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Probing the Efficiency of PPMG-Based Composite Electrolytes for Applications of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 262-283页

作者： shakeel Ahmed Faizah Altaf Safyan Akram Khan Sumaira Manzoor Aziz ahmad muhammad Mansha Shahid Ali Ata-ur-Rehman Karl Jacob School of Material Science and Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nano-Photoelectric Magnetic MaterialsHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic *** acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene *** proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/*** induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic *** single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 *** highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative *** showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical *** results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Sulfonated graphene oxide Polyvinylpyrrolidone Solution casting Membrane electrode assembly Fuel cell performance

Application of Synthetic Iron Oxyhydroxide with Influencing Factors for Removal of As(Ⅴ) and As(Ⅲ) from Groundwater

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 998-1009页

作者： shakeel Ahmed Talpur muhammad Yousuf Jat Baloch Chunli Su Javed Iqbal Aziz Ahmed Hafeez Ahmed Talpur School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China DiSPUTer Department of PsychologicalHealth and Territory SciencesUniversity“G.d′Annunzio”Chieti-Pescara66100 ChietiItaly College of New Energy and Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China School of Plant Environment and Soil SciencesLouisiana State University Agricultural CentreBaton Rouge LA 70803USA Department od Engineering and Geology University“G.d′Annunzio”Chieti-Pescara66100 ChietiItaly

Synthesized iron oxyhydroxide was applied for the adsorptive removal of As(V)and As(III)from the aquas ***,this investigation highlighted the synergistic effect of calcium carbonate in conjunction with iron oxyhydroxide,resulting in enhanced removal *** experiment was conducted under various conditions:concentration,dosage,pH,agitation,and *** characterizations such as Brunauer Emmett Teller,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were implied to understand adsorption *** Langmuir model revealed optimal concentrations for As(V)=500μg/L at pH-5 and As(III)=200μg/L at pH-7,resulting in 95%and 93%adsorption efficiencies,*** adsorption capacities“qm”were found to be 1266.943μg/g for As(V)and 1080.241μg/g for As(III).Freundlich model demonstrated favorable adsorption by indicating“n>1”such as As(V)=2.542 and As(III)=2.707;similarly,the speciation factor“RL<1”for both species as As(V)=0.1 and As(III)=0.5,*** kinetic study presented a pseudo-second-order model as best fitted,indicating throughout chemisorption processes for removing As(V)and As(III).Furthermore,incorporating calcium carbonate presented a significant leap in the removal efficiency,indicating As(V)from 95%to 98%and As(III)from 93%to 96%,*** findings offer profound motivation for developing effective and sustainable solutions to tackle arsenic contamination,underscoring the exceptional promise of iron oxyhydroxide in conjunction with calcium carbonate to achieve maximum removal efficiency.

关键词： adsorption arsenic As(V) As(III) iron oxyhydroxide isotherms kinetics groundwater.

Advancements in the Development of Various Types of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells:A Comparative Review

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Energy Engineering 2021年第4期118卷 737-759页

作者： Sandhia Bai A.K.Amirruddin A.K.Pandey M.Samykano muhammad shakeel ahmad Kamal Sharma V.V.Tyagi Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity Malaysia PahangPahang26300Malaysia Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversitySelangor47500Malaysia Higher Institution Centre of Excellence UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced CentreUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur59990Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Engineering and TechnologyGLA UniversityMathura281406India School of Energy Management Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraJammu and Kashmir182320India

The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental ***,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy demand and mitigate the effect of global ***-cost solar energy harvesting technologies are most feasible *** solar cells technologies have been developed with improved overall performance and conversion ***,due to low cost and a wide range of applications,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)have been immensely focused on one of the most promising third-generation solar *** highest conversion efficiency of DSSC achieved after three decades of research is more than 14%,but the commercialization of this technology is still a *** this review paper,an attempt has been made to present the comparison of different articles published,that gives the in-depth study of recent developments in various types of DSSCs based on architectural assembly and physical *** overview of the limitations and challenges with their possible improvement strategies have also been *** review paper concludes that appropriate selection of electrolytes dramatically affects the performance of DSSC,and quasi-solid-state electrolyte proves to be a better ***,it also concludes that tandem structures are widely agreed with the approach to expand light utilization spectrum for an overall increase in its ***,still,the research is required,which could efficiently widen the applications of the DSSCs.

关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells solar energy architectural assembly quasi-solid electrolyte tandem structures

Tumor deposits in axillary adipose tissue in patients with breast cancer:Do they matter?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第6期12卷 1045-1049页

作者： Muhammed Mubarak Rahma Rashid Shaheera shakeel Department of Histopathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan

Tumor deposits(TDs)are defined as discrete,irregular clusters of tumor cells lying in the soft tissue adjacent to but separate from the primary tumor,and are usually found in the lymphatic drainage area of the primary *** definition,no residual lymph node structure should be identified in these tumor *** present,TDs are mainly reported in colorectal cancer,with a few reports in gastric *** are very few reports on breast cancer(BC).For TDs,current dominant theories suggest that these are the result of lymph node metastasis of the tumor with complete destruction of the lymph nodes by the tumor *** some pathologists classify a TD as two lymph node metastases for *** pathologists also believe that TDs belong to the category of disseminated ***,regardless of the origin,TDs are an indicator of poor ***,for BC,sentinel lymph node biopsy is generally used at *** radical axillary lymph node dissection should be adopted for BC with TDs in axillary lymph nodes is still *** present commentary of this clinical issue has certain guiding *** is aimed to increase the awareness of the scientific community towards this under-recognized problem in BC pathology.

关键词： Breast cancer Tumor deposits Lymph node metastasis Staging

Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation: Expanding etiologic and pathogenetic spectra

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 84-95页

作者： Muhammed Mubarak Amber Raza Rahma Rashid Fnu Sapna Shaheera shakeel Department of Histopathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Nephrology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Pathology Montefiore Medical CenterThe University Hospital for Albert Einstein School of MedicineBronxNY 10461United States

Thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA)is an uncommon but serious complication that not only affects native kidneys but also transplanted *** review is specifically focused on post-transplant TMA(PT-TMA)involving kidney transplant *** reported prevalence in the latter population varies from 0.8%to 14%with adverse impacts on both graft and patient *** has many causes and associations,and the list of etiologic agents and associations is growing *** pathogenesis is equally varied and a variety of pathogenetic pathways lead to the development of microvascular injury as the final common ***-TMA is categorized in many ways in order to facilitate its ***,more than one causes are contributory in PT-TMA and it is often difficult to pinpoint one particular cause in an individual ***,the hallmark lesions are endothelial cell injury and intravascular thrombi affecting the *** diagnosis and classification of PT-TMA are imperative for optimal outcomes but are challenging for both clinicians and *** Banff classification has addressed this issue and has developed minimum diagnostic criteria for pathologic diagnosis of PT-TMA in the first *** of the condition is also challenging and still largely *** varies from simple maneuvers,such as plasmapheresis,drug withdrawal or modification,or dose reduction,to lifelong complement blockade,which is very expensive.A thorough understanding of the condition is imperative for an early diagnosis and quick treatment when the treatment is potentially *** review aims to increase the awareness of relevant stakeholders regarding this important,potentially treatable but under-recognized cause of kidney allograft dysfunction.

关键词： Thrombotic microangiopathy Microvascular injury Anemia Thrombocytopenia Kidney allograft failure

Expanding role and scope of artificial intelligence in the field of gastrointestinal pathology

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2024年第2期5卷 10-19页

作者： Muhammed Mubarak Rahma Rashid Fnu Sapna Shaheera shakeel Department of Histopathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Pathology Montefiore Medical CenterThe University Hospital for Albert Einstein School of MedicineBronxNY 10461United States

Digital pathology(DP)and its subsidiaries including artificial intelligence(AI)are rapidly making inroads into the area of diagnostic anatomic pathology(AP)including gastrointestinal(GI)*** is poised to revolutionize the field of diagnostic ***,AP has been slow to adopt digital technology,but this is changing rapidly,with many centers worldwide transitioning to *** with advanced techniques of AI such as deep learning and machine learning,DP is likely to transform histopathology from a subjective field to an objective,efficient,and transparent *** is increasingly integrated into GI pathology,offering numerous advancements and improvements in overall diagnostic accuracy,efficiency,and patient ***,AI in GI pathology enhances diagnostic accuracy,streamlines workflows,provides predictive insights,integrates multimodal data,supports research,and aids in education and training,ultimately improving patient care and *** review summarized the latest developments in the role and scope of AI in AP with a focus on GI *** main aim was to provide updates and create awareness among the pathology community.

关键词： Gastrointestinal pathology Digital pathology Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning Precision diagnostics

欧姆加热纳米流体中具有热跳现象移动表面的Falkner-Skan流分析

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Journal of Central South University 2023年第3期30卷 834-843页

作者： ahmad shakeel Farooq HINA Farooq muhammad Department of Mathematics and Statistics Riphah International UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics The University of HaripurHaripur 22600Pakistan

边界层假设下的Falkner-Skan流分析因其在渗流、导热垫、热交换器、油层检测和地热分析等许多工业领域和过程中的广泛应用引起了越来越多的关注。本文主要研究了氧化石墨烯-水纳米流体的Falkner-Skan磁楔流。通过对驻点附近进行分析,研... 详细信息

边界层假设下的Falkner-Skan流分析因其在渗流、导热垫、热交换器、油层检测和地热分析等许多工业领域和过程中的广泛应用引起了越来越多的关注。本文主要研究了氧化石墨烯-水纳米流体的Falkner-Skan磁楔流。通过对驻点附近进行分析,研究了可拉伸壁面的速度和热滑现象,以及黏性耗散和欧姆加热对热传输的影响。利用同伦算法说明了相关参数与速度和热传输机理的关系,阐述了Nusselt数和表面摩擦因数的影响。结果表明:温度随着Brinkman数的增长而升高,进一步的热跳则使温度场减小;Hartmann数的增加使热场厚度增大,动量谱厚度减小。该研究对医疗、高温设施、热交换器和机械结构有极大意义。

关键词： Falkner-Skan流纳米流体磁流体动力驻点速度滑移热滑黏性耗散欧姆加热

Nitrogen management improves lodging resistance and production in maize(Zea mays L.)at a high plant density

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第2期22卷 417-433页

作者： Irshad ahmad Maksat BATYRBEK Khushnuma IKRAM shakeel ahmad muhammad KAMRAN Misbah Raham Sher KHAN HOU Fu-jiang HAN Qing-fang Key Laboratory of Crop Physio-Ecology and Tillage Science in North-Western Loess Plateau Ministry of Agriculture/College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Engineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of Education/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020P.R.China Department of Biotechnology Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan

Lodging in maize leads to yield losses *** this study,we determined the effects of traditional and optimized nitrogen management strategies on culm morphological characteristics,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,root growth,lodging percentage and production in maize at a high plant *** compared a traditional nitrogen(N)application rate of 300 kg ha–1(R)and an optimized N application rate of 225 kg ha^(–1)(O)under four N application modes:50%of N applied at sowing and 50%at the 10th-leaf stage(N1);100%of N applied at sowing(N2);40%of N applied at sowing,40%at the 10th-leaf stage and 20%at tasseling stage(N3);and 30%of N applied at sowing,30%at the 10th-leaf stage,20%at the tasseling stage,and 20%at the silking stage(N4).The optimized N rate(225 kg ha^(–1))significantly reduced internode lengths,plant height,ear height,center of gravity height and lodging *** optimized N rate significantly increased internode diameters,filling degrees,culm mechanical strength,root growth and lignin *** application of N in four split doses(N4)significantly improved culm morphological characteristics,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,and root growth,while it reduced internode lengths,plant height,ear height,center of gravity height and lodging *** diameters,filling degrees,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,number and diameter of brace roots,root volume,root dry weight,bleeding safe and grain yield were significantly negatively correlated with plant height,ear height,center of gravity height,internode lengths and lodging *** conclusion,treatment ON4 significantly reduced the lodging percentage by improving the culm morphological characteristics,culm mechanical strength,lignin content,and root growth,so it improved the production of the maize crop at a high plant density.

关键词： high plant density lodging resistance maize nitrogen rates nitrogen application modes

Changes in Germination and Seedling Traits of Sesame under Simulated Drought

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 713-726页

作者： Mukhtar Ahmed Ahmed M.S.Kheir muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood shakeel ahmad Mirza Hasanuzzaman Department of Agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan International Center for Biosaline Agriculture Directorate of ProgramsDubai14660United Arab Emirates Soils Water and Environment Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Department of Agronomy Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh

Drought is considered one of the leading abiotic constraints to agricultural crop production *** study was conducted to assess the effects of different drought treatments(***,10%PEG,and 20%PEG)on seed germination,germination indices,seedling traits,and drought tolerance indices of *** results showed that maximum reduction in the studied parameters was observed at higher PEG concentration(i.e.,20%PEG).As compared to control,the drought treatments viz.10%and 20%PEG decreased the values for germination indices,such as germination percentage,coefficient of variation of germination time,germination index,and seedling vigor ***,for seedling traits,the values were decreased for root length,shoot length,root shoot ratio,root fresh weight,shoot fresh weight,root dry weight and shoot dry weight under 10%and 20%PEG treatments significantly in comparison with ***,relative to control,the values for drought tolerance indices,such as germination drought tolerance index,root length drought tolerance index,shoot length drought tolerance index,total seedling length drought tolerance index,root fresh weight drought tolerance index,shoot fresh weight drought tolerance index,total fresh weight drought tolerance index,root dry weight drought tolerance index,shoot dry weight drought tolerance index and total dry weight drought tolerance index were also reduced under 10%and 20%PEG treatments,*** results confirms that drought impact on seed germination and seedling traits could be quantified by using different indices which can further help to design drought adaptation and mitigation *** on these results it can be concluded that germination indices,seedling traits,and drought tolerance indices have great potential to simulate drought stress impacts on different crop traits thus they should be used in all kinds of stress related studies.

关键词： Sesame drought stress PEG germination indices seedling traits drought tolerance indices