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Influence of the a.nea.ing Tempera.ure on the Thickness a.d Roughness of La.lt;SUB>2Ti2O7Thin Films

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a.va.ces in Ma.eria.s Physics a.d Chemistry 2020年第8期10卷 189-198页

作者： mohamed a. baba a.a.Ga.im a.delmoneim mohamed a.a.elgied Na.ie a.da.la.ief a.muslet a.med mohamed Sa.ih Depa.tment of La.er System Institute of Laser Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Institute of Frontier a.d Funda.enta. Science University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Depa.tment of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Depa.tment of Genera. Science Karrary University Omdurman Sudan a.mogra. College of Science a.d Technology Khartoum Sudan

In this work, the impa.t of the substra.e a.nea.ing tempera.ure on the thickness a.d roughness of La.Ti2O7 thin films wa. verified. a.group of LTO Thin films wa. grown on Si (100) substra.es successfully via.pulsed la...

In this work, the impa.t of the substra.e a.nea.ing tempera.ure on the thickness a.d roughness of La.sub>2Ti2O7 thin films wa. verified. a.group of LTO Thin films wa. grown on Si (100) substra.es successfully via.pulsed la.er deposition technique (PLD) a. va.ious a.nea.ing tempera.ures with a.consta.t numbers of pulses a.d energy per pulse. Sca.ning Electron Microscope (SEM) a.d a.omic Force Microscope (a.M) were used to investiga.e the thickness a.d roughness of the deposited Laa.e:norma.;">2Tia.e:norma.;">2Oa.e:norma.;">7 thin films. The a.era.e thickness of the thin films wa. decrea.ed due to the increa.ing in the a.nea.ing tempera.ure linea.ly;the ma.imum thickness wa. found (231 nm) when LTO thin film deposited a. 500°Ca.>. The root mea. squa.e roughness wa. increa.ed linea.ly with increa.ing the substra.e Tempera.ures. The minimum roughness wa. found (0.254 nm) when LTO deposited a. (500°Ca.>). From the obta.ned results, its clea. evidence tha. the a.nea.ing tempera.ure ha. a. influence on the thickness a.d roughness of the LTO thin films.

关键词： La.Ti2O7 Thin Films PLD Perovskites a.nea.ing Tempera.ure

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Non-surgica. ma.a.ement of dens inva.ina.us type IIIB in ma.illa.y la.era. incisor with three root ca.a.s a.d 6-yea. follow-up:a.ca.e report a.d review of litera.ure

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World Journa. of Clinica. Ca.es 2022年第33期10卷 12240-12256页

作者： Sura. a.ora.Gurdeep Singh Gill Sha.a.e a.ulla.s Sa.uib Priya.ka.Sa.uja.Suheel M baba Sha.a.t Ulla. Kha.eeb a.sha. M a.dulla.Sha.hit Shetty Ba.a.eedu a.med Ba.iker mohamed a.i mohamed Fa.ul a.Ela.ib Depa.tment of Restora.ive Denta. Sciences College of DentistryKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia Depa.tment of Conserva.ive Dentistry a.d Endodontics JCD Dental CollegeSirsa 125055India Depa.tment of Periodontics a.d Community Denta. Sciences King Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia Depa.tment of Pedia.ric Dentistry a.d Orthodontic Sciences King Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia

Ba.KGROUND The presence of dens inva.ina.us(DI)complica.es trea.ment of a.y tooth,from dia.nosis to a.cess ca.ity a.d biomecha.ica. prepa.a.ion a.d obtura.ion.Reports of successful non-surgica. ma.a.ement of DI type IIIB in ma.illa.y la.era. incisor a.e ra.e.Here,we report such a.ca.e,with three root ca.a.s a.d a.long follow-up.Ca.E SUMMa.Y a.13-yea.-old fema.e pa.ient presented with mild pa.n in the ma.illa.y right la.era. incisor(#7)for 10-15 d.On exa.ina.ion,the tooth wa. slightly rota.ed,with slight tenderness on percussion a.d gra.e I mobility but with no ca.ies,pockets or restora.ions a.d non-vita. pulp(via.vita.ity tests).Ra.iogra.hic exa.ina.ion revea.ed unusua. configura.ion of the tooth’s root ca.a.s,with a. ena.el-lined inva.ina.ion extending to the a.ex,suggesting the possibility of DI Oehler’s type IIIB a.d a.peria.ica. ra.iolucency.Widening the a.cess ca.ity lingua.ly revea.ed one distinct bucca. orifice a.d two distinct pa.a.a. orifices;under higher ma.nifica.ion of a.denta. opera.ing microscope(DOM),the mesio pa.a.a. a.d disto-pa.a.a. orifices were observed a. connected by a.C-sha.ed groove.The root ca.a.s were prepa.ed with ha.d K-files following a.step-ba.k technique,a.d obtura.ed using a.combina.ion technique of la.era. condensa.ion a.d vertica. compa.tion.a. the 6-yea. follow-up,the pa.ient wa. a.ymptoma.ic,a.d the peria.ica. ra.iogra.hy displa.ed significa.t hea.ing a.ound the a.ica. end of the root.CONCLUSION Proper knowledge of unusua. root ca.a. a.a.omy is required in trea.ing DI.Conventiona. methods of root ca.a. trea.ment ca. successfully resolve such complex ca.es,fa.ilita.ed by DOM a.d cone-bea. computed tomogra.hy.

关键词： Dens inva.ina.us Ma.illa.y la.era. incisor Three root ca.a.s Root ca.a. a.a.omy Trea.ment Ca.e report

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Cha.a.teriza.ion of Indigenous a.d a.a.ted Hydroca.bon Degra.ing Ba.teria.Isola.ed from La.dfill Lea.ha.e from a.n Temouchent Engineered La.dfill, a.geria

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Journa. of Environmenta. Science a.d Engineering(a. 2013年第9期2卷 537-548页

作者： Cha.li a.cha.baba Ha.ed mohamed Bey Kiha. Mebrouk La.ora.ory of a.plied Microbiology Department of Biology Faculty of Science Oran University Oran 31100 Algeria La.ora.ory of a.ua.ulture a.d Bioremedia.ion Department of Biotechnology Faculty of science Oran University Oran 31100Algeria.

One of the most importa.t issues rega.ding the design of engineered la.dfill is la.dfill lea.ha.e tha. is produced when wa.er pa.ses through the wa.te. La.dfill Lea.ha.e comprises a.ma.s of different orga.ic a.d inorga.ic components which ca. be dissolved or suspended. Rega.dless of the na.ure of the components, it poses a.potentia. pollution on loca. la.d a.d surfa.e wa.ers. The present work wa. underta.en to a.sess, isola.e, identify a.d cha.a.terize the hydroca.bon degra.ing ba.teria.a.socia.ed with environmenta. sa.ples collected from discha.ge of a.n Temouchent, a.geria. The sa.ples (la.dfill lea.ha.e) were chemica.ly a.d microbiologica.ly a.a.yzed using sta.da.d techniques. These orga.isms were further studied to determine the level of biodegra.ing a.tivities on hydroca.bons a. the single ca.bon source using enrichment medium under different physica. a.d chemica. pa.a.eters (pH, tempera.ure, Na.l a.d tolera.ce of crude oil...). The identifica.ion of seven stra.ns isola.ed na.ed a. Pseudomona. a.ruginosa. Pseudomona. fluorescens, Pseudomona. sp., Sta.hylococcus a.reus, Sta.hylococcus xylosus, Sta.hylococcus hominis a.d Sta.hylococcus wa.nerii. These stra.ns growth on a.neutra. medium a.d tempera.ure between 30 °C a.d 37 °C, 5 a. 6% of Na.l concentra.ion, a.d ca. use a.concentra.ion of 5 a. 10% of crude oil a. sole source of ca.bon.

关键词：填埋场渗滤液垃圾渗滤液阿尔及利亚烃降解菌分离株设计金黄色葡萄球菌 Na.l浓度

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Use of the Biostimula.t Ba.ed on the Mycorrhiza. Consortium of the Glomera.ea. Fa.ily in the Field to Improve the Production a.d Nutritiona. Sta.us of Ma.ze (Zea.ma.s L.) Pla.ts in Centra. Benin

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a.va.ces in Microbiology 2023年第6期13卷 323-345页

作者： Corentin a.podé Sylvestre a.a.o a.sogba.Sêma.sa.mohamed Isma.l Hoteyi Mèvognon Rica.dos a.uégué Na.ège a.oukè a.bodja.o Ma.cel Yévèdo a.oko Ola.éwa.jou a.ogou a.olphe a.ja.ohoun La.ine baba-Moussa Institut Na.iona. des Recherches a.ricoles du Bénin Cotonou Benin La.ora.oire de Biologie et de Typa.e Molécula.re en Microbiologie Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Béninois de la.Recherche Scientifique de l’Innova.ion (CBSRI) Cotonou Bénin Food Security a.d Sa.ety Focus a.ea Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North-West University Mmabatho South Africa

Excessive use of minera. fertilizers in ma.ze fa.ming nega.ively a.fects fa.mers’ income a.d impa.ts long-term soil hea.th. This study a.ms to a.precia.e the effectiveness of biostimula.t ba.ed on na.ive Glomera.ea. a.buscula. mycorrhiza. fungi on the production a.d upta.e of phosphorus, nitrogen a.d pota.sium of ma.ze (Zea.ma.s L.) pla.ts in centra. Benin. The tria.s were set up in a.fa.ming environment with thirty-four producers. The experimenta. design wa. composed of three trea.ments insta.led a. 34 producers. Three growth pa.a.eters were eva.ua.ed on 60 ème da.s a.ter sowing. Gra.n yield, nutritiona. sta.us of ma.ze pla.ts a.d mycorrhiza.ion pa.a.eters were determined a. ha.vest. The results showed tha. the Glomera.ea. + 50% NPK (NPK: a.ote-phosphore-pota.sium)_Urea.trea.ment improved the height, the crown dia.eter a.d the lea. a.ea.by 17.85%, 21.79% a.d 28.32% compa.ed to the a.solute control a.d by 0.41%, 1.11% a.d 1.46% compa.ed to the 100% NPK_Urea.trea.ment, respectively. Simila.ly, gra.n yield improved by 45.87% with the use of Glomera.ea. + 50% NPK_Urea.compa.ed to the a.solute control a.d by 3.96% compa.ed to the 100% NPK_Urea.trea.ment. The Glomera.ea. + 50% NPK_Urea.significa.tly improved the phosphorus a.d pota.sium upta.e of ma.ze pla.ts. With respect to nitrogen upta.e, no sta.istica. difference wa. observed between trea.ments. The mycorrhiza. stra.ns used improved root infection in the ma.ze pla.ts. We recorded 66% frequency a.d 40.5% intensity of mycorrhiza.ion. The biostimula.t ba.ed on indigenous Glomera.ea. combined with 50% NPK_Urea.ca. be used a. a.stra.egy to restore soil hea.th a.d improve ma.ze productivity in Benin.

关键词： Ecologica. Resilience Microorga.ism Pla.t Nutrition Susta.na.le a.riculture Zea.ma.s L.

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Crude Oil Degra.a.ion Potentia. of Indigenous Hydroca.bonocla.tic Ba.teria. Stra.n a.inetoba.ter johnsonii Firstly Isola.ed from Ma.ine Sediments of Ora. Port,a.geria

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Journa. of Environmenta. Science a.d Engineering(a. 2019年第4期8卷 131-140页

作者： Fa.za.Benda.eche mohamed Bey baba Ha.ed Sidi-Moha.med El-a.ine a.i a.a. La.ora.ory of a.ua.ulture a.d Bioremedia.ion(a.ua.ior) Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Nature and Life SciencesUniversity of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben BellaOran 31000Algeria Higher School of Biologica. Sciences of Ora. Oran 31000Algeria

Petroleum conta.ina.ts ca.sed grea. da.a.es to environment a.d huma. hea.th.a.ong,the port of Ora. is subject of pollution ma.nly by Pa.s(Polycyclic a.oma.ic Hydroca.bons)a. a.result of the la.ge flow of ships.Thus bioremedia.ion by indigenous microorga.isms is a. importa.t mea.s for their reduction a.d elimina.ion.In the present work,a.hydroca.bonocla.tic ba.terium stra.n SP49F2 wa. considered,firstly isola.ed from the conta.ina.ed ma.ine sediments a.d sea.a.er a. the port of Ora.(a.geria.,using Bushnell-Ha.s minera. sa.t medium,a.d identified on the ba.is of morphologica. a.d biochemica. cha.a.teristics a.d molecula. tools by a.a.ysis of pa.tia. 16S rRNa.gene sequence,using the Ba.ic Loca. a.ignment Sea.ch Tool progra. on the da.a.ba.e of NCBI(Na.iona. Centre for Biotechnology Informa.ion),a.d the EzBioCloud 16S rRNa.da.a.a.e.Kinetic of growth of this isola.e on crude oil during 20 da.s of culture wa. studied a. tempera.ure 25℃,3%(w/v)of Na.l concentra.ion a.d pH 7,a. 140 rpm(Revolutions Per Minute).Stra.n SP49F2 wa. identified molecula.ly a. a.inetoba.ter johnsonii,a.d might support high concentra.ions of crude oil(up to 10%,v/v).Results of growth kinetic on crude oil a. sole energy a.d ca.bon source by the isola.e stra.n showed tha. the sta.iona.y pha.e wa. a.ta.ned a. da. 12.Thus,tra.n a.inetoba.ter johnsonii SP49F2 could efficiently utilize crude oil a. its sole ca.bon a.d energy source,a.d could be used a. a.wonderful na.ive biologica. a.terna.ive for the bioremedia.ion of the port of Ora.,a.d ma.ine a.ea.polluted by petroleum hydroca.bons,a. a. eco-friendly effica.y degra.er,a.d ma. be suita.le for biotechnologica. a.plica.ions.

关键词： Crude oil a.inetoba.ter johnsonii bioremedia.ion ma.ine sediments 16S rDNa.

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Molecula. a.d Serologica. Epidemiology of Foot-a.d-Mouth Disea.e Virus in North Region of Ca.eroon

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a.va.ces in Microbiology 2022年第10期12卷 579-595页

作者： Simon Jumbo Dickmu Julius a.a.-Ndukum Niba.Ta.a.ja.a.iwo Sila. Lendzele Sevidzem mohamed Mocta. Mouliom Mouiche Ca.la.Bra.o de Rueda.La.ib Ba.ka.i Ka.simi a.el Wa.e Rebecca.Ga.a.ed a.dul-Da.iru El-Yuguda.Luis Rodriguez Sa.a.Sa.eed baba La.ora.oire Na.iona. Vétérina.re LANAVET Garoua Cameroon Depa.tment of a.ima. Production Technology College of Technology The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Institute of Resea.ch in Tropica. Ecology (IRET) Libreville Gabon Ecole des Sciences et de Médecine Vétérina.re Université de Ngaoundéré Ngaoundere Cameroon Foreign a.ima. Disea.e Resea.ch Unit United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Plum Island Animal Disease Centre Greenport USA a.ence Na.iona.e de Sécurité Sa.ita.re de l’a.imenta.ion de l’Environnement et du Travail Pierre et Marie Curie Maisons-Alfort France Depa.tment of Veterina.y Preventive Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus USA Depa.tment of Veterina.y Microbiology a.d Pa.a.itology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

The serologica. preva.ence of foot a.d mouth disea.e virus (FMDV) a.ong the ca.tle popula.ion in the North region of Ca.eroon wa. determined using ELISa.(Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent a.sa.s) serologica. tests for structura. a. well a. non-structura. proteins. In these ca.tle, FMDV RNa.wa. identified, a.plified, sequenced a.d the sequences were used to construct a.phylogenetic tree. a.sedenta.y ca.tle popula.ion ra.domly selected from six veterina.y centres in the North region wa. sa.pled twice, six months a.a.t. High preva.ence of FMDV a.tibody wa. recorded in the first (402/466 (85.84%)) a.d second (358/411 (86.90%)) sa.pling periods. There wa. no significa.t difference (P > 0.05) in preva.ence of FMDV a.tibody between the two sa.pling periods. Gouda.i a.d Peulh breeds of ca.tle a.d a.ima.s of three to five yea.s old were the most infected with FMDV a.d mostly in the months of Ma. a.d a.gust. a.seropreva.ence of 100% (n = 14) of FMDV a.a.nst serotypes a.a.d O wa. observed in sera.from conva.escent a.ima.s in the study a.ea. FMDV a.tigen detection ELISa.showed a.preva.ence of 18/37 (48.65%) for serotypes Sa.1 (8.1%), Sa.2 (35.1%), a.(10.8%) a.d O (2.7%) a.ong the clinica.ly infected a.ima.s. There wa. no significa.t difference (P > 0.05) in preva.ence of FMDV RNa.between the sa.pling periods. a.preva.ence of FMDV RNa.(17.5% (n = 120) a.d 16.7% (n = 240)) wa. observed a.ong the sedenta.y a.ima.s tha. were sa.pled four to five months a.a.t. FMDV RNa.preva.ence of 28/37 (75.6%) a.ong clinica.ly infected a.ima.s wa. a.so observed, thus confirming a.l the 12 outbrea.s investiga.ed. Sequence a.a.ysis of VP1 coding gene of the Sa.2 serotype showed tha. it wa. homologous to the Libya. isola.es (tha. ca.sed epidemics in northern a.rica.in 2012) a.d a.so clustered with the serotypes isola.ed from both Nigeria.a.d Suda. in 2007.

关键词： Foot-a.d-Mouth Disea.e Seropreva.ence Non-Structura. Protein Structura. Protein ELISA Sedenta.y Ca.tle North Ca.eroon

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Prima.y Open a.gle Gla.coma. Epidemiologica., Clinica. a.d Thera.eutic a.pects of 63 Ca.es a. Na.iona. Hospita. Center in Ma.rita.ia

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Open Journa. of Ophtha.mology 2020年第3期10卷 239-250页

作者： mohamed Jiddou Sidi baba a.medou Moula.e Idriss Tfeil Ya.ya.a.med Ta.eb Ba.ty Sidi Sidi Cheikh Fa.ulty of Medicine of Noua.chott Nouakchott Mauritania Ophtha.mology Depa.tment of Na.iona. Hospita. Center of Noua.chott Nouakchott Mauritania

Introduction: Prima.y open a.gle gla.coma.(POa.) is a. a.terior optic neuropa.hy of chronic a.d progressive course, cha.a.terized by perimeter a.tera.ion a.d exca.a.ion of the specific optic disc. This neuropa.hy is usua.ly a.compa.ied by ocula. hypertonia. The iridocornea. a.gle rema.ns open in gonioscopy. POa. is the prima.y ca.se of irreversible blindness in a.ults a.ound the world, posing a.rea. public hea.th a.d qua.ity of life problem a. well a. a. economic problem. The progressive a.d irreversible loss of vision ma.es POa. a.disea.e tha. ca. lea. to blindness. The ma.n objective of our study is to describe the epidemiologica., clinica. a.d thera.eutic a.pects of prima.y open a.gle gla.coma.in the ophtha.mology depa.tment of the Na.iona. Hospita. Center of Noua.chott. Ma.eria.s a.d Methods: It wa. a.prospective descriptive study of 6 months (Ma.ch 1st 2017 to a.gust 30th 2017), on pa.ients with a.POa. with the presence of a. lea.t one of the three signs (intra.cula. pressure > 21 mmHg, pa.illa.y cup/disc vertica. exca.a.ion ≥ 0.5 a.d a.field a.tered a.a.t from a.l other ca.ses). a.l gla.coma.pa.ients seen during the study period benefited from a.complete eye exa.ina.ion. The studied va.ia.les were the fa.ily history of gla.coma. a.e, intra.ocula. pressure (IOP) a.d pa.hymeter. Results: The mea. a.e wa. 58.7 yea.s. a.out 2/3 of the pa.ients ha. a.lower pa.hymeter to norma. (63% of ca.es), a.genetica.ly thinner cornea.results in a. underestima.ion of the IOP mea.urement. The ma.e wa. the most represented with a.sex ra.io M/F (1.42), the ma.n cha.a.teristic fa.tors were fa.ily history of gla.coma.(39.7%), a.tery hypertension, dia.etic a.d hea.a.he. The success ra.e of surgery wa. 69.8%, while 11% of our pa.ients ha. refused a.y kind of trea.ment, no complica.ions were noted, Conclusion: POa. is a.multifa.toria. condition which ca. lea. to blindness if not ea.ly dia.nosed or if trea.ment is poorly conducted, hence the impo

关键词： Gla.coma Intra.cula. Pressure Ma.rita.ia

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a.Novel a.proa.h in Hydrogeochemica. Explora.ion for Ura.ium Minera.iza.ion:a. Exa.ple from West Centra. Sina.,Egypt

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a.ta.Geologica.Sinica.English Edition) 2015年第6期89卷 1895-1913页

作者： a.med E.EL-Ra.ES mohamed O.a.NOUS Suez Ca.a. University Faculty of SciencesGeology Department

Groundwa.er in conta.t with ore deposits ma. a.quire a.chemica. composition tha. could be used a. a.guide for explora.ion. Eight well-wa.er sa.ples a.e collected from a.known ura.iumminera.ized a.ea.nea. a.u Zenima. west centra. Sina. to exa.ine the a.plica.ility of using the hydrogeochemica. technique in the sea.ch for ura.ium minera.iza.ion in simila. a.id a.ea.. The a.a.ytica. chemica. da.a.of the ground wa.er is compa.ed with ground ra.iometric mea.urements. The obta.ned results indica.e tha. groundwa.er a.fected by ura.ium minera.iza.ion ha. a.specific rela.ivity of ma.or a.ions expressed essentia.ly a. SO_4〉Cl〉HCO_3 a.d to a.lesser extent a. Cl〉SO_4〉HCO_3, a.socia.ed a. a.rule with low ma.nesium content. This a.socia.ion constitutes a.signa.ure of ura.ium minera.iza.ion on the composition of groundwa.er in west centra. Sina. a.d could be used a. a. importa.t explora.ion guide in the sea.ch for ura.ium deposits in simila. a.ea.. a.oma.ies in Ni, Fe, Zn a.d Cr a.d other pa.hfinder elements in groundwa.er ca. furnish geochemica. guides to ura.ium ores. The immobile tra.e element a.oma.ies, including Zn, Ni a.d Fe a.e strongly distributed nea. the orebody; wherea. the rela.ively mobile tra.e elements, including Co, U, V a.d Cr, constitute the dispersion ha.oes a.a. from the orebody. a.new hydrogeochemica. discrimina.ion dia.ra. is constructed to be used a. a.quick a.d cost effective explora.ion tool in the sea.ch for ura.ium occurrences in environmenta.ly simila. a.id a.ea.. Ba.ed on the obta.ned results, a.new site for ura.ium occurrence, west of W. baba, is delinea.ed a.d recommended for future deta.led geologica. a.d geochemica. surveying.

关键词： Hydrogeochemica. explora.ion Ura.ium ores geospa.ia. ma.ping gra.hica. explora.iontool remote sensing Sina.

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Emergency Tra.heotomy: Nine Yea.s Experiences in Na.iona. Center Hospita. of Noua.chott, Ma.rita.ia

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Open Journa. of Emergency Medicine 2021年第2期9卷 11-17页

作者： Da.i mohamed Elmocta. Cheikh Sidi Sidi mohamed Jiyide La.ine mohamedou Keita.Ma.iem a.iza.Sa.s Leziza.Sa.s Sidi Bra.im La.our a.del Va.a. Jiddou S. baba T’feil Ya.ya.a.medou Moula.e Idriss Ma.foudh mohamed Va.l ENT Depa.tment CHN Nouakchott Mauritania Ophtha.mology Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine Nouakchott Mauritania Urology Depa.tment Medicine Faculty Nouakchott Mauritania Genera. Surgery Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine Nouakchott Mauritania a.esthesia.Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine Nouakchott Mauritania

Introduction: Tra.heotomy is a.commonly performed procedure, but with very la.ge dispa.ities a.cording to the tea.s, both in terms of frequency a.d moda.ity (percuta.eous or surgica.), tra.heotomy ha. been evolved with medica. a.va.ces. The objective of this study wa. to cla.ify the indica.ions a.d complica.ions of emergency tra.heotomies a. the Na.iona. hospita. center (CHN) in Noua.chott Ma.rita.ia. Ma.eria.s a.d Methods: It is a.retrospective study of tra.heotomies performed in the ENT depa.tment of the CHN during the period from Ja.ua.y 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018. The indica.ions a.d complica.ions were noted, a. well a. the moda.ities a.d time of deca.nula.ion. Results: Tra.heotomy wa. motiva.ed by upper a.rwa. obstruction (Ua.) in 139 (94%) ca.es (mea. a.e 32.5 yea.s), or the need for prolonged ventila.ion in 8 pa.ients (media. a.e 46 yea.s). Sixteen (7%) ea.ly complica.ions were noted with 5 untimely deca.nula.ions including one fa.a. a.d 5 obstructive plug responsible for a.other dea.h. Six pneumothora. wa. observed. Fifteen (26%) la.e complica.ions required a.ditiona. surgery;7% (n = 11) of pa.ients were deca.nula.ed with a.mea. dura.ion of tra.heotomy 26 months. In 19 (28%) ca.es of deca.nula.ions, the persistence of a.tra.heocuta.eous fistula.required surgery. Conclusion: Emergency tra.heotomy is a.surviva. gesture tha. is sure to be effective. a.tra.heotomy is not deprived of complica.ions. Fa.ilia.ity with the technique, the right choice of equipment, perfect knowledge of the a.a.omica. rela.ionships of the tra.hea. rigorous monitoring a.d postopera.ive ca.e represent the ma.n conditions for minimizing the risk of complica.ions.

关键词： Emergency Tra.hea Tra.heotomy Complica.ions Ma.rita.ia

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a.sessing the Effects of La.d Use/La.d Cover Cha.ge on Groundwa.er Recha.ge in a.Suda.o-Sa.elia. Zone: Ca.e of Koda.Ca.chment, Ma.i, West a.rica

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Journa. of Geoscience a.d Environment Protection 2022年第8期10卷 39-54页

作者： Oumou Dia.coumba.a.a.a.Toure Ibra.ima.Da.u Seriba.Kona.e Ta.ufik Herma.si mohamed Kotti Ha.a.oun Boka. Nourredine Ga.oul Zoubeida.Ba.ga.ui Ecole Norma.e Supérieure de Ba.a.o (ENSup) Département Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (DER-SVT) Bamako Mali Ecole Na.iona.e d’Ingénieurs a.derra.ma.e baba Touré (ENI-a.T) Bamako Mali Institut Polytechnique Rura. de Forma.ion et de Recherche a.pliquée de Ka.ibougou (IPR/IFRa.de Ka.ibougou) Koulikoro Mali Institut Na.iona. des Recherches en Génie Rura. Ea. et Forêts (I.N.R.G.R.E.F) Tunis Tunisie Ecole Na.iona.e d’Ingénieurs de Tunis ENIT Tunis Tunisie

Groundwa.er is the ma.n source of wa.er in the studied a.ea.therefore, it is significa.tly requested in a.l the a.tivities of the inha.ita.ts. These na.ura. resources a.e a.fected by some drivers especia.ly La.d Use/La.d Cover (LULC) a.d Clima.e Cha.ge. a.La.d Use/La.d Cover (LULC) dyna.ics study is crucia. for a.y globa. environmenta. cha.ge eva.ua.ion. For insta.ce, for a.given pla.e, its cha.ge could a.fect considera.ly wa.er cycle components. Therefore, the knowledge of the effects of LULC on groundwa.er recha.ge is then the key in wa.er resources ma.a.ement system, in pa.ticula. for the decision ma.ers of the Koda.Ca.chment where the sca.city of the wa.er a.a.la.ility for a.riculture is rea.. The spa.iotempora. va.ia.ion of the different units of LULC present in the ca.chment ha. been exa.ined in this study. The Envi 4.5 Softwa.e coupled with a.cGIS using the Supervised Cla.sifica.ion method, wa. a.plied to subset La.dsa. ima.es from 1990 to 2016. Five (5) ma.or LULC ca.egories, cultiva.ed la.d, ba.e la.d, herba.eous sa.a.na., shrubby sa.a.na. a.d degra.ed sa.a.na., were identified in the ca.chment. In a.pa.a.lel direction, the groundwa.er recha.ge ha. been estima.ed through the conceptua. Ga.denia.model for the sa.e period 1990-2016. The results showed tha. the portion of cultiva.ed la.d a.d ba.e la.d increa.ed (14.9% a.d 23.5% respectively) while, the portion of sa.a.na. decrea.ed: herba.eous sa.a.na. by 24.4%, degra.ed sa.a.na. by 10.32% a.d Shrubby Sa.a.na. by 3.6%. Sa.a.na. a.ea. in Koda.ca.chment is converted to a.ricultura. la.d a.d urba. a.ea.due to huma. a.tivities. The decline of 8.4% in groundwa.er recha.ge might become so fa. obvious in the future if the current ra.e of deforesta.ion continues in the Koda.ca.chment. There is a.need to closely monitor the cha.ges in LULC for susta.na.le development. The results of this study could help to well understa.d the recha.ge pa.tern a.ross Koda.ca.chment under a.cha.ging LULC.

关键词： LULC Cha.ge Groundwa.er Recha.ge Ga.denia.Model GIS Koda.Ca.chment Ma.i

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