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Al3+ doped CeO2 for proton conducting fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2253-2262页

作者： sarfraz Shahzad Rasool muhammad Khalid M.A.K.Yousaf Shah Bin Zhu Jung-Sik Kim muhammad Imran Asghar Nabeela Akbar Wenjing Dong Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage joint Research Center School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Sino-French Engineer School/School of General Engineering Beihang University Renewable Energy Technologies Group Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Tampere University School of Microelectronics Hubei University

Developing high ionic conducting electrolytes is crucial for applying proton-conducting fuel cell （PCFCs） *** current study investigates the effect of alumina on the structural,morphological,electrical,and electrochemical properties of *** oxygen vacancies are induced in CeO2by a general doping concept that enables fast ionic conduction at low-temperature ranges（300–500°C） for *** refinement of the X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns established the pure cubic fluorite structure of Aldoped CeO2（ADC） samples and confirmed Al ions’fruitful integration in the *** electronic structure of the alumina-doped ceria of the materials （10ADC,20ADC,and 30ADC） has been *** a result,it was found that the best composition of 30ADC-based electrolytes induced maximum lattice oxygen *** corresponding PCFC exhibited a maximum power output of 923 mW/cm2at 500°***,the investigation proves the proton-conducting ability of alumina-doped ceria-based fuel cells by using an oxide ion-blocking layer.

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Early versus delayed necrosectomy in pancreatic necrosis:A population-based cohort study on readmission,healthcare utilization,and in-hospital mortality

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 55-67页

作者： Hassam Ali Faisal Inayat Vinay Jahagirdar Fouad Jaber Arslan Afzal Pratik Patel Hamza Tahir muhammad Sajeel Anwar Attiq Ur Rehman muhammad sarfraz Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Gul Nawaz Dushyant Singh Dahiya Amir H Sohail muhammad Aziz Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States Division of Gastroenterology Mather Hospital and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra UniversityPort JeffersonNY 11777United States Department of Internal Medicine Jefferson Einstein HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19141United States Department of Internal Medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnson CityNY 13790United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States

BACKGROUND Acute necrotizing pancreatitis is a severe and life-threatening *** poses a considerable challenge for clinicians due to its complex nature and the high risk of *** minimally invasive and open necrosectomy procedures have been *** advancements in treatment modalities,the optimal timing to perform necrosectomy lacks *** To evaluate the impact of necrosectomy timing on patients with pancreatic necrosis in the United *** A national retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 2016-2019 Nationwide Readmissions *** with non-elective admissions for pancreatic necrosis were *** participants were divided into two groups based on the necrosectomy timing:The early group received intervention within 48 hours,whereas the delayed group underwent the procedure after 48 *** various intervention techniques included endoscopic,percutaneous,or surgical *** major outcomes of interest were 30-day readmission rates,healthcare utilization,and inpatient *** A total of 1309 patients with pancreatic necrosis were *** propensity score matching,349 cases treated with early necrosectomy were matched to 375 controls who received delayed *** early cohort had a 30-day readmission rate of 8.6% compared to 4.8%in the delayed cohort(P=0.040).Early necrosectomy had lower rates of mechanical ventilation(2.9%vs 10.9%,P<0.001),septic shock(8%vs 19.5%,P<0.001),and in-hospital mortality(1.1%vs 4.3%,P=0.01).Patients in the early intervention group incurred lower healthcare costs,with median total charges of $52202 compared to$147418 in the delayed *** in the early cohort also had a relatively shorter median length of stay(6 vs 16 days,P<0.001).The timing of necrosectomy did not significantly influence the risk of 30-day readmission,with a hazard ratio of 0.56(95%confidence interval:0.31-1.02,P=0.06).CONCLUSION Our findings show that

关键词： Acute necrotizing pancreatitis Pancreatic necrosis Early necrosectomy Delayed necrosectomy Readmission,Healthcare costs Mortality

Dock-able linear and homodetic di, tri, tetra and pentapeptide library from canonical amino acids: SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as a case study

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第5期13卷 523-534页

作者： sarfraz Ahmad muhammad Usman Mirza John F.Trant Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of WindsorWindsor N9B 3P4OntarioCanada Binary Star Research Services LaSalle N9J 3X8OntarioCanada

Peptide-based therapeutics are increasingly pushing to the forefront of biomedicine with their promise of high specificity and low *** noncanonical residues can always be used,employing only the natural 20 residues restricts the chemical space to a finite dimension allowing for comprehensive in silico *** this goal,the dataset comprising all possible di-,tri-,and tetra-peptide combinations of the canonical residues has been previously ***,with increasing computational power,the comprehensive set of pentapeptides is now also feasible for screening as the comprehensive set of cyclic peptides comprising four or five ***,we provide both the complete and prefiltered libraries of all di-,tri-,tetra-,and penta-peptide sequences from 20 canonical amino acids and their homodetic(N-to-C-terminal)cyclic *** FASTA,simplified molecular-input line-entry system(SMILES),and structure-data file(SDF)-three dimension(3D)libraries can be readily used for screening against protein *** also provide a simple method and tool for conducting identity-based *** to this dataset will accelerate small peptide screening workflows and encourage their use in drug discovery *** a case study,the developed library was screened against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)main protease to identify potential small peptide inhibitors.

关键词： Dipeptides Tripeptides Tetrapeptides Pentapeptides N-to-C-terminal cyclic peptides Peptide library

Impact of rangeland enclosure and seasonal grazing on protected and unprotected rangelands in Chakwal region, Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第4期19卷 46-57页

作者： ISLAM muhammad RAZZAQ Abdul ZUBAIR muhammad HASSAN Sawsan AHMAD sarfraz GUL Shamim RISCHKOWSKY Barbara LOUHAICHI Mounir International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) South AsiaIslamabad 44050Pakistan Animal Science Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan Department of Forestry and Range Management Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 66000Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Amman 11185Jordan Natural Resource Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan Botany Department University of Balochistan Quetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill UniversityQuebec H9X3V9Canada International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) SSAILRI campusAddis Ababa 5689Ethiopia International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Tunis 1004Tunisia

Scrub rangelands support livestock grazing and provide ecosystem services to their inhabitants. The present study was conducted in Chakwal, an important tract of the Pothwar Plateau,which sustains herds of small domestic and nomadic ruminants. Urbanization and uncontrolled grazing practices have reduced rangeland productivity and increased soil erosion and resulted in poor land conditions. This study assessed the influence of two years of rangeland protection on aboveground vegetation biomass and the chemical composition of plants and aimed to determine the influence of seasonal grazing on the live-weight gain of small *** the line intercept method, vegetation data from protected and unprotected plots in 2015 and 2016 were collected at two sites, Dhulli and *** cover was assessed from images using VegMeasure. Results showed that protected study sites displayed higher vegetation biomass(834 and 690 kg ha^(-1)) compared to the unprotected study site(477 and 326 kg ha^(-1)) during April and August of both years. In the seasonal grazing trial, the experimental ewes that grazed on protected rangelands showed higher live-weight gain(33–63 g day^(-1)) compared to live weight of ewes(17–21 g day^(-1)) that grazed on unprotected rangelands during the experimental period of 127 days at both sites. The results suggest that the Chakwal rangeland has tremendous potential to improve vegetation productivity but modern livestock management and seasonal grazing practices are needed to improve carrying capacity and livestock productivity.

关键词： Seasonal grazing Climate change Productivity Rangeland Protected area

Influence of rangeland protection and seasonal grazing on aboveground vegetation,forage quality and weight gain of small ruminants–a study in Thar Desert,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 403-414页

作者： ISLAM muhammad RAZZAQ Abdul HASSAN Sawsan ZUBAIR muhammad KALROO muhammad Waseem KHAN Attaullah GUL Shamim AHMAD sarfraz RISCHKOWSKY Barbara Ann LOUHAICHI Mounir International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) South AsiaIslamabad 44050Pakistan Animal Science Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Amman 11185Jordan Department of Forestry and Range Management Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 66000Pakistan PARC-Arid Zone Research Institute Umerkot 69100Pakistan Department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill UniversityQuebec H9X3V9Canada Natural Resource Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) SSAILRI campusAddis Ababa 5689Ethiopia International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Tunis 1004Tunisia

The Thar Desert,Sindh,Pakistan is characterized by low ***,economy is based on agriculture,livestock and mining,nevertheless,livestock graze freely on public and private *** aim of this research was to determine biomass production and to evaluate the effects of continuous and seasonal grazing on protected and unprotected plots.A 45 ha protected rangeland area of Hurrabad in the Umerkot Thar desert was selected and divided into three blocks of 15 ha *** of the same size were also established in unprotected *** data for vegetation biomass,canopy cover,forage nutrients and weight gain of animals in two seasons(spring and summer)was collected from both protected and unprotected *** results showed that biomass significantly increased in summer in both ***,the biomass values in protected sites were significantly ***,the vegetation cover also seemed to increase in summer in both protected(90.7%±0.29%)and unprotected sites(39.2%±0.09%).The foliar concentrations of all nutrients varied significantly with *** average final live-weight gain for does on the protected grazing sites during the 42-day period in spring and the 96 days after the monsoon was almost double that of does grazing on the unprotected site during 2016 and 2017(P<0.05).The study concludes that the protection of grazing lands during certain periods can lead to better production of vegetation and livestock and improve range conditions.

关键词： Rangeland productivity Seasonal grazing Stocking rate Thar Desert Vegetation quality

Impact of foreign direct investment on the exports of five major sectors of Pakistan’s economy:A governance perspective

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中国人口·资源与环境:英文版 2023年第3期21卷 181-188页

作者： Kamran Farid Tahir Mahmood muhammad Mumtaz sarfraz Hussain Ansari Department of Economics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Economics Karakoram International UniversityGilgit15100Pakistan Department of Economics University of Religions and DenominationsQom37100Iran Department of Public Administration Fatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindi46000Pakistan National Defence University Islamabad 44230Pakistan

This study investigates and analyses empirically the impact of Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)inflows on the exports for a panel series of five large-scale manufacturing industries of Pakistan during the period *** this purpose,we establish export production function as based on endogenous growth theory in which role of FDI is considered as additional determinant of *** Pedroni residual-based co-integration test and Error Correction Model(ECM)are applied for the long and short-run *** residual based approach highlighted that human capitals,domestic capitals,foreign direct investments,exports,and domestic sales are co-integrated in the long *** to results of ECM,coefficient of FDI appears to have statistical significant impact on exports and has a positive sign in the long ***,FDI does not contribute to export growth in the short run but it takes time to influence the growth patterns of the *** the basis of theoretical notion of endogenous growth theory,long-run coefficient of FDI may be interpreted as evidence in favour of the hypotheses that FDI has an impact on exports via export ***,it can be concluded that“FDI-based endogenous growth theory”is valid in the case of Pakistan.

关键词： FDI Exports Panel Data Pakistan

Water-stable ZIF-300/Ultrason? mixed-matrix membranes for selective CO_2 capture from humid post combustion flue gas

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第5期26卷 1012-1021页

作者： muhammad sarfraz M. Ba-Shammakh Department of Polymer and Process Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54890 Pakistan Department of Chemical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

Water stable mixed-matrix membranes(MMMs) were developed to help control the global warming by capturing and sequestrating carbon dioxide(CO_2) from post-combustion flue gas originated from burning of fossil *** of different compositions were prepared by doping glassy polymer Ultrason? S 6010(US) with nanocrystals of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks(ZIF-300) in varying degrees. Solution-casting technique was used to fabricate various MMMs to optimize their CO_2 capturing performance from both dry and wet gases. The prepared composite membranes indicated enhanced filler-polymer interfacial adhesion, consistent distribution of nanofiller, and thermally established matrix configuration. CO_2 permeability of the membranes was enhanced as demonstrated by gas sorption and permeation experiments performed under both dry and wet conditions. As compared to neat Ultrason? membrane, CO_2 permeability of the composite membrane doped with 40 wt% ZIF-300 nanocrystals was increased by four times without disturbing CO_2/N_2 ideal selectivity. In contrast to majority of previously reported membranes, key features of the fabricated MMMs include their structural stability under humid conditions coupled with better and unaffected gas separation performance.

关键词：烟道气体混合矩阵 CO2 燃烧潮湿马厩膜柱子

A Seismic Hazard Map Based on Geology and Shear-wave Velocity in Rawalpindi–Islamabad,Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第2期95卷 659-673页

作者： sarfraz KHAN muhammad WASEEM M.Asif KHAN National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawar 25130KPPakistan University of Peshawar 25120 KPPakistan

The‘twin cities’district of Rawalpindi–Islamabad is among the most endangered seismic regions in Pakistan,with the seismic hazard assessed(0.32 g)to intensity IX MMI for a 475-year return period.A seismic hazard map for Rawalpindi–Islamabad is presented herein,based on 85 shear-wave velocity(VS)profiles obtained through geophysical H/V measurements and from the geological map of the *** between the average top thirty-meter shear-wave velocities(VS30)and surficial geological units have been *** peak ground acceleration(PGA)maps for 150,475 and 2475-year return periods were converted into a seismic intensity *** increments for different soils were used to compute PGA values for 150,475 and 2475-year return *** located on softer ground experienced a higher degree of damage from moderate *** to the presence of soft clay or liquefiable soil and lateral spreading,a few locations may be classified as hybrid sites class C and *** map is a critical step in facilitating code-based site classification and seismic design throughout Rawalpindi–*** the seismic hazard map based on seismic intensities is no longer used in engineering geology,it is still important in seismological analysis and for civil protection purposes.

关键词： seismic hazard site classification intensity increment engineering geology Rawalpindi-Islamabad

Neural stem cell-based in vitro bioassay for the assessment of neurotoxic potential of water samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 72-86页

作者： muhammad Irfan Masood Natalie Tamara Hauke muhammad Jawad Nasim muhammad sarfraz Mahrukh Naseem Karl Herbert Schäfer Division of Bioorganic Chemistry School of PharmacySaarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbrückenGermany Applied Life Sciences University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern66482 ZweibrückenGermany ENS Group University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern66482 ZweibrückenGermany Abwasserverband Bergstrasse Altau 1069469 WeinheimGermany Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences54000 LahorePakistan Department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87550Pakistan

Intensive agriculture activities,industrialization and growing numbers of wastewater treatment plants along river banks collectively contribute to the elevated levels of neurotoxic pollutants in natural water reservoirs across *** established an in vitro bioassay based upon neural stem cells isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal mouse to evaluate the neurotoxic potential of raw wastewater,treated sewage effluent,groundwater and drinking *** toxic potential of water samples was evaluated employing viability,proliferation,differentiation and migration *** found that raw wastewater could reduce the viability and proliferation of neural stem cells,and decreased the neuronal and astrocyte differentiation,neuronal neurite growth,astrocyte growth and cell *** sewage water also showed inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and *** results indicated that relatively high concentrations of nitrogenous substances,pesticides,mercuric compounds,bisphenol-A,and phthalates,along with some other pollutants in raw wastewater and treated sewage water,might be the reason for the neuroinhibitory effects of these water *** model successfully predicted the neurotoxicity of water samples collected from different sources and also revealed that the incomplete removal of contaminants from wastewater can be problematic for the developing nervous *** presented data also provides strong evidence that more effective treatments should be used to minimize the contamination of water before release into major water bodies which may be considered as water reservoirs for human usage in the future.

关键词： Neural stem cells Subventricular zone Neurotoxicity Bioassay Treated sewage effluents Pesticides