance of oxidative stress in the ***,heat exposure enhanced the protein levels in the upstream signaling pathway for nLRP3 inflammasome formation,followed by nLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory cytokine *** findings demonstrated that acute extreme heat exposure may induce AKI through the nLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation.

关键词： Extreme Heat Acute Kidney Injury nLRP3 Inflammation Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

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Immunoregulatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Combination Treatment of novel Four-Herb Formula and Doxorubicin in 4T1-Breast Cancer Bearing Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 311-321页

作者： Lea Ling-Yu kan Ben Chung-Lap Chan Grace Gar-Lee Yue LI Pei-ting Sharon Sze-Man Hon HUAnG Dan-qi Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung Leung Chun-Kwok Wong Institute of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine School of Health and Biomedical SciencesSTEM CollegeRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong SARHong KongChina

Objective To investigate the in vivo immunomodulatory and anti-tumor mechanisms of the combined treatment of novel Four-Herb formula(4HF)and doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer(TnBC).Methods Murine-derived triple-negative mammary carcinoma cell line,4T1 cells,was cultured and inoculated into mouse mammary ***-six mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups(n=11 in ench):naive,control,LD 4HF(low dose 4HF),HD 4HF(high dose 4HF),LD 4HF+D(low dose and doxorubicin),and D(doxorubicin).Apart from the naive group,each mouse received subcutaneous inoculation with 5×10^(5)4T1 cells resuspended in 100µL of normal saline in the mammary fat *** from the day of tumor cell inoculation,tumors were grown for 6 *** LD and HD groups received daily oral gavage of 658 and 2,630 mg/kg 4HF,*** LD 4HF+D group received daily oral gavage of 658 mg/kg 4HF and weekly intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The D group received weekly intraperitoneal injections of doxorubicin(5 mg/kg).The treatment naive mice received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double distilled water and 0.1 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal injection once a *** control group received daily oral gavage of 0.2 mL double-distilled *** treatment period was 30 *** the end of treatment,mice organs were harvested to analyze immunological activities via immunophenotyping,gene and multiplex analysis,histological staining,and gut microbiota *** Mice treated with the combination of 4HF and doxorubicin resulted in significantly reduced tumor and spleen burdens(Pnd overall immune lymphocyte landscape,and manipulated gut microbiota to favor the anti-tumor immunological ***,immunosuppressive genes,cytokines,and chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine 2 and interleukin-10 of tumors were significantly downregulated(Pn combination treatment demonstrated synergetic activities and was most effective

关键词： adjunctivetherapy breast cancer cytokines Chinese medicine tumor microenvironment

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