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Distinct and combined impacts of climate and land use scenarios on water availability and sediment loads for a water supply reservoir in northern Morocco

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 141-153页

作者： Fatiha Choukri Damien Raclot Mustapha Naimi mohamed chikhaoui Joao Pedro Nunes Frédéric Huard Cécile Hérivaux mohamed Sabir Yannick Pépin IAV Hassan II Department of Natural Resources and EnvironmentMadinat Al IrfaneRabatMorocco LISAH Univ MontpellierINRAEIRDInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance CE3C-Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesFaculdade de CienciasUniversidade de Lisboa1749-016LisboaPortugal INRAE-AgroClim 228 Route de l’AérodromeCS 4050984914AvignonCedex 9France BRGM Univ Montpellier1039 Rue de Pinville34000MontpellierFrance ENFI bd Moulay YoussefTabriquetSALEMorocco

The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of climate and land use changes on wateravailability and sediment loads for a water supply reservoir in northern Morocco using data-intensive simulation models in a data-scarce region. Impacts were assessed by comparing the simulated water and sediment entering the reservoir between the future period 2031-2050 and the 1983-2010 reference period. Three scenarios of land use change and two scenarios of climate change were developed in the Tleta watershed. Simulations under current and future conditions were performed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The simulations showed that climate change will lead to a sig-nificant decrease in the annual water supply to the reservoir (-16.9% and -27.5%) and in the annual volume of sediment entering the reservoir (-7.4% and -12.6%), depending on the climate change sce-narios tested. The three scenarios of land use change will lead to a moderate change in annual water inflow into the reservoir (between-6.7% and +6.2%), while causing a significant decrease in sediment entering the reservoir (-37%to-24%). The combined impacts of climate and land use changes will cause a reduction in annual water availability (-9.9%to-33.3%) and sediment supplies (-28.7%to-45.8%). As a result, the lifetime of the reservoir will be extended, but at the same time, the risk of water shortages will increase, especially from July to March. Therefore, alternative water resources must be considered.

关键词： Climate change Land use change SWAT Runoff Reservoir management Morocco

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Water in Morocco, Retrospective at the Political, Regulatory and Institutional Levels

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2022年第2期12卷 11-31页

作者： Othman Machrafi Ayoub Attou mohamed Sabir mohamed Qarro Mustapha Naimi mohamed chikhaoui école Nationale Forestière d’Ingénieurs Salé Morocco Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II Rabat Morocco

Water, a primary source of life, in Morocco, is recognized as a major problem due to its scarcity on the one hand, the multiplication and interdependence of uses, the overlap of responsibilities between public and private actors, and the superposition of regulatory texts on the other hand. It is in this sense that a retrospective analysis of water management in Morocco has been made to highlight the reconfigurations and successive legislative and institutional reforms that the water sector has undergone, the constraints and shortcomings that this sector has experienced and the solutions undertaken to remedy them. Its developmental orientation, managed since independence by the Ministry of Public Works, was strongly correlated with water even after the reforms of 2002 and 2007. The institutional reform led to the creation of the Hydraulic Basin Agencies (HBAs) as a response to the severe drought problems that characterized the early 1980s. The modern twist could respond to the operational difficulties of Integrated Water Resources Management IWRM by focusing the missions of these agencies as regality of the State, while the political orientation towards large-scale irrigated agriculture also led to their focus on meeting the supply side. This generally explains the creation of institutions that are weak enough, in terms of bureaucratic power, not to interfere with the general direction of the country and not to threaten the prerogatives of other powerful administrations such as agriculture and the interior. For this reason, efforts could also have been made to institute coordination mechanisms between the different sectors to put the sectoral plans and master plans in order to strengthen the coordination and regulation role of the Hydraulic Basin Agencies (HBAs). The country is also subject to exogenous harmonization of water policies because of donors who make their loans and project financing conditional on the establishment of a water resources management organiza

关键词： Water Management in Morocco IWRM HBA Basin Agency Policy Retrospective Analysis

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Analysis of the Water Management System in a Mountain Territory, the Case of the Nekor Watershed, Rif, Morocco

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2022年第4期12卷 125-154页

作者： Othman Machrafi Ayoub Sguigaa Ayoub Attou mohamed Sabir Mustapha Naimi mohamed chikhaoui Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan 2 Rabat Maroc école Nationale Forestière d’Ingénieurs Salé Morocco

Integrated management has become an essential approach for sustainable water resource management. However, if the concept seems relevant, its concrete application at the local scale has yet to be undertaken, with all the difficulties related to the complexity underlying the issue. The Rif is characterized by the multiplication and interdependence of uses, the overlapping responsibilities between public and private actors, the superposition of sectoral regulations, which raises the following question: Is the current management of water resources in the Rif mountains suitable for a future constraining on several aspects: socio-economic and climatic? The general objective of this work is to analyze the current management of water resources scientifically, politically, institutionally and legally, to identify the innovations needed for sustainable management and adaptation to climate change in the Rif Mountains. The systemic approach allowed us to highlight and prioritize the structuring elements of water management in the Nekor basin and their interactions. The crossing of hydrological data with socio-economic data allowed us to have a global and multidisciplinary vision of both uses and water resources, and of all the components of the system’s environment, the interdependencies influence the management system, despite the complexity accentuated by the lack of data. Indeed, it was difficult to identify the influence of each component. The current degradation of resources is only a reflection of a socio-cultural crisis that can only be remedied by a change in mentality, economic development, social equity and more solidarity between the city and rural communities.

关键词： Water Governance Rif IWRM Adaptation to Climate Change Nekor Watershed Systemic Approach

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Analysis of the Silting Rate in the “Hachef” Dam Situated in Northern Morocco in the Context of Global Change

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第2期12卷 112-124页

作者： Abderrahim El Boukhari mohamed chikhaoui Hicham Mharzi-Alaoui Mustapha Naimi Center for Doctoral Studies IAV Hassan II Rabat Morocco Department of Natural Resources & Environment IAV Hassan II Rabat Morocco National Center for Climatic and Forest Risk Management Rabat Morocco

The Moroccan annual dam silting corresponds to a loss in storage capacity of the reservoirs of about 75 million m3 per year. Land use metamorphosis and the ongoing climate changes are likely to accelerate the process of soil degradation and erosion. In this delicate context, Morocco will have to provide appropriate responses in terms of adaptation and remediation strategies to the degradation of soil and water resources. The objectives of this paper are to characterize the Specific Degradation (SD) of the Tangier basin through the study of the silting of the watershed located upstream the Hachef dam and to analyze the silting rate of the Hachef dam according to the variability of precipitations and the dynamics of the vegetation convent. The adopted approach is based on the analysis of the bathymetric surveys of the Hachef Dam to characterize the SD and the analysis of the silting rate based on the characterization of the spatial and temporal variability of the two key factors of water erosion. The results of processing the bathymetric surveys over a 19-year analysis period (1995-2014) show an annual average total silting of about 11.46 Mm3 and a corresponding SD of about 36.7 t⋅ha−1⋅yr−1. This study shows the significant influence of the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation and vegetation cover on the silting dynamics of dams.

关键词： Dam Silting Spatial and Temporal Variability Hachef Dam Morocco

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A New Speed Limit Recognition Methodology Based on Ensemble Learning:Hardware Validation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 119-138页

作者： mohamed Karray Nesrine Triki mohamed Ksantini ESME ESME Research LabIvry Sur Seine94200France CEM Lab ENISUniversity of SfaxSfax3038Tunisia

Advanced DriverAssistance Systems(ADAS)technologies can assist drivers or be part of automatic driving systems to support the driving process and improve the level of safety and comfort on the *** Sign Recognition System(TSRS)is one of themost important components *** the challengeswith TSRS is being able to recognize road signs with the highest accuracy and the shortest processing ***,this paper introduces a new real time methodology recognizing Speed Limit Signs based on a trio of developed ***,the Speed Limit Detection(SLD)module uses the Haar Cascade technique to generate a new SL detector in order to localize SL signs within captured ***,the Speed Limit Classification(SLC)module,featuring machine learning classifiers alongside a newly developed model called DeepSL,harnesses the power of a CNN architecture to extract intricate features from speed limit sign images,ensuring efficient and precise *** addition,a new Speed Limit Classifiers Fusion(SLCF)module has been developed by combining trained ML classifiers and the DeepSL model by using the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions and ensemble learning’s voting *** rigorous software and hardware validation processes,the proposedmethodology has achieved highly significant F1 scores of 99.98%and 99.96%for DS theory and the votingmethod,***,a prototype encompassing all components demonstrates outstanding reliability and efficacy,with processing times of 150 ms for the Raspberry Pi board and 81.5 ms for the Nano Jetson board,marking a significant advancement in TSRS technology.

关键词： Driving automation advanced driver assistance systems(ADAS) traffic sign recognition(TSR) artificial intelligence ensemble learning belief functions voting method

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A Distributionally Robust Optimization Scheduling Model for Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Hot Dry Rock Co-Generation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1387-1404页

作者： Hao Qi mohamed Sharaf Andres Annuk Adrian Ilinca mohamed A.mohamed College of Electrical and New Energy China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China Department of Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia Institute of Forestry and Engineering Estonian University of Life SciencesTartu51006Estonia Department of Mechanical Engineering école de Technologie SupérieureMontréalQC H3C 1K3Canada Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61519Egypt

Hot dry rock(HDR)is rich in reserve,widely distributed,green,low-carbon,and has broad development potential and *** this paper,a distributionally robust optimization(DRO)scheduling model for a regionally integrated energy system(RIES)considering HDR co-generation is ***,the HDR-enhanced geothermal system(HDR-EGS)is introduced into the ***-EGS realizes the thermoelectric decoupling of combined heat and power(CHP)through coordinated operation with the regional power grid and the regional heat grid,which enhances the system wind power(WP)feed-in ***,peak-hour loads are shifted using price demand response guidance in the context of time-of-day ***,the optimization objective is established to minimize the total cost in the RIES scheduling cycle and construct a DRO scheduling model for RIES with *** simulating a real small-scale RIES,the results show that HDR-EGS can effectively promote WP consumption and reduce the operating cost of the system.

关键词： Energy harvesting integrated energy systems optimum scheduling time-of-use pricing demand response geothermal energy

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Calculus bovis in hepatocellular carcinoma:Tumor molecular basis,Wnt/β-catenin pathway role,and protective mechanism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3959-3964页

作者： Khaled mohamed mohamed Koriem Department of Medical Physiology Medical Research and Clinical Studies InstituteNational Research CentreGiza 12622Egypt

In this editorial,we comment on the recent article by Huang et *** editorial focuses specifically on the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC,and protective mechanism of Calculus bovis(CB)in *** cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths *** most prevalent kind of primary liver cancer,HCC,is typically brought on by long-term viral infections(hepatitis B and C),non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,excessive alcohol consumption,and other conditions that can cause the liver to become chronically inflamed and *** is a wellknown traditional remedy in China and Japan and has been used extensively to treat a variety of diseases,such as high fever,convulsions,and *** in lipid metabolism,cholesterol metabolism,bile acid metabolism,alcohol metabolism,and xenobiotic detoxification lead to fatty liver disease and liver ***,which is a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate,is vital to energy production and mitochondrial *** is also thought to be a signaling molecule in metabolism and in the development and spread of liver *** Wnt/β-catenin pathway is made up of a group of proteins that are essential for both adult tissue homeostasis and embryonic *** is frequently caused by the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling *** HCC liver carcinogenesis,Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated by the expression of downstream target *** between the liver and the gut exists via the portal vein,biliary tract,and systemic ***"gutliver axis"controls intestinal *** of the main factors contributing to the development,progression,and treatment resistance of HCC is the abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling ***,understanding this pathway is essential to treating *** ingredients of CB,particularly oleanolic acid,ergosterol,and ursolic acid,have anti-p

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma MicroRNAs Wnt/β-catenin pathway Calculus bovis Apoptosis

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Privacy-preserved learning from non-i.i.d data in fog-assisted IoT:A federated learning approach

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 404-415页

作者： mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Nour Moustafa Imran Razzak mohamed Abd Elfattah Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazigSharqiyah44519Egypt School of Engineering and Information Technology University of New South Wales@ADFACanberraACT2600Australia Deakin University Geelong Waurn Ponds CampusAustralia Computer Science Department Misr Higher Institute for Commerce and ComputersMansoura35511Egypt

With the prevalence of the Internet of Things(IoT)systems,smart cities comprise complex networks,including sensors,actuators,appliances,and cyber *** complexity and heterogeneity of smart cities have become vulnerable to sophisticated cyber-attacks,especially privacy-related attacks such as inference and data poisoning *** Learning(FL)has been regarded as a hopeful method to enable distributed learning with privacypreserved intelligence in IoT *** though the significance of developing privacy-preserving FL has drawn as a great research interest,the current research only concentrates on FL with independent identically distributed(i.i.d)data and few studies have addressed the non-i.i.d *** is known to be vulnerable to Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)attacks,where an adversary can presume to act as a contributor participating in the training process to acquire the private data of other *** paper proposes an innovative Privacy Protection-based Federated Deep Learning(PP-FDL)framework,which accomplishes data protection against privacy-related GAN attacks,along with high classification rates from non-i.i.d ***-FDL is designed to enable fog nodes to cooperate to train the FDL model in a way that ensures contributors have no access to the data of each other,where class probabilities are protected utilizing a private identifier generated for each *** PP-FDL framework is evaluated for image classification using simple convolutional networks which are trained using MNIST and CIFAR-10 *** empirical results have revealed that PF-DFL can achieve data protection and the framework outperforms the other three state-of-the-art models with 3%–8%as accuracy improvements.

关键词： Privacy preservation Federated learning Deep learning Fog computing Smart cities

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Comparison between seismic analysis of twisting and regular 52-story towers considering soil-structure interaction

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 663-675页

作者： mohamed Naguib Abouelsaad Mohammed Shaaban Salah El Bagalaty mohamed E.El Madawy Structural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMansura UniversityMansoura 35511Egypt Faculty of Engineering Delta University for Science and TechnologyGamasa 35712Egypt

A dynamic analysis of both twisting and regular towers is carried out to determine the results of considering soil-structure interaction(SSI)on high-rise *** addition,the difference between the seismic performance of using twisting towers over regular ones is *** twisting tower is a simulation of the Evolution Tower(Moscow).The towers’skeletons consist of RC elements and rest on a reinforced concrete piled-raft *** soil model is considered as multi-layered with the same soil properties as the zone chosen for the analysis(New Mansoura City,Egypt).The only difference between both towers is their shape in *** whole system is modelled and analyzed in a single step as one full 3D model,which is known as the direct approach in *** analyses are carried out using finite-element software(Midas GTS NX).Dynamic output responses due to three records of seismic loads are proposed and presented in some *** on the results,it is concluded that SSI has a considerable effect on the dynamic response of tall buildings mainly because of the foundation flexibility,as it leads to lengthening the vibration period,increasing the story drift and the base shear for both cases.

关键词： soil-structure interaction seismic analysis twisting towers base shear story drift finite element method Midas GTS NX

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Exact and heuristic formulae to compute the geodetic height from the ellipse equation

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 150-155页

作者： mohamed Eleiche Ahmed Hamdi Mansi Construction Department Faculty of EngineeringEgyptian Russian UniversityCairoEgypt Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sezione di PisaPisaPlItaly

The conversion of the cartesian coordinates of a point to its geodetic equivalent coordinates in reference to the geodetic ellipsoid is one of the main challenges in *** ellipse equation in the meridian plane significantly influences the value of the geodetic *** research analyzes this influence and how it can contribute to their *** study investigates the mathematical relation between them and presents an exact formula relating to the geodetic height and the ellipse *** addition,a heuristic formula for the relation between the geodetic height and the ellipse equation is proposed,which is independent of the geodetic latitude and has a relative accuracy better than 99.9 %.The calculation is stable,and the cost is low.

关键词： Ellipse equation Geodetic height Heuristic geodetic height

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