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A Comparative Study of Ear Diseases in School Children from Lower versus Higher Socioeconomic Status

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2021年第2期10卷 107-118页

作者： Yohanna Mairiga Takwoingi mohammed Bello Fufore Abubakar Umar Gabsari Emmanuel musa Wuni Ari Thimnu Isah Abdullahi Department of ENT City Hospital Birmingham UK Department of ENT Federal Medical Centre Yola Nigeria Department of ENT University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria

Background: Preventable otologic conditions have been found to be important health issues among paediatric age group. Poor socioeconomic status and inappropriate management services in developing countries lead to various complications despite the fact that most of these diseases are self-limiting. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of ear diseases in school children of high and low socioeconomic status in Yola, Nigeria. Methods: This study was conducted in March 2017 in two primary schools (private and public) in Yola among 6 - 8 years old pupils. Approval for the study was obtained from Federal Medical Centre, Yola and consent was obtained from the parents/guardians and the school authorities. Using a health questionnaire, a brief ENT history was obtained from children in years 1 and 2 of each school. Otoscopic examination, audiometry and tympanometry were then carried out. Data collected was analysed using SPSS version 20. Results: One hundred and three children were studied. The age range was 6 - 8 with mean age of 6.8 ± 0.9 and 53 (51.5%) boys. Fifty-two (50.5%) were from public school (low socio-economic class) and 51 (49.5%) from private (high social class). Wax was the most common ear condition encountered affecting 37 (35.9%) children, and the number was similar in both groups. Otitis media with effusion (OME) was encountered in seven children evenly split between the two groups showing a point incidence of 6.8%. There was hearing loss in 13 (12.6%) children, and this was also similar in the two groups. Conclusion: Wax impaction was the commonest otologic disease encountered. Our study also showed a point incidence of 6.8% for OME, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups, and neither was there any statistically significant difference between the two groups in any of the other diseases encountered.

关键词： Children Glue-Ear Hearing Loss Social Status Wax

Geo-Electric Assessment of Kali Failed Dam Project Aliero, North Western Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： U. Z. Magawata Ibrahim mohammed B. A. Ojulari A. I. Augie Salisu musa Department of Physics Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero Nigeria Department of Preliminary Studies Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic Birnin Kebbi Birnin Kebbi Nigeria Department of Chemical Geological and Physical Science Kwara State University Malete Nigeria Department of Geophysics Federal University Birnin Kebbi Birnin Kebbi Nigeria Department of Physics Bayero University Kano Kano Nigeria

An integrated geophysical investigation using very low frequency electro-magnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity methods using (VES) technique has been carried out for investigation of possible causes of dam failure in Kali, Aliero Northwestern Nigeria. A total of Three 3 (VLF-EM) traverses and Ten 10 vertical electrical soundings (VES) techniques have been carried out to identify the fracture zones, seepage and possible threat that lead to the collapse of the dam. The interpretation of VLF-EM data is carried out qualitatively using Fraser and Karous-Hjelt filters and the interpretation of sounding data is done using IPI2 win software. VLF-EM data signifies the exact fracture zones founded on higher values of relative current density that coincide to the subsurface fracture. The survey was conducted on an interval of 10 m interval along traverses at South-North direction ranging from 620 - 640 m in length. The plot of filtered real and filtered imaginary identified noticeable fracture zone close to the surface which was later further delineated by (VES) technique. VES soundings were carried out at locations of prominent VLF anomalies presumably typical of basement fracture using AB/2 of 80 m. Results interpreted show layers thickness and their corresponding resistivity, top soil (0.5 m to 3.45 m, 51.9 Ωm to 318 Ωm), underlain by clay to confined clay (4.56 m to 54 m, 7.88 Ωm to 60.2 Ωm) which is underlain by fractured/fresh basement (5.76 m to 73.9 m, 40.3 Ωm to 197 Ωm). The overburden materials underlain are far away to subsurface (bed rock) in most of the area to support the dam. The clay materials which could serve as conduit, exist within the shallow overburden which was not excavated during the construction. Therefore it was concluded that the dam cannot retain its strength to oppose the dam against collapse.

关键词： Failure Appropriate Presumably Fractures Anomaly Prospective

Growth Performance of Arsi, Borana, Harar and HF-Crossbred Bulls Finished under Similar Feeding Condition

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2022年第2期12卷 171-191页

作者： Ahmedin Abdurehman musa Yesihak Yusuf Mummed mohammed Yusuf Kurtu Melese Temesgen Travis Gene O’Quinn Umer Seid Geletu Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture Oda Bultum University Chiro Ethiopia School of Animal and Range Sciences College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Haramaya University Haramaya Ethiopia Department of Food Science Institute of Technology Haramaya University Haramaya Ethiopia Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan USA

The study was conducted to evaluate the fattening performance of Arsi, Borana, Harar and Holstein Friesian crossbred bulls finished under a similar feeding condition at the beef farm in Haramaya University. The average daily weight gain of the four breeds ranges from 0.49 to 0.71 kg. Feed conversion efficiency also ranges from 0.11 - 0.15. Simple linear regression models were used to explore the relationship between live body weight change and change in body condition score as well as seven linear body measurements for all age groups. An average change for a unite of body condition score was equivalent to 20.3, 20.61, 22.42 and 27.78 kg for Borana, Arsi, Harar and Holstein Friesian crossbred bulls respectively. Body condition score was significantly influenced by breeds. There was a significant breed by age interaction effect on the initial body condition score of the four breeds. There was a significant and positive strong association between change in body weight and body condition score. There was a significant and strong correlation between change in body weight and change in Total topline, neck length, heart girth, flank circumference and rump length having correlation coefficients ranges from 0.57 to 0.97. A higher net profit of 7380.47 ETB per head was recorded by Borana bulls followed by Harar bulls, Arsi and Holstein Friesian crossbred with net profit of 5406.86, 5193.29 and 3384.98 ETB per head respectively. Borana bulls are more superior in weight gain and net profit. Bodyweight change could be predicted based on body condition score change during the fattening period.

关键词： Weight Gain Body Condition Score Change in Linear Body Measurement

In vivo combination therapy of chloroquine and stigmasterol against Plasmodium berghei induced pathologies in mice

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2020年第17期26卷 10-16页

作者： Auwal Adamu Muhammad A.Saliu Abdullahi A.Dantani Yaqub Nimat Hauwa T.Giaze Najib musa Buba Hussena Morik Dorathy Ahmad M.Kandi musa Daniel mohammed Auwal Ibrahim Department of Biochemistry Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

Objective:To investigate the effect of combination therapy of chloroquine and stigmasterol on Plasmodium(P.)berghei malaria-induced organ ***:Totally 35 mice weighing 20-30g were placed into 7 groups of 5 mice each and distributed as uninfected administered 100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,uninfected administered only feed and water ad libitum,infected with *** and administered 50 mg/Kg BW stigmasterol,100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol,100 mg/kg BW stigmasterol plus 5 mg/kg BW chloroquine,and 5 mg/kg BW *** last group of mice served as *** infected and not treated *** levels of parasitemia,packed cell volume,and other biochemical parameters were ***:Combination therapy of *** infection with stigmasterol and chloroquine did not significantly(P>0.05)reduce parasitemia level while stigmasterol treatment alone significantly(P0.05)altered upon treatment with both doses of stigmasterol as well as the combination ***:This study concluded that the combination of stigmasterol and chloroquine could combat anemia and some organ pathologies associated with *** infection.

关键词： Malaria Stigmasterol Chloroquine Plasmodium berghei Organ pathologies

Carcass Traits, Meat Yield and Primal Meat Cuts from Arsi, Harar, Ogaden and F1 Jersey*Horro Crossbred Bulls Fed Corn Silage Based Similar Finishing Diet

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2022年第2期12卷 251-270页

作者： Chala Merera Erge Yesihak Yusuf Mummed mohammed Yusuf Kurtu Ahmedin Abdurehman musa Mesfin Tafesse Gemeda Travis Gene O’Quinn Department of Animal Science Ambo University Ambo Ethiopia School of Animal and Range Sciences Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia Department of Animal Science Oda Bultum University Chiro Ethiopia Department of Biotechnology Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan USA

This study was conducted with the objective to determine carcass traits, meat yield, and primal meat cuts of Arsi, Harar, Jersey*Horro crossbred, and Ogaden cattle breeds at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. A total of 12 bulls of four cattle breeds (3 Arsi, 3 Harar, 3 F1 Jersey*Horro crossbred and 3 Ogaden) with almost similar ages were randomly assigned to four treatments in a completely randomised design (CRD). Data on carcass traits, meat yield, and primal meat cuts were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) of the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) 9.4 version. The overall averages of live body weight, hot carcass weight, chilled carcass weight, dressing percentages based on hot carcass weight, and rib eye area of experimental cattle breeds were 215.58 kg, 102.93 kg, 99.56 kg, 47.61%, and 8.13 inch2, respectively. The hot carcass weight and chilled carcass weight of the Ogaden (136.57;133.30 kg, resp.) breed were higher (p 2) ranging from 52.26% to 93.58%, primal meat cuts significantly (p dicted meat yield. In conclusion, the breed of cattle had a significant (p 0.05) influence on live body weight, hot and chilled carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, meat yield, and the weights of most primal meat cuts. The Ogaden cattle breed had a higher and better meat yield, carcass traits, and most primal meat cuts compared to other experimental cattle breeds. Furthermore, the inclusion of corn silage in the diet of fattening bulls improved the carcass and meat yield. Therefore, the

关键词： Meat Yield Carcass Traits Primal Meat Cuts Cattle Breeds Corn Silage

Challenging management of congenital bilateral radial club hand: A case report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2014年第1期3卷 32-35页

作者： Abdulrahman Alhaji Mahmud Muhammad Kabir Abubakar musa Adamu Kabir mohammed Inuwa Ismail Muslimat Ajibola Alada Bashir Bello 1Department of Surgery Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria Department of Physiotherapy Faculty of Medicine Bayero Uni-versity Kano Nigeria Department of Surgery Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria Department of Surgery Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Bayero University Kano Nigeria

Congenital radial club hand (CRCH) is a terminal deficiency characterized by the radial deviation of the hand, marked shortening of the forearm, and generalized underdevelopment of the extremity with an incidence rate of 1 per 100,000 live births. Both sexes are nearly or equally affected. Challenges that the disease poses to the patient are multifaceted, ranging from medical, social, cosmetic and functional issues which also are the multidimensional treatment modalities. We report a case of a 2-month-old baby with the severe case of bilateral CRCH. The patient had the centralization of the left ulna with Kwire stabilization. About 160d of correction was achieved. He did well and was discharged after two weeks at the orthopedic clinic for follow-up. Congenital radial club hand though uncommon may be amenable to surgery. Centralization is still the treatment of choice in severe cases and early intervention will offer a better outcome.

关键词： Congenital Radial Club Hand Centralization Early Intervention

<i>In-Situ</i>Biostimulatory Effect of Selected Organic Wastes on Bacterial Atrazine Biodegradation

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Advances in Microbiology 2012年第4期2卷 587-592页

作者： Ahmed Faruk Umar Fatimah Tahir Michael Larkin Olubukola Mojisola Oyawoye Balarabe Lawal musa mohammed Bello Yerima Ediga Bede Agbo Biological Sciences Programme Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria Microbiology Department Usmanu Dan Fodio University Sokoto Nigeria Queens University Environmental and Genomic Research (QUESTOR) Center Queens University of Belfast Belfast Northern Ireland UK

The biostimulatory effect of selected organic wastes on bacterial biodegradation of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) in three agricultural soils in Bauchi state, Nigeria, was carried out. The soil physico-chemical characteristics were investigated to further understand the environmental conditions of the sampling sites. Enrichment technique was used to isolate the atrazine-degrading strains. Mineralization studies were carried out to determine atrazine biodegradation potentials of strains. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of total nucleic acid of strains revealed several bacterial species based on nucleotide sequence analyses. Biostimulatory effect of selected organic wastes carried out showed minimal to average extent of biodegradation. The highest mean values, in CFU/mL, increase in biomass was recorded in Pseudomonas sp for both Cow dung 16.76 (42.03%) and Chicken droppings 12.32 (38.46%). However, biostimulatory effect using consortia provided more promising results, with 41.51% and 42.08% in Cow dung and Chicken droppings, biomass increase, respectively, in studies conducted. This proves that competition, survival of inoculums, bioavailability of organic amendments and nature of chemical are important factors affecting bioremediation.

关键词： Biostimulation Biodegradation Bioremediation Mineralization Atrazine

A Review of the Study on the Electromigration and Power Electronics

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2016年第1期6卷 19-31页

作者： Md. Khalilur Rahman Abul Monsur mohammed musa Budrun Neher Kawchar Ahmed Patwary Mohammad Atiqur Rahman Md. Shariful Islam Department of Physics Comilla University Comilla Bangladesh Department of Physics University of Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh Department of Chemistry Comilla University Comilla Bangladesh Department of ICT Comilla University Comilla Bangladesh

Electromigration is a main challenge in the pursuit of power electronics, because physical limit to increase current density in power electronics is electromigration (EM), whereas much higher electrical current and voltage are required for power electronics packaging. So the effect of EM is an important issue in applications where high current densities are used, such as in microelectronics and related structures (e.g., Power ICs). Since the structure size of integrated circuits (ICs) decreases and the practical significance of this effect increases, the result is EM failure. On the other hand, in the next generation power electronics technology electrical current density is expected to exceed 107 A/cm2 which is another challenge. This review work has been carried out to identify the mechanism of EM damage in power electronics (e.g., pure metallization and solder joints) and also how to control this kind of damage.

关键词： Voids and Hillocks Interconnect Solder Joint Thermomigration MTF Reliability of IC

Liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus: Decreasing indication and changing trends

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第26期21卷 8140-8147页

作者： Waleed Al-hamoudi hussien Elsiesy Abdulrahman Bendahmash Nasser Al-masri Safiyya Ali Naglaa Allam mohammed Al Sofayan Hamad Al Bahili mohammed Al Sebayel Dieter Broering Sammy Saab Faisal Abaalkhail Gastroenterology Unit Department of MedicineCollege of MedicineKing Saud University Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center National Liver Institute Menoufeya University David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA

AIM: To evaluate the indication and outcome of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related liver transplantation(LT) in the era of newer antiviral ***: We collected data on all patients who underwent transplantation at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research *** data included demographic,perioperative and long-term postoperative follow-up data including viral serological markers,HBV DNA,and repeated liver *** January 1990 and January 2012,133 patients(106 males and 27 females) underwent LT for HBV-related cirrhosis at our *** patients were followed up frequently during the first year following transplantation,according to our standard protocol; follow-up visits occurred every 3-6 mo *** infection was definedas re-emergence of HBV-DNA or hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) while on *** patients transplanted prior to 1992 did not receive immediate posttransplant anti-HBV prophylaxis; all other patients were treated with HBIG and at least one nucleos(t)ide ***: One hundred and thirty-three patients underwent LT for HBV and were followed for a median of 82 mo(range: 1-274).The rates of post-LT survival and HBV recurrence during the follow-up period were 89% and 11%,*** following factors were associated with disease recurrence: younger age(44.3 ± 16.2 years vs 51.4 ± 9.9 years,P = 0.02),positive pretransplant hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)(60% vs 14%,P < 0.0001),detectable pretransplant HBV DNA(60% vs 27%,P = 0.03),positive posttransplant HBs Ag(80% vs 4%,P < 0.0001) and positive posttransplant HBe Ag(27% vs 1%,P < 0.0001).Forty-four(33%) patients had hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In the first(pre-2007) group,HBV was the second leading indication for LT after hepatitis C virus infection.A total of 64 transplants were performed,including 46(72%) for decompensated HBV cirrhosis,12(19%) for decompensated cirrhosis complicated by HCC and 6(10%) for compensated cirrhosis complicated by ***

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Non-alcoholicsteatohepatitis Liver transplantation Hepatocellularcarcinoma