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Update of Meat Standards Australia and the cuts based grading scheme for beef and sheepmeat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第7期17卷 1641-1654页

作者： Sarah P.F.Bonny Rachel A.O'Reilly David W.Pethick Graham e.Gardner Jean-Francois Hocquette Liselotte Pannier School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Clermont Université INRAVetAgro SupUMR1213Recherches sur les HerbivoresSaint-Genes Champanelle F-63122France

Changing markets and evolving consumer demand present new challenges for the beef and sheep industries. In response, the industry has been investing in innovations to deliver new products and management systems to consumers. One such innovation is the Meat Standards Australia（MSA） system. This system is a Total Quality Management System, aimed at delivering an eating quality guarantee to consumers, and through this adding value to the entire supply chain. At present, it is well developed for beef and still evolving for sheepmeat. MSA has identified Critical Control Points（CCPs） in the production, pre-slaughter, processing and value-adding aspects of the supply chain that impact on consumer palatability through the large-scale taste testing of meat by untrained consumers. These CCPs are used as either（1） mandatory criteria determining eligibility for grading, and（2） inputs in a model predicting the palatability of individual combinations of muscle and different cooking methods. Through the prediction of palatability, MSA increases consumer satisfaction and is used to provide assurance for branded products and new marketing innovations in Australia and internationally. This has added significant value to the Australian beef industry, with several retail examples demonstrating consumer willingness to pay more for premium quality beef and sheepmeat products based on the MSA grading scores. This price differential at retail allows the value of the carcass to be calculated based on the eating quality as well as the volume produced, thereby delivering a financial reward for farmers producing high quality carcasses. The continuous quality scale of MSA allows producers to realise the financial gain of incremental improvements in quality, as well as the precise economic weights associated with traits such as marbling, ossification score, or breed. The use of MSA in this fashion has underpinned a new and innovative supply chain where the pricing is transparent and allows produ

关键词： eating quality consumer beef sheep Meat Standards Australia international cut

青春期前和青春期人群的生理性卵巢囊肿与其他卵巢和附件病理变化的比较：超声和外科随访研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2019年第5期 611-611页

作者： e.K.Schallert P.I.Abbas A.R.Mehollin-Ray M.C.price J.e.Dietrich R.C.Orth 管晓军 Department of Radiology Texas Children's Hospital

摘要卵巢和附件囊肿在青春期前和青春期的超声检查中经常出现,但是关于此类囊肿转归的研究很少。目的识别有助于鉴别生理性囊肿与非生理性病因的超声影像特征。材

关键词：生理性卵巢囊肿青春期随访研究病理变化

Reduction of Pt Usage in Fuel Cell electrocatalysts Using Carbon Nanotubes and Non-Pt Metals

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 668-669页

作者： J. Nakamura Y. Nagashima T.Yamazaki T.Matsumoto e. Yoo Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 JapanGraduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 JapanGraduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 JapanInstitute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585JapanGraduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan

The high-priced and limited Pt constitutes a high barrier to commercialization of fuel cells. Pt is essential for the electrode catalyst of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PeFCs). A reduction in Pt usage is one of the key requirements for the commercialization of fuel cells for use in everyday life, because of its high price and limited availability, and the difficulty of finding suitable substitutes. Non-Pt fuel cell catalysts will decrease the demand for Pt by PeFCs, enabling more Pt to be available for use in other essential products, and make fuel cells more popular[1]. The cheaper Mo2C is known to possess similar catalytic activities and electronic structures to Pt[2]. Carbon black (CB) is widely used as the support for Pt nanoparticles. However, we found that when carbon nanotubes (CNTs) rather than CB are used as the support, the performance is improved, especially below 600 mA/cm2[3,4]. Here, we show that a combination of Mo2C catalyst and carbon nanotubes in the anode provides performance as high as half that of the current PeFCs with Pt catalysts below 600mA/cm2.

关键词：燃料电池碳纳米管碳化物催化物电极

Association of Acid-Base Balance in the Renal Proximal Tubule and Blood Pressure Alterations: Potential Role of Local Mediators

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第4期8卷 26-44页

作者： Dinesh Aryal Keith e. Jackson School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Louisiana at Monroe Monroe LA USA

Disturbances in acid-base balance leading to the development of hypertension are currently gaining increased attention among researchers. Perturb acid-base balance characterized by metabolic acidosis has been demonstrated in hypertensive animals and humans. Research suggests that acid-base changes are not only the consequences of elevated blood pressure but can precede the development of hypertension. However, no exact mechanism has been identified to link acid-base imbalance with alterations in blood pressure. The kidney proximal tubule is the major site for maintaining normal bicarbonate concentrations which is an important component of acid-base balance. Acid-base transporter proteins in the renal proximal tubule such as Na+/HCO-3?cotransporters, Na+/H+ exchangers, and anion-exchangers play important roles in controlling acid secretion, ammonia production and bicarbonate reabsorption for maintaining acid-base balance. It is well known that sodium retention in the renal tubules leads to increase in blood volume and consequently increases in blood pressure. Therefore, it is the purpose of this review to discuss the role of sodium-coupled acid-base transporters in regulating proximal tubular sodium retention and controlling blood pressure homeostasis. We will also focus on the capacity of local mediators;angiotensin II, cortisol, prosta-glandin and aldosterone, to regulate acid-base and blood pressure homeostasis.

关键词： Acid-Base Transporters Hypertension Proximal Tubule Angiotensin II

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生物质电站燃料供应系统物流模型建立与仿真

农业工程学报 2013年第1期29卷 180-188页

作者：赵亮王勤辉 Klein e.Ileleji 余春江骆仲泱浙江大学热能工程研究所杭州310027 美国普渡大学农业与生物工程系西拉法叶479072064

生物质物流设计与管理是生物质产品转化过程中最为重要的环节之一,为了优化设计物流过程,降低物流成本,该文建立了生物质电站燃料供应系统的物流模型,模拟生物质从不同收购站运至电站的物流过程。通过对广东湛江生物质直燃电站的物流系... 详细信息

生物质物流设计与管理是生物质产品转化过程中最为重要的环节之一,为了优化设计物流过程,降低物流成本,该文建立了生物质电站燃料供应系统的物流模型,模拟生物质从不同收购站运至电站的物流过程。通过对广东湛江生物质直燃电站的物流系统进行分析,给定了设备数量的初值。利用该文建立的模型,以车次平均耗时、设备利用率和平均等待时间等参数考察物流状态,应用extendSim软件分析了货车、取样台、称质量站和卸载机等的数量变化对系统性能的影响,并进行了敏感性分析。针对不同时节,得到了农闲时成本最低,农忙时收购量最大的优化结果。该模型的建立与仿真可为生物质电站燃料物流系统的优化,保证燃料稳定供应提供参考。

关键词：生物质燃料发电运输物流仿真 extendSim

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一类异质物品拍卖机制收益等价性及应用

系统工程理论与实践 2006年第1期26卷 107-110,122页

作者：张娥汪应洛上海财经大学信息管理与工程学院上海200433 西安交通大学管理学院陕西西安710049

讨论Winner-pay和All-pay两种不同支付方式下一类异质物品的一级价格拍卖机制的收益特性,以指导拍卖者选择拍卖机制.这类异质物品拍卖广泛应用于网上广告位拍卖和比赛奖金分配中,其特点是各拍卖物品价值具有相关性,投标者只投1个标价,... 详细信息

讨论Winner-pay和All-pay两种不同支付方式下一类异质物品的一级价格拍卖机制的收益特性,以指导拍卖者选择拍卖机制.这类异质物品拍卖广泛应用于网上广告位拍卖和比赛奖金分配中,其特点是各拍卖物品价值具有相关性,投标者只投1个标价,机制根据标价的大小顺序进行物品分配.采用静态贝叶斯博弈分析方法,通过计算两种拍卖方式下拍卖方期望收益,得出两种拍卖机制下拍卖方收益相等的结论;同时,证明了投标者在Winner-pay下的期望支付比All-pay高.从本文拍卖收益计算的特例,还可计算得到k件同质物品拍卖收益等于k+1级密封拍卖的收益.

关键词：异质物品拍卖收益相等广告位拍卖

High power and stable P-doped yolk-shell structured Si@C anode simultaneously enhancing conductivity and Li^(+)diffusion kinetics

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1004-1011页

作者： Ming Chen Qinnan Zhou Jiantao Zai Asma Iqbal TsegayeTadesse Tsega Boxu Dong Xuejiao Liu Yuchi Zhang Changyu Yan Liang Zhao Ali Nazakat SharelPeisan e CheeTongJohn Low Xuefeng Qian Shanghai electrochemical energy Devices Research Center School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory oj Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Warwick electrochemical engineering Group WMGEnergy Innovation CentreUniversity of WarwickCV47ALUK School of Health&Life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbroughTS13BXUK

Silicon is a low price and high capacity ancxje material for lithium-ion *** yolk-shell structure can effectively accommodate Si expansion to improve ***,the limited rate performance of Si anodes can't meet people's growing demand for high power ***,the phosphorus-doped yolk-shell Si@C materials(P-doped Si@C)were prepared through carbon coating on P-doped Si/SiO_(x)matrix to obtain high power and stable ***,the as-prepared P-doped Si@C electrodes delivered a rapid increase in Coulombic efficiency from 74.4%to 99.6%after only 6 cycles,high capacity retention of-95%over 800 cycles at 4 A·g^(-1),and great rate capability(510 mAh·g^(-1)at 35 A·g^(-1)).As a result,P-doped Si@C anodes paired with commercial activated carbon and LiFePO_(4)cathode to assemble lithium-ion capacitor(high power density of〜61,080 W·kg^(-1)at 20 A·g^(-1))and lithium-ion full cell(good rate performance with 68.3 mAh·g^(-1)at 5 C),*** work can provide an effective way tofurther improve power density and stability for energy storage devices.

关键词： P-doped yolk-shell structured Si@C anode excellent rate performance long life lithium-ion battery high power full cell

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房产估值与房产税公平性研究

财政研究 2018年第8期34卷 76-92页

作者：解垩山东大学经济学院

基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,本文分析了房产特征信息对房产价值的相对贡献,房产特征信息包括使用面积、房间数量、房龄等变量,使用房产特征变量的享乐回归方法估计出房产价值,并分别以绝对值、相对值(估计值除以市场价值)两种形式... 详细信息

基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,本文分析了房产特征信息对房产价值的相对贡献,房产特征信息包括使用面积、房间数量、房龄等变量,使用房产特征变量的享乐回归方法估计出房产价值,并分别以绝对值、相对值(估计值除以市场价值)两种形式计算出房价预测误差。结果显示:房产规模变量相比于房产其他变量而言,估计的精确性提高,纳入享乐回归的变量越多预测的结果越精确;房屋价值被低估的往往是高技能和高收入家庭,所以基于这种估值的税收评估系统会产生累退性误差,进而也会引致累退性的房产税;在房产税率为比例税情况下,即使对收入最穷的10%的家庭进行税收豁免,其对收入再分配的影响仍是累退性的。

关键词：房产税享乐回归房产税公平

The effect of Oil price Shocks on the Saudi Manufacturing Sector

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economics World 2017年第3期5卷 230-238页

作者： Abdelhamid A. Mahboub Heba e. Ahmed University of Business and Technology Jeddah Saudi Arabia Qassim University Qassim Saudi Arabia

This paper aims to examine the effects of oil price shocks on the manufacturing sector in Saudi Arabia during the period 2002-2014, using quarterly data. The paper has conducted a unit root test. The data are shown to be non-stationary in the level, and they became stationary in the first difference for all variables. The co-integration model was applied, and the results indicated that no co-integrating equation exists, which means that there is no long run effect of oil price shocks on the manufacturing sector. Therefore, the paper estimated a VAR model, the results of which implied that oil price shocks do not affect the manufacturing sector in the short run, and it may have an effect on the manufacturing sector after 10 quarters according to the Impulse Response Function~ The recent fall of oil prices since June 2014 is just one round of a series of fluctuations, in the form of shocks, in oil prices. Nevertheless, a debate has arisen about the effect of this price falls on the world economy in general and on oil exporting countries in particular. The economy of Saudi Arabia, the major oil exporting country, is not an exception in this matter of course. The main objective of this paper is to estimate quantitatively, in the economy of Saudi Arabia, whether there exists an impact of oil price shockson the output of the manufacturing sector, and whether it is a positive （direct） or a negative （inverse） relationship. The focus on the manufacturing sector here is for two reasons. First, the Saudi economic planning and policy have long targeted to diversify the sources of generating GDP. The manufacturing sector is, no doubt, a very important element in this diversification process. Second, the increase in manufacturing sector （as a percentage of GDP） is one of the important measures and/or indicators of economic development. For both reasons, the researchers have chosen to study ＂the effect of oil price shocks on the Saudi manufacturing sector＂ in this paper.

关键词： oil prices Saudi manufacturing output VAR impulse response function