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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 249-260页

作者： hassan M.hmood Saba A.Gheni Safaa M.R.Ahmed Mudheher M.Ali hamid Yonis Saleh mohammed h.mohammed Awad E.mohammed Marwan A.Mahomood hiba R.mohammed Ahmed A.hassan Adam harvey North Refineries Company Ministry of OilIraq Chemical Engineering Department Tikrit UniversityIraq Ministry of Oil Iraq AL-hawija Technical institute Northern Technical UniversityMoselIraq School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityUK

To meet the rapidly increasing demand for energy and the dramatic depletion of conventional crude oil,it is imperative to utilize sour *** no coke being produced,oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of naphtha lowers its sulfur content and average molecular *** this article,we outline a method for heavy naphtha non-extractive ODS using a very stable *** technique involves the use of a solid catalyst with oxygen gas as the *** necessitated relatively high mixing intensities;hence a three-phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor(OBR)was *** catalyst was based on the zeolite ZSM-5,prepared from natural kaolin by a series of delamination and activation steps and impregnated with Fe.A TiO2 nanolayer was applied,using the sol-gel method,to prevent rapid *** reactor performance was evaluated to minimize the sulfur content in the naphtha *** to the protective coating,the sulfur conversion stabilized at 90%.The results of this work establish the use of natural clay-based catalysts in a continuous,three-phase ODS,particularly with regard to proving long-term *** also showed that modest ODS can be achieved using an environmentally friendly oxidant,at mild operating conditions,whilst maintaining stability.

关键词： Natural kaoline Desulfurization Three-phase Oscillatory baffled reactor

Phishing Attacks Detection Using EnsembleMachine Learning Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1325-1345页

作者： Nisreen innab Ahmed Abdelgader Fadol Osman mohammed Awad mohammed Ataelfadiel Marwan Abu-Zanona Bassam Mohammad Elzaghmouri Farah h.Zawaideh Mouiad Fadeil Alawneh Department of Computer Science and information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlmaarefa UniversityDiriyahRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Applied College King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJerash UniversityJerash26110Jordan Department of Business intelligence and Data Analysis Faculty of Financial Sciences and BusinessIrbid National UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Faculty of information Technology Ajloun National UniversityAjloun26767Jordan

Phishing,an internet fraudwhere individuals are deceived into revealing critical personal and account information,poses a significant risk to both consumers and web-based *** indicates a persistent rise in phishing ***,these fraudulent schemes are progressively becoming more intricate,thereby rendering them more challenging to ***,it is imperative to utilize sophisticated algorithms to address this *** learning is a highly effective approach for identifying and uncovering these harmful *** learning(ML)approaches can identify common characteristics in most phishing *** this paper,we propose an ensemble approach and compare it with six machine learning techniques to determine the type of website and whether it is normal or not based on two phishing *** that,we used the normalization technique on the dataset to transform the range of all the features into the same *** findings of this paper for all algorithms are as follows in the first dataset based on accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively:Decision Tree(DT)(0.964,0.961,0.976,0.968),Random Forest(RF)(0.970,0.964,0.984,0.974),Gradient Boosting(GB)(0.960,0.959,0.971,0.965),XGBoost(XGB)(0.973,0.976,0.976,0.976),AdaBoost(0.934,0.934,0.950,0.942),Multi Layer Perceptron(MLP)(0.970,0.971,0.976,0.974)and Voting(0.978,0.975,0.987,0.981).So,the Voting classifier gave the best *** in the second dataset,all the algorithms gave the same results in four evaluation metrics,which indicates that each of them can effectively accomplish the prediction ***,this approach outperformed the previous work in detecting phishing websites with high accuracy,a lower false negative rate,a shorter prediction time,and a lower false positive rate.

关键词： Social engineering attacks phishing attacks machine learning security artificial intelligence

Predicting potential invasion risks of Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.)de Wit in the arid area of Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 983-999页

作者： haq S MARiFATUL Darwish mohammed Waheed MUhAMMAD Kumar MANOJ Siddiqui h MANZER Bussmann W RAiNER Department of Ethnobotany Institute of BotanyIlia State UniversityTbilisi 0162Georgia The Centre of Excellence on Sustainable Land Management(CoE-SLM) Indian Council of Forestry Research and EducationDehradun 248006India Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Botany State Museum for Natural HistoryKarlsruhe 76133Germany

The presence of invasive plant species poses a substantial ecological impact,thus comprehensive evaluation of their potential range and risk under the influence of climate change is *** study uses maximum entropy(MaxEnt)modeling to forecast the likelihood of Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.)de Wit invasion in Saudi Arabia under present and future climate change *** the MaxEnt modeling,we integrated climatic and soil data to predict habitat suitability for the invasive *** conducted a detailed analysis of the distribution patterns of the species,using climate variables and ecological *** focused on the important influence of temperature seasonality,temperature annual range,and precipitation *** distribution modeling used robust measures of area under the curve(AUC)and receiver-operator characteristic(ROC)curves,to map the invasion extent,which has a high level of accuracy in identifying appropriate *** complex interaction that influenced the invasion of *** was highlighted by the environmental parameters using Jackknife ***,the actual geographic area where *** was found in Saudi Arabia was considerably smaller than the theoretical maximum range,suggesting that it had the capacity to expand *** MaxEnt model exhibited excellent prediction accuracy and produced reliable results based on the data from the ROC *** and temperature were the primary factors influencing the potential distribution of ***,an estimated area of 216,342 km^(2)in Saudi Arabia was at a high probability of invasion by *** investigated the potential for increased invasion hazards in the future due to climate change scenarios(Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)245 and 585).The analysis of key climatic variables,including temperature seasonality and annual range,along with soil properties such as clay composition and nitrogen content,unveiled their substanti

关键词： area under the curve invasive species invasion risks climate change MaxEnt model

Surface morphology and cell viability of samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide/polycaprolactone targeting wound dressing

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 555-561,I0005页

作者： Muteb h.Alshammari Ahmed Onayzan Alshammari Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy Rafat Zreiq Faris mohammed Albati M.A.El-Morsy A.A.Menazea Department of health informatics College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery College of MedicineUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Public health College of Public Health and HealthInformaticsHalUniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabi Food Control Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman541350Jordan College of Shariah and Law Ha'il UniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabia College of Science and humanities in Al-Kharj Physics DepartmentPlasma Technology and Material Science UnitPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DamittaNew Damietta34517.Egyp Spectroscopy Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokki12622GizaEgypt

Combinations of metal and lanthanide oxides have been done through casted films for potential medical applications. in this regard, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide(GO)/polycaprolactone(PCL) based films nano-composites(NCs) were fabricated, pointing their utilization as a biological scaffold for wound dressing purposes. Also, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide and chromium(Ⅲ) oxide have been merged as promising optical constituents due to their unique optical behavior. The structural and compositional examination of the studied NCs was executed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). The Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL NC exhibits a surface with a lower roughness degree owing to the presence of GO. Cr_(2)O_(3)shows size reduction upon GO insertion to reach 1.2 μm as the average grain size, whilst Sm_(2)O_(3)records an average grain size of less than 1 μm. As well, the polymeric nano-compositions exhibit variation in contact angle values that hit 29.76°± 3.52°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/PCL, and 48.62°± 1.37°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL as the second lowest contact angle. The optical behavior contributes to absorption edge relocation along the x-axis from 1.7 eV for pure PCL, to 2.65 eV for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL. Regarding biological responses, the cell exposed to 2.5 μg/m L of Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL shows cell viability of 119.31%, while 5 μg/m L hits 99.6%. Additionally, the resulting cell attachment micrographs show layers of fibroblast tissue, besides the proliferation and growth of cultivated cells. Thus, the Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL scaffold provides 3D proliferation of fibroblast cells endorsing the wound healing process.

关键词： Wound healing Wound dressing Polycaprolactone Sm_(2)O_(3) Cr_(2)O_(3) Rare earths

Preimplantation genetic testing for embryos predisposed to hereditary cancer:Possibilities and challenges

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2024年第1期2卷 1-14页

作者： mohammed h.Albujja Maher Al-Ghedan Lakshmidevi Dakshnamoorthy Josep Pla Victori Department of Forensic Sciences Naif Arab University for Security SciencesRiyadh 11452Saudi Arabia Genetics Laboratory Thuriah Medical CenterRiyadh 11523Saudi Arabia Department of Genetic Counselling VI-RMA GlobalValencia 46004Spain

Preimplantation genetic testing(PGT),which was developed as an alternative to prenatal genetic testing,allows couples to avoid pregnancies with abnormal chromosomes and the subsequent termination of the affected *** used for early onset monogenic conditions,PGT is now used to prevent various types of inherited cancer conditions based on the development of PGT technology,assisted reproductive techniques(ARTs),and in vitro fertilization(iVF).This review provides insights into the potential benefits and challenges associated with the application of PGT for hereditary cancer and provides an overview of the existing literature on this test,with a particular focus on the current challenges related to laws,ethics,counseling,and ***,this review predicts the future potential applications of this *** PGT may be utilized to predict and prevent hereditary cancer,each case should be comprehensively *** motives of couples must be assessed to prevent the misuse of this technique for eugenic purposes,and non-pathogenic phenotypes must be carefully *** cases that require this technology should also be carefully considered based on legal and ethical *** may be the preferred treatment for hereditary cancer cases;however,such cases require careful case-by-case ***,this study concludes that multidisciplinary counseling and support for patients and their families are essential to ensure that PGT is a viable option that meets all legal and ethical concerns.

关键词： Preimplantation genetic testing hereditary cancer Late-onset diseases Ethics Legal restrictions

Dynamic thermal performance of multilayer hollow clay walls filled with insulation materials:Toward energy saving in hot climates

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第1期5卷 70-80页

作者： Yassine Chihab mohammed Garoum Najma Laaroussi mohammed V University in Rabat MaterialsEnergy and Acoustics TEAMRabatMorocco

This study examines the benefits of incorporating passive techniques into multilayer hollow clay brick walls to improve their dynamic thermal *** finite element approach was used to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes and energy equations to analyze the dynamic thermal response of walls exposed to real thermal excitations of the Marrakesh *** results show that increasing the emissivity from 0.1 to 0.9 significantly increases the total heat load over 24 ***,filling 100% of the cavities with insulation materials delayed the temperature peak by about 2.3 h and lowered the decrement factor by roughly 43%,with a value smaller than *** addition,it is demonstrated that the total thermal load is reduced by approximately 28% for improved wall configurations(100% insulation filling cavities)compared to traditional wall configurations(100% air filling cavities),which aids in improving building energy efficiency.

关键词： Time lag Decrement factor Coupled heat transfer Analytical solution hollow clay brick insulation filling cavities Energy savings in building

Development of a Novel Noise Reduction Algorithm for Smart Checkout RFiD System in Retail Stores

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1277-1304页

作者： Shazielya Shamsul mohammed A.h.Ali Salwa hanim Abdul-Rashid Atef M.Ghaleb Fahad M.Alqahtani Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Centre for Sustainable and Smart Manufacturing(CSSM) Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of industrial Engineering College of EngineeringAlfaisal UniversityRiyadh11533Saudi Arabia Department of industrial Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

This paper presents a smart checkout system designed to mitigate the issues of noise and errors present in the existing barcode and RFiD-based systems used at retail stores’checkout *** is achieved by integrating a novel Ai algorithm,called improved Laser Simulator Logic(iLSL)into the RFiD *** enhanced RFiD system was able to improve the accuracy of item identification,reduce noise interference,and streamline the overall checkout *** potential of the systemfor noise detection and elimination was initially investigated through a simulation study usingMATLAB and iLSL ***,it was deployed in a small-scale environment to validate its real-world *** show that RFiD with the proposed new algorithm iLSL and Ai basket is capable of accurately detecting the related itemswhile eliminating noise originating fromunrelated objects,achieving an accuracy rate of 88%.

关键词： Smart checkout system RFiD technology improved laser simulator logic(iLSL) reduce noise checkout process

Exploring the Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Depression among Sickle Cell Anemia Patients in Saudi Arabia’s Jazan Region

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international Journal of Mental health Promotion 2024年第5期26卷 351-359页

作者： Abdullah A.Alharbi Ahmad Y.Alqassim mohammed A.Muaddi Najat h.Aldubayyan Rana i.Abuhadi Futon A.Akoor Sarah J.Mobarki imtenan A.Oberi Ghaidaa h.Alharbi Yara Ajeebi Adnan M.Alkhayat hafiz Malhan mohammed Bakkar Anwar M.Makeen Family and Community Medicine Department Faculty of MedicineJazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia Laboratory Department King Fahd Central HospitalMinistry of HealthJazan45142Saudi Arabia internal Medicine Department Prince Mohammad bin Nasser HospitalMinistry of HealthJazan45142Saudi Arabia hematology Department King AbdulAziz Medical City for National GuardRiyadh11426Saudi Arabia

Sickle Cell Anemia(SCA)is a prevalent genetic condition in Saudi Arabia,particularly in the Jazan *** study’s purpose was to assess the prevalence of de-pression among individuals with SCA in this area and to identify the factors associated with this *** study involved 391 adult participants,all patients in the hematology center of Prince mohammed bin Nasser hospital(PMNh).Data was collected through an anonymous interview questionnaire–the Arabic version of the Patient health Questionnaire-9(PhQ-9)–between March–May *** questionnaire covered socio-demographic information and variables related to the participant’s SCA history,such as pain levels,frequency of pain,hospitalization duration,and frequency of blood *** variables underwent Chi-square and One-way ANOVA testing,followed by multivariate *** study found a 42%prevalence of depression among the SCA *** significantly linked with heightened depression levels included being widowed or divorced,experiencing frequent and severe pain,and longer duration of hospital *** educational level of at least a bachelor’s degree was also a significant *** study reveals a high prevalence of depression among SCA patients in the Jazan *** underscores the need for policymakers to educate both physicians and patients about the importance of mental health in SCA *** study also highlights the need for more research into the specific causes and effects of depressive symptoms in SCA patients to inform the creation of effective management plans.

关键词： Sickle cell anemia prevalence depression public health policy Jazan region Saudi Arabia

Evaluation of Serum Soluble CD27 and CXCL10 Levels in Patients With Vitiligo:A Cross-Sectional Study

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international Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 89-93页

作者： Marwa A.Aboelmagd hanan A.Assaf mohammed h.hassan hanan A.Abdelmegeed Ashraf Abdelwahab Department of Dermatology Venereology and AndrologyFaculty of MedicineSohag UniversitySohag 82524Egypt Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Department of Dermatology Sohag Hospital for Mental HealthSohag 82524Egypt

Objective:Vitiligo is a relatively common skin disfiguring disorder that exhibits a fluctuating course between activity and stability,making monitoring and management *** plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of *** autoimmune disorders have been associated with both CD27 and chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 10(CXCL10).however,trials evaluating their role in vitiligo are lacking in the Egyptian *** evaluated the circulating levels of these 2 biomarkers in patients with vitiligo and the possible correlation between their levels and disease ***:This cross-sectional study included 70 patients with vitiligo and 20 healthy *** patients were clinically assessed and then divided into active and stable groups according to clinical signs of activity and Vitiligo Disease Activity *** levels of CD27 and CXCL10 in the serum were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in both the patients and the controls,then the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze the difference between the ***:Active and stable vitiligo patients have significantly higher median serum CXCL10(385.9 and 245.2 pg/mL)and CD27(61.6 and 66.5 ng/mL)levels compared to the controls(193 pg/mL and 52.5 ng/mL,respectively,all Pin vitiligo cases,although CXCL10 levels significantly increased with disease activity(Phe 2 subgroups(P=0.953).CXCL10 positively correlated with disease activity(r=0.887,Phad a higher sensitivity and a lower specificity(95.7%and 60.0%,respectively)compared to CD27(71.4%and 75%,respectively)for differentiating cases from ***:There is a possibility that CXCL10 and CD27 are involved in the development and course of vitiligo.

关键词： vitiligo disease activity chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 10 CD27

Mental health status among COViD-19 patients survivors of critical illness in Saudi Arabia:A 6-month follow-up questionnaire study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2560-2567页

作者： Abdullah M Alhammad Namareq F Aldardeer Abdulaziz Alqahtani Mohammad h Aljawadi Bushra Alnefaie Raghad Alonazi Mansour Almuqbil Abdulrahman Alsaadon Rakan M Alqahtani Rashid Alballaa Bader Alshehri mohammed i Alarifi Fahad D Alosaimi Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Services King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreJeddah 21499Saudi Arabia Corporate Department of Pharmacy Services King Saud University Medical CityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia College of Pharmacy King Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Critical Care Medicine College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Psychiatry College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(iCU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological ***,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COViD-19).There is a paucity of data from the Middle East assessing the post-iCU discharge mental health status of patients who had *** To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe *** This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the iCU or under iCU consultation for>24 h for *** patients were contacted via *** patient’s anxiety and depression six months after iCU discharge were assessed using the hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(hADS).The primary outcome was the mean hADS *** secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or *** Patients who were admitted to the iCU because of COViD-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the *** mean age was 56.3±17.2 *** patients(62.5%)were *** main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)*** mean overall hADS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-iCU discharge was 11.4(SD±8.5).A hADS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),*** from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(OR)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;PiON Six months after iCU discharge,30% of patients who had COViD-19 demonstrated a hADS score that confirmed anxiety and *** compare the psychological status of patients following an iCU admission(with vs without COViD-19),further studies are warranted.

关键词： COViD-19 Critically ill Anxiety Depression hADS Saudi Arabia