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Movement Trend Alterations in the Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)-Employed Ratbot Navigation Are Correlated with Stimulation Parameters

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 866-876页

作者： Sina Khajei Abed Khorasani mohammad reza Afarinesh Vahid Sheibani Neuroscience Research Center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical SciencesKerman***Iran

In previous studies,Periaqueductal Gray(PAG)stimulation was used to stop ratbots from *** to the homology between the PAG and the intercollicular nucleus,which has been used for forward movement in birds,we investigated the possibility of PAG application to induce forward locomotion for the first *** a corridor maze,the traveled distances via PAG electrical stimulation were examined in nine Wistar male rats during three sessions.A custom-designed stimulator was developed to apply the *** results showed reductions in responses to stimulation over ***,the traveled distances had negative slopes during the consecutive trials(in 8 out of the 9 rats),and the slope mean was significantly different from *** was a strong correlation between the stimulation parameters(electric Charge per Phase(CPP)and the Number of Pulses(NP))and the observed *** negative Movement Slopes(MS)were highly correlated with the CPP and the NP,as the Pearson's linear correlation coefficients were−0.87 and−0.79,*** MS-CPP coefficients of determination(R-squared)were also between 0.76 and *** addition,the MS-NP coefficients of determination were between 0.63 and ***,it is concluded that the electrical stimulation parameters influence the behavioral outcomes ***,the PAG area may be considered a suitable candidate for forward locomotion control in the future if the area is harnessed effectively to prevent undesirable chaotic behaviors.

关键词： Periaqueductal Gray(PAG) Navigation Ratbot Animal-robot Forward locomotion Movement slope

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Electromechanical buckling behavior of smart piezoelectrically actuated higher-order size-dependent graded nanoscale beams in thermal environment

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2016年第2期7卷 69-90页

作者： Farzad Ebrahimi mohammad reza Barati Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringImam Khomeini International UniversityQazvinI.R.Iran

In the present work,thermo-electro-mechanical buckling behavior of functionally graded piezoelectric(FGP)nanobeams is investi-gated based on higher-order shear deformation beam *** FGP nanobeam is subjected to four types of thermal loading including uniform,linear,and sinusoidal temperature rise as well as heat conduction through the beam ***-electro-mechanical properties of FGP nanobeam are supposed to change continuously in the thickness direction based on power-law *** consider the influences of small-scale sizes,Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory is *** Hamilton’s princi-ple,the nonlocal governing equations of an FGP nanobeam in thermal environments are obtained and are solved using Navier-type analytical *** significance of various parameters,such as thermal loadings,external electric voltage,power-law index,nonlocal parameter,and slenderness ratio on thermal buck-ling response of size-dependent FGP nanobeams is investigated.

关键词： Functionally graded piezoelectric nanobeam thermal buckling nonlocal elasticity theory higher-order beam theory

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Local scour around two side-by-side cylindrical bridge piers under ice-covered conditions

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第4期34卷 355-367页

作者： mohammad reza Namaee Jueyi Sui Environmental Engineering Program University of Northern British Columbia

In the current study, 108 flume experiments with non-uniform, cohesionless sediments have been done to investigate the local scour process around four pairs of side-by-side bridge piers under both open channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Similar to local scour around bridge piers under open channel conditions and a single bridge pier, it was observed in the experiments that the maximum scour depth always occurred at the upstream face of the pier under ice-covered conditions. Further, the smaller the pier size and the greater the spacing distance between the bridge piers, the weaker the horseshoe vortices around the bridge piers, and, thus, the shallower the scour holes around them. Finally, empirical equations were developed to estimate the maximum scour depth around two side-by-side bridge piers under both open channel and ice-covered flow conditions.

关键词： Bridge pier Local scour Maximum scour depth Non-uniform sediment Roughness of cover Scour pattern

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The Mechanisms of Trichoderma Species to Reduce Drought and Salinity Stress in Plants

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第8期92卷 2261-2281页

作者： mohammad reza Boorboori Haiyang Zhang College of Environment and Surveying and Mapping Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou234000China

Environmental stresses caused by climate change have severely affected agriculture in the present century;Salinity and drought have challenged most forecasts for increased agricultural production in the past few decades,there-fore,different methods that reduce the effect of these stresses on plants have attracted scientists’*** effect of beneﬁcial soil microorganisms on soil health and increasing plants’resistance to stresses is one of the solutions that researchers have paid attention *** study investigated how Trichoderma species can be affected by the molecular and morphophysiological mechanisms of plants and improve their salt and drought *** study also studied the different Trichoderma species’functions to get a better understanding of how they reduce salt and drought ***,theﬁndings of this study provide a clear path for future research to focus on the unknown aspects of Trichoderma species andﬁnd effective ways to boost crop production under environmental stresses.

关键词： Dryness microorganisms molecular morphophysiology plant resistance saline environment

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Sediment settling in the Latian Dam in Iran

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第2期29卷 208-217页

作者： Farhang BEHRANGI mohammad Ali BANIHASHEMI Shayesteh MAHANI mohammad reza RAHMANIAN Hydraulic Structures School of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of TehranPO Box 11365-4563TehranIran Ph.D.Student School of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranPO Box 11365-4563TehranIran.Assoc.Prof. Department of Civil Engineering the City College of New YorkNew YorkUSA.Assis.Prof. Department of Civil Engineering Shahrood University of TechnologyShahroodIran.Assis.Prof.

Among the difficulties that influence future dam operations,reservoir sedimentation is the most problematic for *** study predicted the amount and pattern of sedimentation for use in estimation of the useful lifespan of reservoirs and identification of optimal locations for outlets and intakes at the initial stages of dam *** surveys of different dams can provide better insight into this *** Dam in Iran has conducted hydrographic surveys during 7 time *** amount and process of sedimentation in this reservoir were determined,and predictions of distribution of sediments were validated by well-known,common *** formation of a delta in the reservoir was investigated for different time periods after *** problems due to the impacts of sedimentation on dam operation and the useful lifespan of the reservoir were *** addition,the study results may be used for developing empirical methods to predict sedimentation patterns in other reservoirs.

关键词： Sedimentation Dams Reservoirs Latian Dam Empirical methods Delta

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Task Allocation Approach for Minimizing Make-Span inWireless Sensor Actor Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第11期39卷 165-178页

作者： mohammad reza Okhovvat mohammad Taghi Kheirabadi Ali Nodehi Morteza Okhovvat Department of Computer Engineering Gorgan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityGorganIran Health Management and Social Development Research Center Golestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran

Wireless Sensor Actor Networks(WSANs)have contributed to the development of pervasive computing wherein time consideration to perform the tasks of pervasive applications is ***,time constraint is one of the major challenges of *** this paper,we propose an analytical approach based on queuing theory to minimize the total time taken for completion of tasks,i.e.,make-span,in WSANs with hybrid *** best allocation rates of tasks to actor nodes are figured out through solving inequities and qualities resulting from a steady state analysis of the proposed *** the calculated tasks arrival rates at each of the actors,the make-span could be *** assess the accuracy of the tasks assignment rates to each of the actors attained from the suggested analytical approach and to provide a graphical representation of the WSAN a formal model in terms of the generalized stochastic Petri net(GSPN)is *** proposed GSPN model is analyzed,tasks distribution weights to the actors are determined,and then tasks allocation rates can be *** the results achieved from the analytical approach and the GSPN model demonstrates that allocation rates and hence,the make-span figured out from proposed approach and the formal model are the *** results in typical scenarios show shorter make-span and longer network lifetime compared to when one of the two popular traditional task allocation algorithms,namely,opportunistic load balancing(OLB),and stochastic allocation(SA)algorithms,is used.

关键词： GSPN make-span optimization queuing system task allocation

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Application of 2,2'-dithiobis(4-methylthiazole) as sensing material for construction of Lu^(3+) PVC-membrane sensor

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第8期22卷 977-980页

作者： mohammad reza Abedi Hassan Ali Zamani Department of Applied Chemistry Quchan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityQnchanIran

In this work a new Lu^（3＋） PVC-membrane sensor based on 2,2＇-dithiobis（4-methylthiazole）（TMT） has been *** sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 19.6±0.4 mV decade（？） in the concentration range of 1.0×10~6-1.0×10~2 mol L^1 and a detection limit of 6.8×10~7 mol L^*** could work well in the pH range of *** selectivity of the sensor against a lot of common alkaline,alkaline earth,transition,heavy metals and specially lanthanide ions was very good.

关键词： Ion-selective electrode Potentiometry Sensor PVC membrane

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Using S-statistic for investigating the effect of temperature on hydrodynamics of gas-solid fluidization

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Particuology 2013年第3期11卷 288-293页

作者： mohammad reza Tamadondar reza Zarghami Hedayat Azizpour Navid Mostoufi Jamal Chaouki Ramin Radmanesh Multiphase Systems Research Lab. Oil and Gas Processing Centre of ExcellenceSchool of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran Department of Chemical Engineering Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal

The influence of temperature on fluidization was investigated by a statistical chaotic attractor comparison test known as S-statistic, After calibration of the variables used in this method, the S-test was applied to the radioactive particle tracking （RPT） data obtained from a lab-scale fluidized bed. Experiments were performed with sand as fluidized particles and in temperatures from ambient up to 600 ℃ with superficial gas velocities of 0.29, 0.38 and 0.52 m/s. Considering the behavior of bubbles and comparing with frequency domain analysis, it was concluded that S-statistic is a reliable method for characterization of fluidization process behavior at different temperatures.

关键词： S-statisticEffect of temperatureParticle trajectoryFluidized bed

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Synthesis of new 4,6-diaryl-2-(arylthio)nicotinonitriles in Triton X-100 aqueous micellar media

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第2期26卷 263-266页

作者： mohammad reza Poor Heravi Amir Soufi Department of Chemistry Payame Noor University

In this communication,we report four component condensations of acetophenone,arylaldehydes,arylthiol,and malononitrile in the presence of Triton X-100（5 mol%） aqueous *** reaction led to the formation of 4,6-diaryl-2-（arylthio）nicotinonitrile new derivatives in good *** FT-IR,^19F NMR,^1H NMR,^13C NMR spectra and elemental analysis confirm the structure of compounds.

关键词： Nicotinonitriles Triton X-100 Aqueous micellar media Non-ionic surfactant

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Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Pistacia species revealed by phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene markers and implications for conservation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第4期29卷 986-996页

作者： Setareh Mirzavand Karim Sorkheh mohammad reza Siahpoosh Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Faculty of AgricultureShahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

Information on population genetic structure and crop genetic diversity is important for genetically improving crop species and conserving threatened species. The PAL gene sequence is part of a multigene family that can be utilized to design DNA marker systems for genetic diversity and population structure investigation. In the current study, genetic diversity and population structure of 100 accessions of wild Pistacia species were investigated with 78 PAL markers. A protocol for using PAL sequences as DNA markers was developed. A total of 313 PAL loci were recognized, showing 100% polymorphism for PAL markers. The PAL markers produced relatively more observed and effective alleles in Pistacia falcata and Pistacia atlantica, with a higher Shannon＇s information index and expected heterozygosity in P. atlantica, Pistacia vera and Pistacia mutica. Pairwise assessment of Nei＇s genetic distance and genetic identity between populations revealed a close association between geographically iso- lated populations of Pistacia khinjuk and Pistacia chinensis. The accessions of wild Pistacia species had more genetic relationship among studied groups of species. Analysis of molecular variance indicated 19% among- population variation and 81% within-population variation for the PAL gene based DNA marker. Population structure analysis based on PAL revealed four groups with high genetic admixture among populations. The results establish PAL markers as a functional DNA marker system and provide important genetic information about accessions from wild populations of Pistacia species.

关键词： Genetic relationship Classification Geneticresources PAL Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene

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