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Milestones of Wireless Communication Networks and Technology Prospect of Next Generation(6G)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4803-4818页

作者： mohammed h.Alsharif Md.Sanwar hossain Abu Jahid Muhammad Asghar Khan Bong Jun Choi Samih M.Mostafa Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong University209 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and TechnologyDhaka1216Bangladesh Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Hamdard University KarachiIslamabad CampusIslamabad44000Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering&School of Electronic Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoulKorea Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Academy of Scientific Research and Technology Cairo11516Egypt

Since around 1980,a new generation of wireless technology has arisen approximately every 10 ***-generation(1G)and secondgeneration(2G)began with voice and eventually introduced more and more data in third-generation(3G)and became highly popular in the fourthgeneration(4G).To increase the data rate along with low latency and mass connectivity the fifth-generation(5G)networks are being installed from ***,the 5G technology will not be able to fulfill the data demand at the end of this ***,it is expected that 6G communication networks will rise,providing better services through the implementation of new enabling technologies and allowing users to connect everywhere.6G technology would not be confined to cellular communications networks,but would also comply with non-terrestrial communication system requirements,such as satellite *** ultimate objectives of this work are to address the major challenges of the evolution of cellular communication networks and to discourse the recent growth of the industry based on the key scopes of application and *** main areas of research topics are summarized into(i)major 6G wireless networkmilestones;(ii)key performance indicators;(iii)future new applications;and(iv)potential fields of research,challenges,and open issues.

关键词： Wireless networks beyond 5G 6G communications terahertz frequency terahertz communications holographic calls

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Measurement-While-Milling(MWM):An innovative approach for increasing the casing milling efficiency in deep drilling operations

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Petroleum Research 2023年第3期8卷 360-369页

作者： mohammed A.Namuq Mouhammed Jandal Berro Matthias Reich The American University of Kurdistan Petroleum Engineering DepartmentZakho Road42001DuhokKurdistan Region of IraqIraq h.Anger's Sons-Drilling and Well Construction Company Gutenbergstraße 3337235Hessisch LichtenauGermany TU Bergakademie Freiberg Institute of Petroleum EngineeringAgricolastr.2209599FreibergGermany

Deep boreholes are secured by steel tubes(casings)which are run in the hole and cemented in *** most cases,these casings are considered a permanent ***,sometimes they have to be removed in order to repair or abandon the *** the casing is cemented in place,it cannot be pulled,but needs to be milled to small chips which are flushed out of the borehole by the drilling *** of the main challenges in casing milling operations is continuous and complete chip *** the metal chips are too long,chip nests will grow around the milling *** a result,this will restrict the annulus flow area and affect the chip removal in *** obvious solution in such condition is to do round tripping and clean the chip nest which is associated with the risk of injuries,as well as,increasing the none-productive *** the worst case,the poor cleaning and circulation of chips can even end up with the milling string stucking problem in boreholes,consequently long-time fishing *** to the available literatures,hardly any study for identifying the chip shapes and accordingly adapting the operation parameters to the casing milling process environment downhole to keep milling within desired generated chip shapes and sizes could be *** paper presents an encouraging idea to monitor the milling process in real time by utilizing the acoustic emission signals(vibration modes)accompanied with the milling process to identify the desired chip shape and size *** laboratory tests have been carried out to investigate and study the acoustic emission signals accompanying the casing milling process to identify the chip shapes and *** preliminary test results show very good correlation and agreement between the chip length formed during those specific tests and the observed burst events in the measured *** study results have demonstrated the functionality of the new concept,and thus confirmed that it is a very promising idea to

关键词： Oil/Gas well casing milling Measurement while milling Casing milling chips shape detection Acoustic emission accompanied with casing milling operations Casing milling experiments

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Exploring the effect of Arctic perennial sea ice on modulation of local air temperature

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第4期13卷 473-488页

作者： Yu-Fang YE mohammed ShOKR Zhuo-Qi ChEN Xiao ChENG School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change CanadaToronto M3H5T4Canada

Sea ice cover plays an important role in modulating local temperature through heat and moisture *** infuence of thin ice lead and polynya has been wellinvestigated,however,the effect of perennial ice(also called muliyear ice,MYI)has *** study is motivated by it and investigated a hypothesis that changes in MYI concentration in winter triggers changes in short-term local 2-m air *** hypothesis was tested using time series analysis of the two parameters and correlation between *** from the winters of 2004-2009 were used for the examination at three spatial *** hypothesis is found to be potentially accepted when MYI exists in a consolidated ice regime with negligible thin ice or open water in the surroundings,and the air temperature is low *** for the acceptance of the hypothesis were quantitatively *** qualifications entail that the ice cell must experience daily change of MYI concentration meanwhile satisfy the criteria of total ice concentration(TIC),young ice concentration(YIC)and air temperature(Tar)in the surrounding area,which are TIC>88.3%,YIChips between changes in MYI concentration and the corresponding changes in air temperature were developed retroactively using data that satisfied the acceptance *** relationships varied with years,depending on ice conditions such as ice type distributions and snow *** study offers a first attempt to assess the effect of MYI on the same-day local surface air temperature using satelite observations,and provides evidence of this effect under quantitatively quanlifying conditions.

关键词： Arctic sea ice Multiyear ice Arctic response to climate change Microwave remote sensing

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Trace-element geochemistry and S–O isotopes in the fluorite-barite mineralization of Merguechoum,Moroccan eastern Meseta:insights into ore genesis to the Pangea rifting

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第3期42卷 435-452页

作者： mohammed Cherai Larbi Rddad Fouad Talbi Benjamin F.Walter Faculte´des Sciences Laboratoire de GeosciencesGeo-Environnement et Prospection Miniere et HydriqueBP 71760000 OujdaMaroc Earth and Planetary Science Division Physical Science DepartmentKingsborough Community College of the City University of New York(CUNY)2001 Oriental BoulevardBrooklynNY 11235–2398USA Chair of Economic Geology and Geochemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Adenauerring 20B76131 KarlsruheGermany Laboratory for Environmental and Raw Material Analyses(LERA) Adenauerring 20B76131 KarlsruheGermany

The Merguechoum fluorite-barite mineralization,located in the Eastern Meseta of Morocco,is hosted in the Late hercynian *** ore consists of fine crystals of fluorite 1,massive barite 1,euhedral crystals of fluorite 2,and barite 2 with calcite and minor quartz and *** Merguechoum ore deposits have never been *** study was the first contribution that studied the genesis of fluorite and *** ore occurs as dissemination within granite intrusion and also fills the NE-SWtrending meter-sized fractures and *** values of the total Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium(REY)and the ratios of LREY/hREY,Y/ho,Tb/Ca,and Tb/La indicate that the Merguechoum fluorite precipitated from hydrothermal fluids,likely basinal brines,which interacted with the hercynian *** REY data indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the early stage have intensely interacted with the hercynian granite compared to those of the late ore *** gradual decrease in the europium(Eu/Eu^(*)),yttrium(Y/Y^(*)),and cerium(Ce/Ce^(*))anomalies and a low concentration ofΣREY observed in the second ore stage compared to the first ore stage suggest an increase in p h and fO_(2)and by inference a decrease in temperature during the evolution of the hydrothermal *** evolution could be explained by fluid mixing between the ascending basinal hydrothermal fluids and the diluted sulfate-rich meteoric water barite separates from selected samples reveal that the dissolved sulfates(SO_(4)^(2-))were derived from Permian–Triassic sulfates and/or coeval poreseawater *** proposed fluid mixing triggered the precipitation of an early-stage F-Ba assemblage followed by the second-stage F-Ba *** fieldwork,REY inventories,and isotope data point to the ore genesis during the Permian–Triassic extensional tectonic activity concerning the Pangea *** extensional tectonic environment is likely the driving force that mobilized a large amount of the ore

关键词： Fluorite-barite veins Geochemistry of REY and trace elements O–S isotopes Late hercynian granite Pangea rifting Merguechoum Eastern Meseta of Moroccan

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Why Does Arctic Sea Ice Respond More Evidently than Antarctic Sea Ice to Climate Change?

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Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research 2023年第1期2卷 61-81页

作者： mohammed Shokr Yufang Ye School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoON M3H5T4Canada.

The current climate change episode has impacted sea ice in the 2 polar regions *** the Arctic,remarkable sea ice extent and thickness declines have been observed with a stunning depletion rate of old *** similar changes have been observed in the *** this paper,the question posed in the title is addressed by reviewing findings retrieved from previous *** paper starts by identifying key geographic and climatic features and sea ice characteristics in the 2 polar regions and summarizing relevant recent *** then proceeds by investigating interactions between sea ice and environmental factors,including atmospheric,oceanic,and dynamic aspects in each region,as well as the increasing number of icebergs in *** is concluded that peculiarities of each polar region render the response to climate change *** should not apply scenarios regarding the impacts of climate change on Arctic sea ice(i.e.,retreat)to Antarctic sea *** of asking why Antarctic sea ice has not responded to climate change in the same way as Arctic ice,a more reasonable question could be why Arctic ice changes are yielding an annual cycle that resembles that of Antarctic *** current global warming conditions,old ice entrapment within the Arctic basin is *** could result in Arctic sea ice becoming predominantly seasonal during winter and almost completely melted during summer,which is the current state of Antarctic sea ice.

关键词： Arctic Antarctic winter

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8-hQCdCl_(2)h_(2)O as an organic Q-switcher in erbium laser cavity

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Optoelectronics Letters 2023年第11期19卷 681-685页

作者： MUSTAFA mohammed NAJM mohammed NAJM ABDULLAh AYA A.ALMUKhTAR BELAL AhMED hAMIDA MOh YASIN SULAIMAN WADI hARUN Department of Electrical Engineering Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Computer Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Medical Instrumentation Engineering Department Al-Esraa University CollegeBaghdadIraq Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaGombakMalaysia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyAirlangga UniversitySurabayaIndonesia Research Center for Biophotonics(RCB) Airlangga UniversitySurabaya60115Indonesia

This paper demonstrated a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)using an organic saturable absorber(SA)based on 8-hQCdCl_(2)h_(2)O *** organic thin film was prepared using the casting *** proposed Q-switched EDFL has a maximum repetition rate of 143 khz,minimum pulse duration of 1.85μs and the highest pulse energy of 167 *** Q-switched peak laser was at a central wavelength of 1531 nm with a 3 dB bandwidth of 3.52 nm and power intensity of 2.64 dBm.

关键词： switched laser material

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Power Domain Multiplexing Waveform for 5G Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 2083-2095页

作者： Korhan Cengiz Imran Baig Sumit Chakravarty Arun Kumar Mahmoud A.Albreem mohammed h.Alsharif Peerapong Uthansakul Jamel Nebhen Ayman A.Aly Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering Trakya University22030EdirneTurkey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringDhofar UniversitySalalah 211Sultanate of Oman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kennesaw State UniversityGAUSA Department of ECE JECRC UniversityJaipur303905India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering A’Sharqiyah UniversityIbra400Oman Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhonRatchasimaThailand Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University College of Computer Engineering and SciencesAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Power domain non-orthogonal multiple access combined with a universal filtered multi-carrier(NOMA-UFMC)has the potential to cope with fifth generation(5G)unprecedented *** employs powerdomainmultiplexing to support several users,whereasUFMC is robust to timing and frequency ***,NOMA-UFMC waveform has a high peak-to-average power(PAPR)issue that creates a negative affect due to multicarrier modulations,rendering it is inefficient for the impending 5G mobile and wireless ***,this article seeks to presents a discrete hartley transform(DhT)pre-coding-based NOMA enabled universal filter multicarrier(UFMC)(DhT-NOMA-UFMC)waveform design for lowering the high ***,DhT precoding also takes frequency advantage variations in the multipath wireless channel to get significant bit error rate(BER)*** the recommended arrangement,the throughput of the systemis improved by multiplexing the users in the power domain and permitting the users with good and bad channel conditions to concurrently access the apportioned *** simulation outcomes divulge that the projected algorithm accomplished a gain of 5.8 dB as related to the conventional ***,it is established that the proposed DhT-NOMA-UFMC outperforms the existing NOMA-UFMC *** key benefit of the proposed method over the other waveforms proposed for 5G is content gain due to the power domain multiplexing at the transmitting ***,a huge count of mobile devices could be supported under specific ***-UFMC can be regarded as the most effective applications for 5G Mobile andWireless ***,the main drawback of the proposed method is that the Fourier peak and phase signal is not easily estimated.

关键词： NOMA-UFMC 5G PAPR BER DhT-NOMA-UFMC

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Arsenic Detection Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor With hydrous Ferric Oxide Layer

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Photonic Sensors 2022年第3期12卷 30-37页

作者： Yasmin MUSTAPhA KAMIL Sura hmoud AL-REKABI Muhammad hafiz ABU BAKAR Yap Wing FEN husam Abduldaem mohammed Nor hafizah MOhAMED hALIP mohammed Thamer ALREShEEDI Mohd Adzir MAhDI inLAZER Dynamics Sdn Bhd InnoHub UnitPutra Science ParkUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Electrical Engineering Department Al Suwayrah Technical InstituteMiddle Technical UniversityBaghdad 10074Iraq Wireless and Photonic Networks Research Centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Institute of Advanced Technology Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Electronic and Communication Engineering Department College of EngineeringUniversity of BaghdadBaghdad 10071Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The lethality of inorganic arsenic(As)and the threat it poses have made the development of efficient As detection systems a vital *** research work demonstrates a sensing layer made of hydrous ferric oxide(Fe_(2)h_(2)O_(4))to detect As(Ⅲ)and As(Ⅴ)ions in a surface plasmon resonance *** sensor conceptualizes on the strength of Fe_(2)h_(2)O_(4) to absorb As ions and the interaction of plasmon resonance towards the changes occurring on the sensing *** sensitivity values for As(Ⅲ)and As(Ⅴ)were 1.083°·ppb^(–1) and 0.922°·ppb^(-1),respectively,while the limit of detection for both ions was 0.6 *** findings support the feasibility and potential of the sensor configuration towards paving future advancement in As detection systems.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance di-iron trioxide hydrate arsenic heavy metals ion optical sensor

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Optimization Analysis of Sustainable Solar Power System for Mobile Communication Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3243-3255页

作者： mohammed h.Alsharif Raju Kannadasan Amir Y.hassan Wael Z.Tawfik Mun-Kyeom Kim Muhammad Asghar Khan Ahmad A.A.Solyman Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong University209 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriprumbudurChennai602117India Department of Power Electronics and Energy Conversion Electronics Research InstituteGiza12622Egypt Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef62511Egypt Department of Energy System Engineering Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul156-756Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Hamdard University Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Istanbul Gelisim UniversityAvcılar34310Turkey

Cellular mobile technology has witnessed tremendous growth in recent *** of the challenges facing the operators to extend the coverage of the networks to meet the rising demand for cellular mobile services is the power sources used to supply cellular towers with energy,especially in ***,switch from the conventional sources of energy to a greener and sustainable power model became a target of the academic and industrial sectors in many fields;one of these important fields is the telecommunication ***,this study aims to find the optimum sizing and technoeconomic investigation of a solar photovoltaic scheme to deploy cellular mobile technology infrastructure cleanly and *** optimal solarpowered system is designed by employing the energy-balance procedures of the hOMER software *** problem objective is considered in terms of cost,but the energy system is constrained to meet the power demand *** simulations were performed to determine the optimum sizing,performance and monetary cost of the power system,using long-term meteorological datasets for a case study site with defined longitude(31◦25E)and latitude(30◦06N).From the observed results,the total net present cost(NPC)of the proposed system is$28,***,these outcomes can provide profound economic,technical,and ecological benefits to cellular *** also ensures a sizeable reduction in greenhouse gas that supports sustainable green wireless network(WN)deployment in remote areas.

关键词： Wireless networks green wireless networks green communications sustainability OPEX

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Breeding Enrichment of Genetic Variation of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat under Drought Stress and Well Irrigation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2699-2717页

作者： Dina Swelam Abdel hamid Salem Manal hassan mohammed Ali Wheat Research Department Agricultural Research CenterGiza12619Egypt Agronomy Department Faculty of AgricultureZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt

Drought stress(DS)is one of the most critical environmental abiotic stresses for wheat production in the arid *** of high-yielding genotypes tolerant to DS can play a significant role in mitigation the negative impacts associated with *** the present study,generation means analysis(GMA)was used to study the performance of two crosses under well irrigation(WI)and deficit irrigation[cross I(Line 44×Shandweel-1)and cross II(Line 20×Sakha 93)].Significant differences were observed for days to heading(Dh),days to maturity(DM),plant height(Ph),spike length(SL),number of spikes per plant(NS/P),number of grains per spike(NG/S),thousand-grain weight(TGW),grain yield per plant(GY/P),and proline content(PC)in the six populations of the two crosses within each irrigation *** II had early maturity and the highest PC,NS/P,TGW,and GY/P regardless of the irrigation *** I showed positive significant relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for GY/P under the two irrigation *** inheritance of characters of cross I revealed additive,dominant,and epistatic effects,which varied with trait and *** genetic effects predominated in Dh,SL,and PC,while non-additive were found in DM,NS/P,NG/S,and GY/***-sense heritability estimates(h^(2) n)were high for Dh and PC,moderate to high for Ph and SL,moderate for DM,NG/S,NS/P,and TGW,and low for GY/*** on different drought indices the populations BC_(1),BC_(2),F_(1),and P1 of cross II and BC1 of cross I were more tolerant to drought ***,PC,TGW and Dh can be used as selection indicators to improve wheat for drought tolerance in early generations and other yield components traits in late *** second cross(Line 20×Sakha 93)shows promise and is of interest to a drought tolerance breeding program,where wheat breeders can use recombinant breeding strategies to construct desirable drought stress *** and path coefficient revealed that TGW and PC were the main

关键词： Drought generation mean analysis heterosis heritability wheat

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