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Effects of improved amino acid balance diet on lysine mammary utilization, whole body protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown on lactating sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2031-2043页

作者： Sai Zhang Juan C.Marini Vengai Mavangira Andrew Claude Julie Moore Mahmoud A.mohammad nathalie L.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640PR China USDA/ARS Children’s nutrition Research Center and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Present address:Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityFrank Morrison Hall507 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14853‑4801USA

Background The study objective was to test the hypothesis that low crude protein(CP)diet with crystalline amino acids(CAA)supplementation improves Lys utilization efficiency for milk production and reduces protein turnover and muscle protein *** lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 2 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy):control(COn;19.24%CP)and reduced CP with“optimal”AA profile(OPT;14.00%CP).Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on d 1,14,18,and 21 of *** d 14 and 18,a subset of 9 sows(COn=4,OPT=5)was infused with a mixed solution of 3-[methyl-2H3]histidine(bolus injection)and[13C]bicarbonate(priming dose)first,then a constant 2-h[13C]bicarbonate infusion followed by a 6-h primed constant[1-13C]lysine *** blood and milk sampling were performed to determine plasma and milk Lys enrichment,Lys oxidation rate,whole body protein turnover,and muscle protein *** Over the 21-d lactation period,compared to COn,sows fed OPT had greater litter growth rate(Pn,sows fed OPT had greater efficiency of Lys(Pnd whole-body protein turnover efficiency(Pn,sows fed OPT tended to have lower whole body protein breakdown rate(P=0.069).Muscle protein breakdown rate did not differ between OPT and COn(P=0.197).Conclusion Feeding an improved AA balance diet increased efficiency of Lys and reduced whole-body protein turnover and protein *** results imply that the lower maternal n retention observed in lactating sows fed improved AA balance diets in previous studies may be a result of greater partitioning of AA towards milk rather than greater body protein breakdown.

关键词： Amino acid Efficiency Lactating sows Protein breakdown Protein turnover Reduced protein diet

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Towards defining soil quality of Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils:Reference values and potential core indicator set

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 145-155页

作者： Germán A.Durán Daniel Sacristán Edelweis Farrús Jaume Vadell Institut de Recerca i FormacióAgrària i Pesquera de les Illes Balears C/Eusebi Estada14507009PalmaSpain Plant Biology Department University of Valencia46100BurjassotValenciaSpain Soil and Environmental Quality Department Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE(CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana)Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.546113MoncadaValenciaSpain Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra.De Valldemossakm 7507122PalmaSpain

To avoid soil degradation,adapt to climate change and comply with the Sustainable Development goals 2030(Un General Assembly),establishing the quality/fertility of the agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region and evaluate how these evolve with time is *** enables adequate management practices to be *** Mediterranean calcareous region has received little attention in this sense,in spite its soil ***,24 different representative calcareous agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region,including the main management strategies of agricultural soils(rainfed and irrigated),were sampled from the island of Mallorca;and their physical,chemical and biological properties *** values obtained for most of the soil characteristics allowed to establish an initial approach to the reference values for the type of calcareous agricultural soils considered,and to clearly distinguish the effect of rainfed or irrigation management practices on soils properties and *** enzyme activities were not stimulated by the irrigation conditions assayed or they were only in dry conditions,suggesting optimum enzyme activities could be obtained when alternating dry and humid soil *** organic carbon,calcium carbonate and active lime revealed of significant importance in the collection of ***,the results obtained clearly indicate the heterogeneity of the region and its implications on the different soil ***,this study could serve as a starting point to adequately establish the quality(fertility)for Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils and their reference values by conducting further research in this region and including more type of soils.

关键词： Soil fertility Mediterranean agricultural soils Calcareous soils Soil enzymes Soil management

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Weather influenced nestling growth of an insectivorous but not a granivorous grassland passerine in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 156-162页

作者： Martín Alejandro Colombo Adrian Jauregui Luciano n.Segura Laboratorio de Ecología de Aves.Institute“Dr.Raúl A.Ringuelet”(ILPLA)-UnLP/COnICET Boulevard 1201437La PlataB1900Buenos AiresArgentina

nestling growth of birds can be affected by weather *** general,it is expected that higher temper-atures favor growth by improving food availability and nestling metabolism,while rain hinders it by reducing foraging ***,most of these patterns have been described in insectivorous cavity-nesting birds in temperate *** tested these predictions in two neotropical grassland ground-nesting birds with contrasting nestling diets and therefore potentially different responses to *** measured nestlings of the Hellmayr’s Pipit(Anthus hellmayri,an insectivorous passerine)and the Grassland Yellow-Finch(Sicalis luteola,which feeds its nestlings exclusively with seeds)during three breeding seasons(2017-2020)in central-eastern *** took measurements of tarsus and body mass,modeled growth curves using nonlinear mixed-effects models,and evaluated the effects of minimum daily temperature and precipitation during the growth period and the 30 days prior to *** pipits(60 nestlings from 21 nests),minimum temperatures during the growth period were positively associated with tarsus and body mass ***,there was a positive association between precipitation during the pre-hatching period and tarsus ***,none of the weather variables analyzed had significant effects on nestling growth of finches(131 nestlings from 35 nests).Dietary contrast between species may explain the different *** activity and abundance can be affected by weather variations within the span of a breeding season,whereas seeds may depend on conditions from previous years,making the effects harder to *** with reduced asymptotic size can have reduced chances of ***,pipit populations could be impacted if they experience cold and dry conditions during their breeding season,which is of major relevance in the current context of climate change.

关键词： Finches Grassland birds neotropical birds Pipits Precipitation Temperature

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On the Zeros of a Special Class of Polynomials

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第4期44卷 470-474页

作者： Mahnaz Shafi CHISHTI Vipin Kumar TYAGI mohammad Ibrahim MIR School of Basic and Applied Sciences Shobhit Institute of Engineering and Technology (Deemed to be University) Department of Mathematics University of KashmirSouth Campus

Let P be a complex polynomial of the form P （z）=（λz-a）mΠj=1n-m（z-zj）,where|zj|≥1,1≤j≤*** aim of this paper is to obtain generalisation of a result due to Zargar and Manzoor and a result due to Mir,nazir and... 详细信息

关键词： bound coefficient polynomial zeros

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Inclusion of CoTiO_(3) to ameliorate the re/dehydrogenation properties of the Mg–na–Al system

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1215-1226页

作者： n.A.Ali n.Y.Yusnizam n.A.Sazelee Sami-ullah Rather Haizhen Liu M.Ismail Energy Storage Research Group Faculty of Ocean Engineering TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box80204Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Guangxi novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning 530004China

For the first time,the MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4)(ratio 4:1)destabilized system with CoTiO_(3) addition has been *** CoTiO_(3)-doped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) sample begins to dehydrogenate at 130℃,which is declined by 40℃ compared to the undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4).Moreover,the de/rehydrogenation kinetics characteristics of the CoTiO_(3)-doped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) were greatly *** the inclusion of CoTiO_(3),the MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) composite absorbed 5.2 wt.%H_(2),higher than undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4).In the context of dehydrogenation,the CoTiO_(3)-doped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) sample desorbed 2.6 wt.%H_(2),almost doubled compared to the amount of hydrogen desorbed from the undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) *** activation energy obtained by the Kissinger analysis for MgH_(2) decomposition was significantly lower by 35.9 kJ/mol than the undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) *** reaction mechanism demonstrated that new phases of MgCo and AlTi_(3) were generated in situ during the heating process and are likely to play a substantial catalytic function and be useful in ameliorating the de/rehydrogenation properties of the destabilized MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) system with the inclusion of CoTiO_(3).

关键词： Destabilize system Magnesium hydride Sodium alanate Hydrogen storage Additive.

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Marinoan glaciation in the Indian subcontinent——Anatomy and global implications

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 293-308页

作者： H.n.Bhattacharya Department of Earth Sciences Techno India UniversityWest BengalSector VSalt LakeKolkata700091India

Detailed sedimentological analysis of the Pokaran Boulder Bed,representing the most basal unit of the neoproterozoic-Lower Cambrian Marwar Supergroup,clearly indicates its glacial *** glacial sediments are interpreted as an ice-contact submarine fan *** on the detrital and inherited zircon population of the Marwar Supergroup sediments and interlayered pyroclastic deposits,a Marinoan cryochron of the Cryogenian Period is envisaged for the Pokaran Boulder *** well-preserved Ediacaran elements in the post-glacial sedimentary succession also support a Cryogenian to Early Cambrian age of the Marwar *** glacial deposition at the base of the Marwar Supergroup strengthens the regional correlation between the studied sediments with the Lesser Himalayan Blaini-Krol-Tal sediments and the Haqf Supergroup of *** available zircon ages and paleomagnetic data of the Malani Igneous suite,along with the Marinoan glacial deposits,detrital zircon ages,and Ediacaran fossil elements of the Marwar Supergroup add significant information to the neoproterozoic Earth history.

关键词： neoproterozoic Marinoan glaciation Diamictites Pokaran Boulder Bed Marwar Supergroup

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Structural Stability of the Financial Market Model: Continuity of Superhedging Price and Model Approximation

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 215-241页

作者： Sergey n.Smirnov Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow119991Russian Federation

The present paper continues the topic of our recent paper in the same journal,aiming to show the role of structural stability in financial *** the context of financial market modeling,structural stability means that a specific“no-arbitrage”property is unaffected by small(with respect to the Pompeiu–Hausdorff metric)perturbations of the model’s *** formulate,based on our economic interpretation,a new requirement concerning“no arbitrage”properties,which we call the“uncertainty principle”.This principle in the case of no-trading constraints is equivalent to structural *** demonstrate that structural stability is essential for a correct model approximation(which is used in our numerical method for superhedging price computation).We also show that structural stability is important for the continuity of superhedging prices and discuss the sufficient conditions for this continuity.

关键词： Uncertainty Structural stability no arbitrage Continuity of superhedging price Compact-valued multifunction Financial market model approximation Trading constraints

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A note on Transition Kernels for the Most UnfavourableMixed Strategies of the Market

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 35-50页

作者： Sergey n.Smirnov Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussian Federation 119991

We consider a deterministic model of market evolution with trading constraints andapply a game-theoretic approach to the superhedging *** obtain sufﬁcientconditions for the game equilibrium and prove under these conditions the existenceof a Borel-measurable transition kernel describing dependence on price prehistory ofthe most unfavourable mixed strategy of the market.

关键词： Superhedging Guaranteed deterministic approach Optimal mixedstrategies of the market Borel-measurable transition kernel Game equilibrium

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5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling:historical perspectives,factors infiuencing the detection,toxicity,and its implications in the neurogenesis

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 302-308页

作者： Joaquín Martí-Clúa Unidad de Citología e Histología.Departament de Biologia Cel·lular de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia.Facultad de Biociencias.Institut de Neurociències.Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

The halopyrimidine 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine(BrdU)is an exogenous marker of DnA *** the introduction of monoclonal antibodies against BrdU,an increasing number of methodologies have been used for the immunodetection of this synthesized bromine-tagged base analogue into replicating *** labeling is widely used for identifying neuron precursors and following their fate during the embryonic,perinatal,and adult neurogenesis in a variety of vertebrate species including birds,reptiles,and *** to BrdU toxicity,its incorporation into replicating DnA presents adverse consequences on the generation,survival,and settled patterns of *** may lead to false results and misinterpretation in the identification of proliferative *** this review,I will indicate the detrimental effects of this nucleoside during the development of the central nervous system,as well as the reliability of BrdU labeling to detect proliferating ***,it will show factors influencing BrdU immunodetection and the contribution of this nucleoside to the study of prenatal,perinatal,and adult *** adult neurogenesis will also be *** is my hope that this review serves as a reference for those researchers who focused on detecting cells that are in the synthetic phase of the cell cycle.

关键词： 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine adult neurogenesis human adult neurogenesis labeling pitfalls prenatal neurogenesis proliferation S-phase suturing S-phase toxicity

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中国蔬菜生产体系n_(2)O排放的空间差异及减排措施

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植物营养与肥料学报 2024年第3期30卷 417-429页

作者：钟东亮方雪娟周唯珺 mohammad Jawad Alami 许肃黄葳崔胜辉高兵福建农林大学生命科学学院福建福州350002 中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室福建厦门361021 厦门市城市代谢重点实验室福建厦门361021 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049

[目的]了解中国不同蔬菜种植模式、种植区域和蔬菜类型的n_(2)O-n排放系数及不同减排措施对n2O排放和蔬菜产量的综合影响,以减少区域和全国蔬菜体系n2O排放清单估算的不确定性。[方法]检索收集关于中国菜地n_(2)O排放及减排研究论文的... 详细信息

[目的]了解中国不同蔬菜种植模式、种植区域和蔬菜类型的n_(2)O-n排放系数及不同减排措施对n2O排放和蔬菜产量的综合影响,以减少区域和全国蔬菜体系n2O排放清单估算的不确定性。[方法]检索收集关于中国菜地n_(2)O排放及减排研究论文的田间观测数据,基于数据整合分析方法,系统分析不同蔬菜生产区和不同蔬菜类型在设施和露地两种栽培模式下的排放系数,及不同管理措施对土壤n_(2)O减排潜力和产量的影响。[结果]华北、西北、长江中下游、西南和华南露地蔬菜土壤n2O-n排放系数分别为1.27%、0.83%、1.20%、1.54%和5.57%,全国平均为1.23%,华南是西北地区的6.7倍。华北、西北、长江中下游设施蔬菜n_(2)O-n排放系数分别为0.99%、0.65%、1.13%,全国平均为0.88%。露地种植模式下,叶菜类、茄果类、块茎类和根类蔬菜菜田n_(2)O-n排放系数分别为1.72%、1.03%、0.92%和1.28%;设施种植模式下,叶菜类、茄果类、块茎类菜田的n_(2)O-n排放系数分别为0.44%、0.95%和0.41%。减氮施肥、施用生物炭、优化灌溉和施用硝化抑制剂与常规施肥相比,n_(2)O分别减排41.3%、29.1%、37.4%和27.9%。相比单一减排措施,优化灌溉和减氮施肥、硝化抑制剂和减氮施肥组合措施的n_(2)O减排效果可达45.8%~57.3%。不同硝化抑制剂的n_(2)O减排效果相当(26.5%~29.7%)。当生物炭施用量为≤10、10~20、20~30、30~40 t/hm时,n_(2)O可分别减排31.7%、24.3%、38.0%、26.8%。相比于常规管理措施,氮肥投入量减少≤20%、20%~30%、30%~40%、40%~50%、>50%时,可分别减少n_(2)O排放量36.9%、37.5%、29.7%、71.3%、39.4%。[结论]中国设施和露地蔬菜n_(2)O-n的排放系数在不同蔬菜产区和蔬菜种类间均存在较大差异,尤其需重视南方亚热带地区一年多熟蔬菜体系n_(2)O排放与减排。依据蔬菜类型制定减排措施的效果较为稳定。单一减施40%~50%氮肥、使用硝化抑制剂、施用生物炭(20~30 t/hm^(2))等措施均可实现蔬菜稳产和最佳的n_(2)O减排效果的双赢。采用减施氮肥+优化灌溉和减施氮肥+硝化抑制剂两种组合措施,可进一步削减土壤n_(2)O的排放。

关键词：氧化亚氮排放系数种植区域蔬菜类型减排潜力

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