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A native herbaceous community exerts a strong allelopathic effect on the woody range-expander Betula fruticosa

Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 131-140页

作者： Lichao Wang Ayub M.o.oduor Yanjie Liu State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Applied Biology Technical University of KenyaNairobiKenya

Biological invasions by alien and range-expanding native plant species can suppress native plants through ***,the homeland security hypothesis suggests that some native plants can resist invasion by producing allelopathic compounds that inhibit the growth of invasive *** research has focused on allelopathic interactions between individual native and invasive plant species,with less emphasis on how allelopathy helps entire native communities resist ***,limited knowledge exists about allelopathic interactions between range-expanding native species and recipient native communities,and their influence on invasion *** bridge this knowledge gap,we conducted two greenhouse competition experiments to test reciprocal allelopathic effects between a native woody range-expanding species,Betula fruticosa,and a community of four native herbaceous species(Sanguisorba officinalis,Gentiana manshurica,Sium suave and Deyeuxia angustifolia)in *** assessed whether *** and the native community differed in their competitive effects and responses,and whether these were influenced by activated carbon,which neutralizes allelochemicals in the *** carbon reduced the suppressive effects of the native community on the above-ground biomass of ***,which indicates that the native community exerted a strong allelopathic effect on *** contrast,activated carbon only marginally enhanced the suppressive effects of *** on the native community,which indicates that allelopathy is not the primary mechanism by which *** exerts its ***,these findings support the homeland security hypothesis and suggest that biotic resistance from the native herbaceous community may limit the invasion success of the woody range-expander ***.

关键词： allelochemicals competition encroachment global change non-native shrub

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Unraveling the interaction between soil microbiomes and their potential for restoring polluted soils

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 149-151页

作者： Carlos o.Lomeli-ortega Mingming Sun Jose Luis Balcazar Catalan Institute for Water Research(ICRA-CERCA) Girona 17003Spain University of Girona Girona 17004Spain Soil Ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soils are not exempt from anthropogenic pollution,which can eventually cause disturbance of the microbial communities and areas without any kind of *** soil microbiota,bacteria play an important role in pollutant degradation,enabling them to thrive in contaminated *** this,several techniques have been used to increase the number of pollutantdegrading bacteria in situ or for subsequent ***,bacteriophages exhibit a high tolerance to pollutants and enhance bacterial metabolic activity through phage-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes(AMGs),thereby augmenting their skills for nutrient assimilation,resistance to phage infection,antibiotic resistance,heavy metal resistance,and degradation of pesticides and xenobiotics,among *** phage-encoded AMGs have been described during the last few years,but their diversity,distribution,and function have not been extensively explored,warranting further ***,we highlight soil microbiome interactions,especially bacterium and phage interactions to understand this unexplored world with a high potential for restoring polluted soils.

关键词： Auxiliary metabolic genes Microbiome Pollutants Soils Viruses

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Fast prediction of rain erosion in wind turbine blades using a data-based computational tool

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 504-518页

作者： Juan M.Gimenez Sergio R.Idelsohn Eugenio oñate Centre Internacional de Mètodes Numèrics en Enginyeria(CIMNE) Edifici C1 Campus Nord UPC C/Gran CapitàS/NBarcelonaSpain

Wind turbines(WTs)face a high risk of failure due to environmental factors like erosion,particularly in high-precipitation areas and offshore *** this paper we introduce a novel computational tool for the fast prediction of rain erosion damage on WT blades that is useful in operation and maintenance decision making *** approach is as follows:Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation(P-DNS)simulations of the droplet-laden flow around the blade section profile are employed to build a high-fidelity data set of impact statistics for potential operating *** this database as training data,a machine learning-based surrogate model provides the feature of the impact pattern over the 2-D section for given wind and rain *** this information,a fatigue-based model estimates the remaining lifetime and erosion damage for both homogeneous and coating-substrate blade *** prediction is done by quantifying the accumulated droplet impact energy and evaluating operative conditions over time periods for which the weather at the installation site is *** this work,we describe the modules that compose the prediction method,namely the database creation,the training of the surrogate model and their coupling to build the prediction ***,the method is applied to predict the remaining lifetime and erosion damage to the blade sections of a reference *** evaluate the reliability of the tool,several site locations(offshore,coastal,and inland),the coating material and the coating thickness of the blade are *** few minutes we are able to estimate erosion after many years of *** results are in good agreement with field observations,showing the promise of the new rain erosion prediction approach.

关键词： Wind turbine blades leading edge erosion fatigue Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation(P-DNS) machine learning eblader

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Comparison of Perovskite Systems Based on AFeo_(3)(A=Ce,La,Y)in Co_(2) Hydrogenation to Co

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第4期30卷 337-358页

作者： Anna N.Matveyeva Shamil o.omarov Laboratory of Materials and Processes for Hydrogen Energy Ioff e Institute194021 St.PetersburgRussia

Co_(2) is the most cost-eff ective and abundant carbon resource,while the reverse water-gas reaction(rWGS)is one of the most eff ective methods of Co_(2) *** work presents a comparative study of rWGS activity for perovskite systems based on AFeo_(3)(where A=Ce,La,Y).These systems were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis(SCS)with diff erent ratios of fuel(glycine)and oxidizer(φ),diff erent amounts of NH 4 No_(3),and the addition of alumina or silica as *** techniques,including X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,N 2-physisorption,H_(2) temper-ature-programmed reduction,temperature-programmed desorption of H_(2) and Co_(2),Raman spectroscopy,and in situ FTIR,were used to relate the physicochemical properties with the catalytic performance of the obtained *** specifi c perovskite-containing system(either bulk or supported)has its own optimalφand NH_(4) No_(3) amount to achieve the highest yield and dispersion of the perovskite *** all synthesized systems,bulk SCS-derived La-Fe-o systems showed the highest resistance to reducing environments and the easiest hydrogen desorption,outperforming La-Fe-o produced by solgel combustion(SGC).Co_(2) conversion into Co at 600°C for bulk ferrite systems,depending on the A-cation type and preparation method,follows the order La(SGC)operties between La-Fe-o obtained by the SCS and SGC methods can be attributed to diff erent ratios of oxygen and lanthanum vacancy contributions,hydroxyl coverage,morphology,and free iron oxide *** situ FTIR data revealed that Co_(2) hydrogenation occurs through formates generated under reaction conditions on the bulk system based on La-Fe-o,obtained by the SCS method.γ-Al_(2)o_(3) improves the dispersion of CeFeo_(3) and LaFeo_(3) phases,the specifi c surface area,and the quant

关键词： Perovskites LaFeo_(3) CeFeo_(3) YFeo_(3) Solution combustion synthesis Co_(2) hydrogenation Reverse water–gas reaction(rWGS)

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Black hole shadows in Einstein-Bel-Robinson gravity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 272-283页

作者： B.Hamil B.C.Lütfüoğlu Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique Facultédes Sciences ExactesUniversitéConstantine 1ConstantineAlgeria Department of Physics University of Hradec KrálovéRokitanského 6250003 Hradec KrálovéCzechia

Gravity models given by higher-order scalar curvature corrections are believed to bear important consequences. Einstein-Bel-Robinson (EBR) gravity with quartic curvature modification motivated Sajadi et al. to explore static spherically symmetric black hole solutions using perturbative methods. In this study, inspired by their work, we investigate AdS black hole shadows in EBR gravity and demonstrate how the gravity parameter alters the energy emission rate. Finally, we address the same problem in the presence of plasma, because the black holes are thought to be surrounded by a medium that changes the geodesic of photons.

关键词： black hole shadows Einstein-Bel-Robinson gravity plasma

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Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.o'Dell Charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

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Perceived value of microfinance and SME performance: The role of exploratory innovation

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第2期8卷 172-185页

作者： Christian Sarfo Jing A.Zhang Conor o'Kane Paula o'Kane Department of Management University of LincolnBrayford PoolLincoln LN67TSUnited Kingdom Department of Management Otago Business SchoolUniversity of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin9054New Zealand

This study examines how perceived value of microfinance and exploratory innovation affect small and medium-sized enterprises(SME)performance in the context of a developing *** on the strategic innovation and microfinance literature,we hypothesize that(1)perceived value of microfinance affects exploratory innovation and SME performance,and(2)exploratory innovation serves as an effective mechanism through which microfinance enhances SME *** employ partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)to test our *** a sample of 581 Ghanaian SMEs with microfinance,the results of the PLS SEM support our *** further conducted a qualitative analysis of comments provided by the SMEs(n=144)to gain a deeper understanding of exploratory innovation in developing *** findings show that SMEs purposefully attempt to strengthen their exploratory inno-vation in *** discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings as well as future research avenues.

关键词： Perceived value of microfinance Exploratory innovation SME performance

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SIRS epidemic modeling using fractional-ordered differential equations:Role of fear effect

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第5期17卷 79-100页

作者： Shiv Mangal o.P.Misra Joydip Dhar School of Mathematics and Allied Sciences Jiwaji University GwaliorMadhya PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics Post Graduate College BinaMadhya PradeshIndia Department of Applied Sciences Atal Bihari Vajpayee-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management GwaliorMadhya PradeshIndia

In this paper,an SIRS epidemic model using Grunwald-Letnikov fractional-order derivative is formulated with the help of a nonlinear system of fractional differential equations to analyze the effects of fear in the population during the outbreak of deadly infectious *** criteria for the spread or extinction of the disease are derived and discussed on the basis of the basic reproduction *** condition for the existence of Hopf bifurcation is discussed considering fractional order as a bifurcation ***,using the Grunwald-Letnikov approximation,the simulation is carried out to confirm the validity of analytic results *** the real data of CoVID-19 in India recorded during the second wave from 15 May 2021 to 15 December 2021,we estimate the model parameters and find that the fractional-order model gives the closer forecast of the disease than the classical *** the analytical results and numerical simulations presented in this study suggest different policies for controlling or eradicating many infectious diseases.

关键词： SIRS epidemic model fear effect Mittag-Leffler function Hopf bifurcation parameter estimation

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Numerical Simulation of Thermocapillary Convection with Evaporation Induced by Boundary Heating

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1667-1686页

作者： o.N.Goncharova V.B.Bekezhanova Altai State University Institute of Mathematics and Information TechnologiesBarnaul656049Russia Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS Department of Differential Equations of MechanicsKrasnoyarsk660036Russia

The dynamics of a bilayer system filling a rectangular cuvette subjected to external heating is *** influence of two types of thermal exposure on the flow pattern and on the dynamic contact angle is *** particular,the cases of local heating from below and distributed thermal load from the lateral walls are *** simulation is carried out within the frame of a two-sided evaporative convection model based on the Boussinesq approximation.A benzine–air system is considered as reference *** variation in time of the contact angle is described for both heating *** lateral heating,near-wall boundary layers emerge together with strong convection,whereas the local thermal load from the lower wall results in the formation of multicellular motion in the entire volume of the fluids and the appearance of transition regimes followed by a steady-state *** results of the present study can aid the design of equipment for thermal coating or drying and the development of methods for the formation of patterns with required structure and morphology.

关键词： Thermocapillary convection two-phase system numerical modeling contact angle

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Alkali and Plasma-Treated Guadua angustifolia Bamboo Fibers:A Study on Reinforcement Potential for Polymeric Matrices

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第8期12卷 1399-1416页

作者： Patricia Luna Juan Lizarazo-Marriaga Alvaro Mariño Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá11001Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá11001Colombia

This study focuses on treating Guadua angustifolia bamboo fibers to enhance their properties for reinforcement applications in composite ***(alkali)and physical(dry etching plasma)treatments were used separately to augment compatibility of Guadua angustifolia fibers with various composite *** influence of these treatments on the fibers’performance,chemical composition,and surface morphology were *** analysis indicated that alkali treatments reduced the tensile modulus of elasticity and strength of fibers by up to 40%and 20%,respectively,whereas plasma treatments maintain the fibers’mechanical *** spectroscopy revealed significant alterations in chemical composition due to alkali treatments,while plasma-treated fibers showed minimal *** examination through Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)revealed post-treatment modifications in both cases;alkali treatments served as a cleanser,eliminating lignin and hemicellulose from the fiber surface,whereas plasma treatments also produce rough *** results validate the impact of the treatments on the fiber mechanical performance,which opens up possibilities for using Guadua angustifolia fibers as an alternative reinforcement in composite manufacturing.

关键词： Bamboo fibers Guadua angustifolia alkali treatment dry etching plasma treatment composite reinforcement

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