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microperforation of the human nail plate by radiation of erbium lasers

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2017年第3期10卷 299-307页

作者： Andrey V. BELIKOV Andrey N. SERGEEV Sergey N. SmIRNOV Anastasia d. TAVALINSKAYA department of Laser Technologies and Systems Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University) Saint Petersburg 197101 Russia

The nail plate forms a barrier that limits the effectiveness of drug delivery in the treatment of nail diseases and prevents the outflow of fluid in the case of subungual hematoma formation. microperforation of the nail plate through laser radiation can increase the effectiveness of drug delivery and ensure the possibility of blood outflow. This study detected and identified the type and threshold of effects that arise from exposing the nail plate to Yb,Er： Glass （λ = 1.54 μm） and Er：YLF （λ= 2.81 μm） laser radiation. The rate and efficiency of nail plate ablation by the radiation of these lasers were studied. The effect of the storage time of a freshly extracted nail plate in open air on its ablation rate by Er：YLF （ λ=2.81 μm） laser radiation was also investigated. The impact of the Yb,Er：Glass and Er：YLF laser pulses on the nail plate caused bleaching, carbonization, ablation with microcrater formation, and microperforation. The laser energy densities WE （thresholds） required for these effects were determined. The maximum ablation rate for Yb,Er：Glass laser radiation was 8 μm/pulse at WE = 91 ±2 J/cm2, whereas that for Er：YLF laser radiation was 12 μm/ pulse at WE= 10.5＋0.5 J/cm2. The maximum ablation efficiency for Yb,Er：Glass laser radiation was 0.1 μm/mJ at Ws = 10.5±0.5 J/cm2, whereas that for Er：YLF laser radiation was 4.6 μm/mJ at WE = 5.3±0.3 J/cm2. The laser ablation rate depends on the storage time and conditions of the freshly extracted nail plate. For example, when exposed to Er：YLF laser radiation, the laser ablation rate decreased by half from the initial maximum value in 96 h of air storage and returned to the initial value after 1 h of storage in distilled water.

关键词： Yb Er:Glass laser Er:YLF laser nail plate microperforation ablation rate ablation efficiency dehydration

Vasopressin in vasoplegic shock:A systematic review

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World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2020年第5期9卷 88-98页

作者： Andrew J Webb mohamed O Seisa Tarek Nayfeh Patrick m Wieruszewski Scott d Nei Nathan J Smischney department of Pharmacy Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Robert d and Patricia E Kern Center For The Science of Health Care delivery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States department of Pharmacy Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States department of Anesthesia Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUNdVasoplegic shock is a challenging complication of cardiac surgery and is oftenresistant to conventional therapies for shock. Norepinephrine and epinephrine arestandards of care for vasoplegic shock, but vasopressin has increasingly been usedas a primary pressor in vasoplegic shock because of its unique pharmacology andlack of inotropic activity. It remains unclear whether vasopressin has distinctbenefits over standard of care for patients with vasoplegic *** summarize the available literature evaluating vasopressin vs non-vasopressinalternatives on the clinical and patient-centered outcomes of vasoplegic shock inadult intensive care unit (ICU) *** was a systematic review of vasopressin in adults (≥ 18 years) with vasoplegicshock after cardiac surgery. Randomized controlled trials, prospective cohorts,and retrospective cohorts comparing vasopressin to norepinephrine, epinephrine,methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin, or other pressors were included. The primaryoutcomes of interest were 30-d mortality, atrial/ventricular arrhythmias, stroke,ICU length of stay, duration of vasopressor therapy, incidence of acute kidneyinjury stage II-III, and mechanical ventilation for greater than 48 *** total of 1161 studies were screened for inclusion with 3 meeting inclusioncriteria with a total of 708 patients. Two studies were randomized controlled trials and one was a retrospective cohort study. Primary outcomes of 30-d mortality,stroke, ventricular arrhythmias, and duration of mechanical ventilation weresimilar between groups. Conflicting results were observed for acute kidney injurystage II-III, atrial arrhythmias, duration of vasopressors, and ICU length of staywith higher certainty of evidence in favor of vasopressin serving a protective rolefor these *** was not found to be superior to alternative pressor therapy for any ofthe included outcomes. Results are limited by mixed methodologies, small overallsample si

关键词： Vasopressins Shock Vasoactive agents Treatment outcome Vasoplegia Arginine vasopressin

Impact of Hypertension on Type 2 diabetes in mysore Population of South India

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International Journal of Clinical medicine 2013年第12期4卷 561-570页

作者： moha.m.d Salman Shruti dasgupta Cletus J. m. d’Souza d. Xaviour B. V. Raviprasad Jayashankar Rao G. L. Lakshmi Anthropological Survey of India Southern Regional Centre Mysore India Anthropological Survey of India Southern Regional Centre Mysore India department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore Mysore India Anthropological Survey of India Southern Regional Centre Mysore India department of Studies in Biotechnology University of Mysore Mysore India

Objective: The study aims to explore the prevalence of hypertension and its impact on Type 2 diabetes in a mysore population of the Indian subcontinent. methods: 636 participants volunteered for the study. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were recorded while plasma was analyzed for biochemical markers. The IdF and JNC 7 diagnostic criteria were followed to define diabetes and hypertension. Statistical Analyses: One-way analysis of variance, χ2-test and Logistic regression analysis were performed to assess differences of the mean, proportion and the independent effect of hypertension on the development of type 2 diabetes. Results: Hypertension was observed to be prevalent in 37.1% of the studied population with an insignificant gender difference. Rate of occurrence of hypertensives was found to be significantly higher in type 2 diabetes (51.9%), obese subjects (45.2%), long-term smokers (49%) and alcohol addicts (48%) than control groups. The risk of development of diabetes was significantly higher in hypertensives than normotensive. However, when creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were included in the model, the significance was nullified. Conclusions: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension is increasing at an alarming rate. This study reveals that the significance of hypertension as a parameter in predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes was influenced by the renal function and lipid profile.

关键词： Hypertension Type 2 diabetes Prevalence Kidney dysfunction mortality mysore Population India

Collective Band Structures in the Neutron-Rich ^(107,109)Ru Nuclei

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第11期15卷 793-795页

作者：朱胜江甘翠云 J.H.Hamilton A.V.Ramayya B.R.S.Babu 萨哈伊 W.C.ma 龙桂鲁邓景康朱凌燕李明杨利明 J.Komicki J.d.Cole R.Aryaeinejad Y.K.dardenne m.W.drigert J.O.Rasmussen m.A.Stoyer S.Y.Chu K.E.Gregorich m.F.mohar S.G.Prussin I.Y.Lee N.R.Johnson F.K.mcGowan departmet of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 department of Physics Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA department of Physics Mississippi State UniversityMS 39762USA Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Idaho FallsID 83415USA Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA

The levels in neutron-rich odd-A ^(107,109)Ru nuclei have been investigated by using γ -γ -and γ -γ -γ-coincidence studies of the prompt γ-rays from the spontaneous fission of 252Cf. The ground state bands and the negative parity bands are identified and expanded in both nuclei. Triaxial rotor plus particle model calculations indicate the ground state bands originate from v(d_(5/2)+g_(7/2)) quasiparticle configurations and the negative parity bands are from vh_(11/2) orbital.

关键词： bands parity

Immunostimulation in the era of the metagenome

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 213-225页

作者： Amy d Proal Paul J Albert Greg P Blaney Inge A Lindseth Chris Benediktsson Trevor G marshall murdoch University PerthWAAustralia Weill Cornell medical College New YorkNYUSA Stillpoint Centre VancouverBCCanada 4m-Klinikken OsloNorway Autoimmunity Research Foundation Thousand OaksCAUSA

microbes are increasingly being implicated in autoimmune *** calls for a re-evaluation of how these chronic inflammatory illnesses are routinely *** standard of care for autoimmune disease remains the use of medications that slow the immune response,while treatments a.m.d at eradicating microbes seek the exact opposite-stimulation of the innate immune *** is complicated by a cascade of sequelae,including exacerbated inflammation,which occurs in response to microbial *** the past 8 years,we have collaborated with American and international clinical professionals to research a.m.del-based treatment for inflammatory *** intervention,designed to stimulate the innate immune response,has required a reevaluation of disease progression and *** is the inherent conflict between palliation and microbicidal *** microbicidal activity was experienced as immunopathology-a temporary worsening of *** studies are needed,but they will require careful planning to manage this immunopathology.

关键词： antimicrobial peptides autoimmune disease immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome immunopathology innate immunity metagenomics

Brain changes in diabetes mellitus patients withgastrointestinal symptoms

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World Journal of diabetes 2016年第2期7卷 14-26页

作者： Anne m drewes Eirik Søfteland Georg dimcevski Adam d Farmer Christina Brock Jens B Frøkjær Klaus Krogh Asbjørn m drewes department of medicine Haukeland University Hospital5021 BergenNorway Centre for digestive diseases Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular ScienceWingate Institute of NeurogastroenterologyBarts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E1 2AJUnited Kingdom department of Gastroenterology University Hospitals of North MidlandsStoke on TrentStraffordshire ST4 6QGUnited Kingdom mech-Sense Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Clinical InstituteAalborg University Hospital9100 AalborgDenmark department of Radiology Aalborg University Hospital9100 AalborgDenmark Neurogastroenterology Unit Department of Hepatology and GastroenterologyAarhus University Hospital8000 AarhusDenmark

diabetes mellitus is a common disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. In various studies up to 30%-70% of patients present dysfunction and complications related to the gut. To date several clinical studies have demonstrated that autonomic nervous system neuropathy and generalized neuropathy of the central nervous system(CNS) may play a major role. This systematic review provides an overview of the neurodegenerative changes that occur as a consequence of diabetes with a focus on the CNS changes and gastrointestinal(GI) dysfunction. Animal models where diabetes was induced experimentally support that the disease induces changes in CNS. Recent investigations with electroencephalography and functional brain imaging in patients with diabetes confirm these structural and functional brain changes. Encephalographic studies demonstrated that altered insular processing of sensory stimuli seems to be a key player in symptom generation. In fact one study indicated that the more GI symptoms the patients experienced, the deeper the insular electrical source was located. The electroencephalography was often used in combination with quantitative sensory testingmainly showing hyposensitivity to stimulation of GI organs. Imaging studies on patients with diabetes and GI symptoms mainly showed microstructural changes,especially in brain areas involved in visceral sensory processing. As the electrophysiological and imaging changes were associated with GI and autonomic symptoms they may represent a future therapeutic target for treating diabetics either pharmacologically or with neuromodulation.

关键词： diabetes mellitus Gastrointestinal Electroencephalogram magnetic resonance imaging Brain

The Effects of Religion,Superstition,and Perceived Gender Inequality on Suicide Intent:A Study of Serious Attempters in China

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The Effects of Religion,Superstition,and Perceived Gender In...

Additive manufacturing(3d printing)of electrically conductive polymers and polymer nanocomposites and their applications

全国第九届危机干预及自杀预防学术年会

作者： Jie Zhang,Ph.d. SUNY College at Buffalo,USA Huilan Xu,m.d.~2 Central South University,China

Objective:Previous studies have tried to account for the uniqueness of gender ratios in Chinese suicide through physiological and psychological differences between men and women,and the means employed in the fatal *** the point of view of the socio-psychological traits,this study examines the effects of religion(religiosity),superstition, and perceived gender inequality among Chinese women on the degree of their suicide intent. method:A four-page structured interviews were performed to the consecutively sampled serious attempters of suicide hospitalized to emergency rooms immediately after the suicidal act in dalian areas,***:Both univariate analyses and the multiple regression model have found that the higher the degree *** and superstition on metempsychosis,the stronger the suicide intent Chinese women *** perceived gender inequality is positively correlated with suicide intent,and it is especially true for Chinese ***:the socio-psychological traits and traditional culture values and norms have the important impact on suicide patterns in Chinese societies.

关键词： Suicide Intent Religion,Superstition Perceived Gender Inequality China

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eScience 2022年第4期2卷 365-381页

作者： Kirstie R.Ryan michael P.down Nicholas J.Hurst Edmund m.Keefe Craig E.Banks Faculty of Science and Engineering Manchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetManchesterM15GDUK

Additive manufacturing,or three-dimensional(3d)printing,offers a unique solution for fabricating complex geometries with high ***,many commercial additive manufacturing machines focus on the printing of polymers with limited ***,conductive polymers(CPs)can be processed to enable the additive manufacturing of conductive,low-density,and low-cost parts for a myriad of *** review summarizes the relevant achievements in the additive manufacturing of conductive polymers(CPs)and conductive polymer nanocomposites,with a discussion of the advantages and limitations of processing and printing these materials compared with alternative traditional manufacturing methods and their ***,the prospective applications of these additive manufacturing printed conductive materials are explored.

关键词： Conducting polymers Additive manufacturing Electrochemcial applications Supercapacitors Batteries

dose-response effects of in-feed antibiotics on growth performance and nutrient utilization in weaned pigs fed diets supplemented with yeast-based nucleotides

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 166-169页

作者： Samuel m.Waititu Jung m.Heo Rob Patterson Charles m.Nyachoti department of Animal Science University of Manitoba department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Chungnam National University Canadian Bio-systems Inc.

dietary nucleotides are bioactive compounds with the potential to mitigate weaning-associated challenges in piglets. An experiment was conducted to determine the interaction effect of antimicrobial growth promoters(AGP) and a nucleotide-rich yeast extract(NRYE) on growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility(ATTd) of dry matter(dm), crude protein(CP) and gross energy(GE),and to establish whether NRYE supplementation may completely or partially replace AGP in diets for weaned pigs. In phase 1 and 2, corn, wheat, canola meal and soybean meal based diets, which were formulated to contain 0.0 or 0.1% NRYE with 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of the recommended AGP dosage, were fed to 108 twenty-one day old piglets(initial body weight 7.11 ± 0.9 kg; mean ±Sd) from d 1 to 14 and15 to 28, respectively. Overall, increasing AGP level in NRYE supplemented diets linearly decreased average daily gain(AdG)(P = 0.002) and gain-to-feed ratio(G:F)(P = 0.007); and quadratically decreased ATTd of dm(P = 0.001), CP(P =0.003) and G:F(P = 0.017) during phase 2. Compared with control and pigs fed NRYE with 100% of recommended AGP dosage, pigs fed 0.1% NRYE without AGP had greater(P dG and G:F in phase 2 and overall. In conclusion, supplementing 0.1% NRYE improved growth performance of pigs but this beneficial effect was reduced by increasing dietary AGP dosage.

关键词： Antimicrobial growth promoters digestibility Growth performance Piglet Nucleotide-rich yeast extract