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Investigation of physico-chemical properties and microbial community during poultry manure co-composting process

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 81-94页

作者： omar Farah Nadia Loo Yu Xiang Lee Yei Lie Dzulkornain Chairil Anuar Mohammed P.mohd Afandi Samsu Azhari Baharuddin Department of Process and Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forestry Products (INTROP) Putra Infoport Universiti Putra Malaysia

Co-composting of poultry manure and rubber wood sawdust was performed with the ratio of 2：1（V/V） for a period of 60 days. An investigation was carried out to study the extracellular enzymatic activities and structural degradation utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis（TG/DTA）and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The microbial succession was also determined by using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis（DGGE）. The compost was able to reach its highest temperature of 71°C at day 3 and stabilized between 30 and 40°C for 8 ***, FPase and β-glucosidase acted synergistically in order to degrade the cellulosic substrate. The xylanase activities increased gradually during the composting and reached the peak value of 11.637 U/g on day 35, followed by a sharp decline. Both Li P and Mn P activities reached their peak values on day 35 with 0.431 and 0.132 U/g respectively. The FT-IR spectra revealed an increase in aromaticity and a decrease in aliphatic compounds such as carbohydrates as decomposition proceeded. TGA/DTG data exhibited significant changes in weight loss in compost samples, indicating degradation of organic matter. SEM micrographs showed higher amounts of parenchyma exposed on the surface of rubber wood sawdust at day 60, showing significant degradation. DGGE and 16 S r DNA analyses showed that Burkholderia sp., Pandoraea sp., and Pseudomonas sp. were present throughout the composting process. Ornithinibacillus sp. and Castellaniella ginsengisoli were only found in the initial stage of the composting, while different strains of Burkholderia sp. also occurred in the later stage of composting.

关键词： Composting Poultry manure Cellulose Denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis Microbial community

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COSMO-RS: An ionic liquid prescreening tool for gas hydrate mitigation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第11期24卷 1619-1624页

作者： Cornelius B.Bavoh Bhajan Lal omar Nashed Muhammad S.Khan Lau K.Keong mohd.Azmi Bustam Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

Recently ionic liquids(ILs) are introduced as novel dual function gas hydrate inhibitors. However, no desired gas hydrate inhibition has been reported due to poor IL selection and/or tuning method. Trial & error as well as selection based on existing literature are the methods currently employed for selecting and/or tuning ILs. These methods are probabilistic, time consuming, expensive and may not result in selecting high performance ILs for gas hydrate mitigation. In this work, COSMO-RS is considered as a prescreening tool of ILs for gas hydrate mitigation by predicting the hydrogen bonding energies(E_(HB)) of studied IL inhibitors and comparing the predicted E_(HB) to the depression temperature(?) and induction time. Results show that, predicted EHBand chain length of ILs strongly relate and significantly affect the gas hydrate inhibition depression temperature but correlate moderately(R = 0.70) with average induction time in literature. It is deduced from the results that, ? increases with increasing IL EHBand/or decreases with increasing chain length. However, the cation–anion pairing of ILs also affects IL gas hydrate inhibition performance. Furthermore, a visual and better understanding of IL/water behavior for gas hydrate inhibition in terms of hydrogen bond donor and acceptor interaction analysis is also presented by determining the sigma profile and sigma potential of studied IL cations and anions used for gas hydrate mitigation for easy IL selection.

关键词：天然气水合物离子液体工具水合物抑制剂初筛调谐方法抑制性能 ILS

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Observed Trends in Extreme Temperature over the Klang Valley, Malaysia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第12期36卷 1355-1370页

作者： Ahmad Norazhar mohd YATIM mohd Talib LATIF Fatimah AHAMAD Md Firoz KHAN mohd Shahrul mohd NADZIR Liew JUNENG Space Science Centre Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Centre for Tropical Climate Change System Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

This study investigates the recent extreme temperature trends across 19 stations in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, over the period 2006^-16. Fourteen extreme index trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test, with Sen’s slope as a magnitude estimator. Generally, the annual daily mean temperature, daily mean maximum temperature, and daily mean minimum temperature in the Klang Valley increased significantly, by 0.07°C yr^-1, 0.07°C yr^-1 and 0.08°C yr^-1, respectively. For the warm temperature indices, the results indicated a significant upward trend for the annual maximum of maximum temperature, by 0.09°C yr^-1, and the annual maximum of minimum temperature, by 0.11°C yr^-1. The results for the total number of warm days and warm nights showed significant increasing trends of 5.02 d yr^-1 and 6.92 d yr^-1, respectively. For the cold temperature indices, there were upward trends for the annual minimum of maximum temperature, by 0.09°C yr^-1, and the annual minimum of minimum temperature, by 0.03°C yr^-1, concurrent with the decreases in the total number cold days (TX10P), with -3.80 d yr^-1, and cold nights (TN10P), with -4.33 d yr^-1. The 34°C and 37°C summer days results showed significant upward trends of 4.10 d yr^-1 and 0.25 d yr^-1, respectively. Overall, these findings showed upward warming trends in the Klang Valley, with the minimum temperature rate increasing more than that of the maximum temperature, especially in urban areas.

关键词： climate change extreme temperature trend urban environment tropical area

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Characterization, prevalence and antibiogram study of Staphylococcus aureus in poultry

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第3期7卷 253-256页

作者： Yeasmeen Ali Md.Ashraful Islam Nazmul Hasan Muzahid mohd.omar Faruk Sikder Md.Amzad Hossain Lolo Wal Marzan Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology University of Chittagong Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

Objective: To reveal the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus)(MRSA) in poultry samples and to determine the antibiogram pattern against five ***: Samples from different poultry farm of Chittagong city, Bangladesh were examined for S. aureus by different biochemical tests and confirmed as MRSA by identifying the presence of mec A gene using PCR. Antibiotic resistance pattern in S. aureus was determined by antibiotic disk diffusion ***: In this study, a total of 60 samples(30 from nasal swabs and 30 from cloacal swabs) were used, of which 54 were confirmed as S. aureus by different biochemical tests. Among these, 12 were confirmed as MRSA by detecting mec A gene using *** antibiogram study, both nasal and cloacal samples showed the highest resistance against penicillin-G and the lowest resistance was observed against ***: Based on the present study, it can be said that different antibiotics are used extensively in poultry that leads to MRSA and is alarming for human health.

关键词： Antibiogram Zoonotic transmission Swab mecA gene Opportunistic fungus

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An Exploratory Study of University X＇s State of Readiness： Scholarship of Teaching, Shared Governance and Change Management

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Journal of Sociology Study 2012年第5期2卷 362-375页

作者： Hamzah Bin Md.omar mohd Khairuddin Abdullah Universiti Malaysia Sabah Malaysia

In this paper we first explore what scholarship of teaching (SoT), shared governance and change management means, both in terms of the way that is represented in the literature and the way that is understood by academic staff themselves. From this information we derive qualitative and quantitative interpretation which captures the variations found in the literature and empirical studies. In the final section we illustrate how the state of readiness in the three areas is in place for the development of the SoT, shared governance, and change management in University X.

关键词：变更管理奖学金治理教学状态大学共享信息

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Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment Using Tapioca Starch as a Natural Coagulant

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第11期5卷 1018-1026页

作者： mohd omar Fatehah Sohrab Hossain Tjoon Tow Teng Environmental Technology Division School of Industrial Technology Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Malaysia School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Seri Ampangan Pulau Pinang Malaysia

The efficiency of using tapioca starch as a natural coagulant on semiconductor wastewater treatment was investigated. The silica content in the wastewater was pH dependent and it was found that the reduction of COD and turbidity occurred at pH between 12 and 14 with measurements below 100 mg/L and 100 NTU respectively. A three-level factorial design experiment in the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the influence of retention time and dosage of the tapioca starch. The parameters studied were chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS). The R2 for turbidity, COD and TSS were 0.92, 0.92 and 0.77 respectively. Results indicate that the dosage of the tapioca starch has a higher influence on COD and turbidity reduction. Tapioca starch as a natural coagulant has shown that the optimum turbidity reduction was 99% at a settling time of 30 minutes with dosage of 0.1 g/L. The COD reduction was achieved at 87% after 60 min of retention time and 0.1 g/L of dosage while higher coagulant dosages reduced the TSS concentration to 10.9 mg/L at retention time between 50 to 60 minutes.

关键词： Chemical Oxygen Demand Natural Coagulant Response Surface Methodology Semiconductor Tapioca Turbidity

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Use of instantaneous energy of ABR signals for fast detection of wave V

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2010年第8期3卷 816-821页

作者： Adeela Arooj mohd Rushaidin Muhamed Sheikh Hussain Shaikh Salleh mohd Hafizi omar 不详

Brainstem evoked response audiometry is a powerful diagnostic technique in audiology, otology and neurology. ABR(Auditory Brainstem Response) machine has been very useful and popular in past two decades for detection of hearing defects and pathologies in newborns and children. In ABR, wave V is the most prominent and robust wave that has been used as indicator of hearing loss. However, a fast detection of the wave V is necessary in order to implement newborn hearing screening. Researchers have introduced different kind of signal processing technique in order to achieve this target and one of this is Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Wavelet Transform. In this study, the instantaneous energy of ABR signal had been introduced as a marker to identify the ABR waves. Study showed that the instantaneous energy of auditory brainstem response can be used as a marker to identify the ABR waves. This study had proposed a platform for fast hearing screening system.

关键词： Auditory Brainstem Response Neonate Hearing Screening Instantaneous Energy

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Short-Term Field Decomposition and Physico-Chemical Transformation of Jatropha Pod Biochar in Acidic Mineral Soil

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2014年第7期4卷 226-234页

作者： Cheah Poh Meng Ahmad Husni mohd hanif Samsuri Abd Wahid Luqman Chuah Abdullah Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

Details regarding field decomposition and transformation of biochar in Malaysia are scarce. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physico-chemical changes experienced by Jatropha pod biochar (JPB) in acidic mineral soil under field condition. Elemental composition was determined using CHNS-O analyzer and surface area with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The JPB surface chemistry and structure were studied using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 13C solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, respectively. The JPB short-term decomposition was investigated by using a litter bag study and decomposition data were best fitted by a hyperbolic decay model compared to an exponential decay model because no significant dry weight loss was detected after 4 months. Two phases (volatile and near stagnant) were detected for JPB field decomposition. The volatile phase was due to rapid loss of labile fraction such as carbohydrate during the initial 4 months. The near stagnant phase was probably due to adsorption of organic matter and soil minerals. The JPB was fragmented into smaller pieces, encouraging surface adsorption. Redox reaction was prominent as shown by the production of hydroxyl, carboxylic and phenolic functional groups. The JPB became more recalcitrant after 12 months of application to the soils.

关键词： Litter Bag Study Redox FTIR NMR Hyperbolic Decay Model

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Estimation of red tip disease severity in pineapple using a non-contact sensor approach

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第4期4卷 206-208页

作者： Siva Kumar Balasundram Faizah Abu Kassim Ganesan Vadamalai Ahmad Husni mohd hanif Department of Agriculture Technology Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

Red tip disease on pineapple (Ananas comosus) was first recognized about 20 years ago in a commercial pineapple stand located in Simpang Renggam, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia. Since its discovery, there has been no confirmation on the causal agent of red tip disease. The epidemiology of red tip disease is still not fully understood. However, based on disease symptoms and field transmission mode, red tip disease seems to be strongly associated with viral infection. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility of using an optical sensor to estimate red tip disease severity. This work was performed in a commercial pineapple plantation located in Simpang Renggam, Johor. Four observation plots bearing pineapple variety SR36 were demarcated based on crop growth stage. Each plot comprised a total of eighty corresponding measurements of percent Disease Severity (% DS) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Our data showed a strong correlation between % DS and NDVI. The 7- and 11-month plantings registered a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.83 and -0.88, respectively. The negative correlation infers that NDVI increases when disease severity is low. This is expected since healthy leaves reflect more near-infrared light and less visible light which results in a higher NDVI. The regression of NDVI on % DS for the 7-month planting was explained by: % DS = 181.6 - 185.6*NDVI. Meanwhile, the regression of NDVI on % DS for the 11-month planting was explained by: % DS = 213.2 - 219.8*NDVI. The linear fit between measured % DS and estimated % DS from the 7-month and 11-month plantings was relatively strong. This work has demonstrated that NDVI is a reliable predictor of % DS in pineapple.

关键词： Pineapple Red Tip Disease Optical Sensor

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Motivation Factors： Impact on Sales Commission Plan Employees in a Telecommunication Company in Malaysia

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Management Studies 2016年第4期4卷 139-148页

作者： Zainal Abu Zarim Hafizah omar Zaki Nur Liyana mohd Maridz Multimedia University Cyberjaya Malaysia

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