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Modeling and forecasting exchange rate volatility in Bangladesh using GARCH models:a comparison based on normal and Student's t-error distribution

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Financial Innovation 2017年第1期3卷 238-256页

作者： S.M.Abdullah Salina Siddiqua muhammad shahadat hossain siddiquee Nazmul hossain Department of Economics University of DhakaDhakaBangladesh Department of Development Studies University of DhakaDhakaBangladesh University of Manchester ManchesterUK

Background:Modeling exchange rate volatility has remained crucially important because of its diverse *** study aimed to address the issue of error distribution assumption in modeling and forecasting exchange rate volatility between the Bangladeshi taka(BDT)and the US dollar($).Methods:Using daily exchange rates for 7 years(January 1,2008,to April 30,2015),this study attempted to model dynamics following generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic(GARCH),asymmetric power ARCH(APARCH),exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedstic(EGARCH),threshold generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedstic(TGARCH),and integrated generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedstic(IGARCH)processes under both normal and Student’s t-distribution assumptions for *** and Conclusions:It was found that,in contrast with the normal distribution,the application of Student’s t-distribution for errors helped the models satisfy the diagnostic tests and show improved forecasting *** such error distribution for out-of-sample volatility forecasting,AR(2)–GARCH(1,1)is considered the best.

关键词： Exchange rate Volatility ARCH GARCH Student’s t Error distribution

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Zoonotic human liver flukes, a type 1 biocarcinogen, in freshwater fishes: genetic analysis and confirmation of molluscan vectors and reservoir hosts in Bangladesh

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第3期13卷 73-88页

作者： Labony Sharmin Shahid Alim Md. Abdul Hasan muhammad Mehedi hossain Md. shahadat Akter Sharmin Paul Joydeep Farjana Thahsin Ali Md. Haydar Alam Mohammad Zahangir Hatta Takeshi Kawada Hayato Mizutani Keiko Tsuji Naotoshi Anisuzzaman Department of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Science Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh Department of Fisheries Technology Faculty of Fisheries Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh Department of Biotechnology School of Life Sciences &amp Biotechnology Adamas University Barasat - Barrackpore Rd Jagannathpur Kolkata West Bengal India Department of Pathology and Parasitology Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur Bangladesh Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine Kitasato University School of Medicine-15-Kitasato Minami Sagamihara Kanagawa-0374 Japan Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences-15-Kitasato Minami Sagamihara Kanagawa-0373 Japan

Background Opisthorchiid flukes, particularlyOpisthorchis viverrini,Opisthorchis felineus,Clonorchis sinensis, andMetorchis spp. are the most common fish-borne zoonotic human liver flukes (hLFs). Liver fluke infections are more prevalent in resource-deprived and underprivileged areas. We herein estimated the prevalence of the metacercariae (MC) of major hLFs in common large freshwater fishes (lFWF) marketed for human consumption from some selected areas of Bangladesh along with detection of their molluscan vectors and *** The current status of fish-borne zoonotic hLF infections in lFWF was investigated along with their molluscan vectors and mammalian reservoir hosts in Mymensingh and Kishoreganj in Bangladesh from July 2018–June 2022 using conventional and multiple molecular techniques, such as PCR, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), sequencing, and bioinformatic analyses. The infection rate of fishes was analyzed using theZ-test and the loads of MC were compared using the chi-squared (χ2) *** The MC ofC. sinensis,Opisthorchis spp., andMetorchis spp. were detected in 11 species of common and popular lFWF. In lFWF, the estimated prevalence was 18.7% and the mean load was 137.4 ± 149.8 MC per 100 g of fish. The prevalence was the highest (P 0.05) distributed between the head and body of fishes. The infection rate was slightly higher in cultured (19.6%) fishes. The MC ofC. sinensis,O. felineus,O. viverrini, andMetorchis orientalis in fishes were confirmed using PCR, PCR-RFLP and bioinformatics. The cercariae of opisthorchiid (Pleurolophocercus cercariae) flukes were only recovered fromBithynia spp. (3.9%, 42 out of 1089). The ova of hLFs from dogs (4.3%, 5 out of 116) and cats (6.0%, 6 out of 100), and adult flukes (***) from ducks

关键词： Human liver fluke Freshwater fish Molluscan vector Reservoir host Bangladesh

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