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Optimal Design of Two Road Networks Based on their Properties

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2007年第2期23卷 337-352页

作者： ming-zhe Li Yan zhang Faculty of Economics Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan

In this paper, we discuss some fundamental properties of two idealized typical networks, namely, grid type and radial-circular type. The discussion is based on SPCP （Shortest Path Counting Problem）, which reflects the traffic density of a road segment. Furthermore, we compare their effectiveness based on the obtained results of the above two road networks, and suggest some proposals on the design of car lanes by considering the direction of a road segment in relation to these road networks.

关键词： SPCP DSPCP grid radial-circular optimal design of road networks

Automated String Constraints Solving for Programs Containing String Manipulation Functions

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2017年第6期32卷 1125-1135页

作者： Xu-Zhou zhang Yun-Zhan Gong Ya-Wen Wang Ying Xing ming-zhe zhang State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Automation School Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

The ability to solve various constraints is a principal factor of automatic constraint solvers. Most object-oriented languages treat a character string as a primitive data type which is manipulated by string library functions. Most constraint solvers have limitations on their input constraints, such as strong restrictions on the expressiveness of constraints or lack of the ability to solve hybrid constraints. These limitations hinder applying automated constraint solvers on program analysis techniques for programs containing strings and string manipulation functions. We propose an approach to automatically solve program constraints involving strings and string manipulation functions. Based on the character array model, we design a constraint language which contains primitive operations to precisely describe the constraints of commonly used string manipulation functions. The translated string constraints together with numeric constraints are then solved by a two- phase test generation procedure： firstly, a partial solution is obtained to satisfy the arithmetic constraints of the position variables, and the solution is utilized to simplify the string constraints into pure character array constraints; secondly, the pure array constraints are solved by an off-the-shelf array-specific theory based constraint solver. We integrate the approach into an automated testing tool to support the generation of string test cases, and then perform experiments. The results of the experiments prove that the integration of the proposed approach promotes the testing coverage of the existing testing tool, and the integrated tool has an advantage of handling specific string manipulation functions compared with an existing string solver.

关键词： string constraints solving satisfaction module theory program analysis software testing automated testinput generation

Unit Test Data Generation for C Using Rule-Directed Symbolic Execution

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2019年第3期34卷 670-689页

作者： ming-zhe zhang Yun-Zhan Gong Ya-Wen Wang Da-Hai Jin State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876China

Unit testing is widely used in software development. One important activity in unit testing is automatic test data generation. Constraint-based test data generation is a technique for automatic generation of test data, which uses symbolic execution to generate constraints. Unit testing only tests functions instead of the whole program, where individual functions typically have preconditions imposed on their inputs. Conventional symbolic execution cannot detect these preconditions, let alone converting these preconditions into constraints. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel unit test data generation approach using rule-directed symbolic execution for dealing with functions with missing input preconditions. Rule-directed symbolic execution uses predefined rules to detect preconditions in the individual function, and generates constraints for inputs based on preconditions. We introduce implicit constraints to represent preconditions, and unify implicit constraints and program constraints into integrated constraints. Test data generated based on integrated constraints can explore previously unreachable code and help developers find more functional faults and logical faults. We have implemented our approach in a tool called CTS-IC, and applied it to real-world projects. The experimental results show that rule-directed symbolic execution can find preconditions (implicit constraints) automatically from an individual function. Moreover, the unit test data generated by our approach achieves higher coverage than similar tools and efficiently mitigates missing input preconditions problems in unit testing for individual functions.

关键词： automated unit testing program constraint symbolic execution static analysis

A new preparation technology of structural- gradient materials without a brittle transition zone in a Mn-Si-Cr-B bainitic cast steel

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China Foundry 2018年第4期15卷 283-290页

作者： yu-guang zhao zhe wang xiao-feng xu ming-zhe zhang wen-qiang jiang key laboratory of automobile of ministry of Education ＆school of Materials Science and Engineering Nanling Campusjilin UniversityNO.5988 Renmin streetchangchun 130025china

In the present work, a unique gradient cooling heat treatment process(GCHT) for a Mn-Si-Cr-B bainitic cast steel was developed, and microstructure and mechanical properties were examined by OM, SEM, EBSD and a uniaxial tensile test. The results showed that the structural-gradient-material(SGM) with a gradient microstructure from granular bainite to martensite was successfully produced, and it exhibited a good ductility(~13.8%) at one end and an excellent ultimate strength(~1,720 MPa) at the other end. In between the bainite and martensite, a transition region with a superior combination of tensile strength and ductility(1,700 MPa and 11.1%) was obtained, which is different from the normal knowledge of a brittle transition region. Moreover, through changing the gradient of cooling rate, the optimized SGM with a new gradient microstructure from pearlite to martensite showed a more stable structural gradient and an improved ductility(22.8%) at one end. The microstructure variation in the sample was mainly related to the carbon diffusion rate during heat treatment, and the diffusion rate could be controlled by regulating the cooling velocity. Therefore, the SGMs with different gradient microstructures could be designed to meet the needs of different properties. As a result, this work provides a new approach for preparation of the gradient structured steel, which has potential for practical application for dual-property automobile parts.

关键词： bainitic cast steel gradient cooling heat treatment structural-gradient-materials

Protective effect of sevoflurane on lung function of elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第31期11卷 7619-7628页

作者： Yuan Yao Man-Si zhang Yue-Bing Li ming-zhe zhang Department of Anesthesiology The Second Hospital of JiaxingJiaxing 314000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Shangrao Municipal HospitalShangrao 334000Jiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou 310005Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Dingzhou People’s HospitalDingzhou 073000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a common respiratory disorder that affects the elderly population and increases the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)after major *** is a volatile anesthetic that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and attenuate lung injury in animal *** To evaluate the protective effect of sevoflurane on the lung function of elderly COPD patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA).METHODS In this randomized controlled trial,we randomly assigned 120 elderly patients with COPD,who were scheduled for THA,to receive either sevoflurane(sevoflurane group)or propofol(propofol group)as the maintenance *** primary outcome was the incidence of PPCs within seven days after *** secondary outcomes were changes in the lung function parameters,inflammatory markers,oxidative stress markers,and postoperative pain *** The results showed that the incidence of PPCs was significantly lower in the sevoflurane group than in the propofol group(10%vs 25%,P=0.02).Furthermore,the decline in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s,forced vital capacity,and peak expiratory flow was significantly lesser in the sevoflurane group than in the propofol group at 24 h and 48 h after surgery(P<0.05).The interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,malondialdehyde,and 8-hydroxy-2α-deoxyguanosine levels were significantly lower in the sevoflurane group than in the propofol group at 24 h after surgery(P<0.05).The sevoflurane group showed significantly lower postoperative pain scores than the propofol group at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h after surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Sevoflurane protects the lung function of elderly COPD patients undergoing THA under general anesthesia by reducing the incidence of PPCs,attenuating inflammatory and oxidative stress responses,and alleviating postoperative pain.

关键词： Sevoflurane Propofol Lung function Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Total hip arthroplasty Elderly patients Inflammatory markers

Colonic tubular duplication combined with congenital megacolon:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第34期10卷 12768-12774页

作者： zhe-ming zhang Shuai Kong Xin-Xin Gao Xiang-Hao Jia Chun-Ning zheng School of Clinical Medicine Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colonic duplication refers to a spherical or tubular cavity which shows similar properties with the native colon and is attached to the mesenteric side of the alimentary *** is the rarest in alimentary tract *** upon anatomic feature,colonic duplications can be classified as spherical(cystic)or tubular,with the latter being less common(approximately 20%).Symptoms of colonic duplication are dependent on the duplication site and extent,and patient age,***,patients with colonic duplication manifest typical intestinal obstruction,potentially accompanied by recurrent dark or bright red bloody stool,varying degrees of anemia-related symptoms,and body *** SUMMARY A young male patient was admitted to our hospital due to recurrent abdominal *** definite diagnosis was achieved by computed tomography(CT)or electronic colonoscopy,and the bowel preparation efficacy was *** disease was suspected,and thus laparoscopic exploration was *** approximately 60-cm-long inverted duplicated colon with severe edema and dilation was *** originated from the mesenteric side of the transverse colon and ended in the terminal part of the descending colon with a blind *** parallel native colon had a thickened colonic wall,became stiff,and was poor in *** patient then underwent subtotal colectomy and was discharged 7 d after the *** 3 mo post-surgery to date,the patient had regular bowel movement once daily and a steady increase in body *** Tubular colonic duplication is a rare type of alimentary tract duplication that can be detected by ultrasonography,CT,or magnetic resonance imaging based on the actual clinical *** resection of aberrant colon(including the duplicated colonic segment and other potentially involved colonic segments)is the only approach to cure this medical condition.

关键词： Colonic duplication Chronic constipation Subtotal colectomy Congenital megacolon Case report

O-METHYLLAUREOLOL FROM SKIMMIA LAUREOLA

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1995年第10期6卷 873-874页

作者： Hong Jie zhang Xin Feng GAO ming zhe zhang(Department of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871) (Bruker Instruments Ltd.,Beijing) Beijing Univ Dept Chem Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

A new triterpene alcohol was isolated and identified by spectral analyses from Skimmia laureola ssp. multinervia which was collected from Yunnan province of China and named O-methyllaureolol.

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Manufacturing task data chain-driven production logistics trajectory analysis and optimization decision making method

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 185-206页

作者： Lin Ling zhe-ming Song Xi zhang Peng-Zhou Cao Xiao-Qiao Wang Cong-Hu Liu ming-Zhou Liu School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009People’s Republic of China Guobo Electronics Co.Ltd. Nanjing211111People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou234000AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Sino-US Global Logistics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030People’s Republic of China

Production logistics(PL)is considered as a critical factor that affects the efficiency and cost of production operations in discrete manufacturing *** effectively utilize manufacturing big data to improve PL efficiency and promote job shop floor economic benefits,this study proposes a PL trajectory analysis and optimization decision making method driven by a manufacturing task data chain(MTDC).First,the manufacturing task chain(MTC)is defined to characterize the discrete production process of a *** handle manufacturing big data,the MTC data paradigm is designed,and the MTDC is ***,the logistics trajectory model is presented,where the various types of logistics trajectories are extracted using the MTC as the search engine for the *** on this,a logistics efficiency evaluation indicator system is proposed to support the optimization decision making for the ***,a case study is applied to verify the proposed method,and the method determines the PL optimization decisions for PL efficiency without changing the layout and workshop equipment,which can assist managers in implementing the optimization decisions.

关键词： Production logistics(PL) Logistics trajectory analysis Logistics optimization Data driven Manufacturing task data chain(MTDC)

A lethal mice model of recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses for EBOV-targeting prophylactic vaccines evaluation

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 516-519页

作者： Hong-Qing zhang zhe-Rui zhang Cheng-Lin Deng Zhi-ming Yuan Bo zhang Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan430200China

Dear editor,Ebola virus(EBOV)is a member of the genus Orthoebolavirus within the family of ***'s the causative agent of Ebola virus disease(EVD),characterized by general malaise,severe gastrointestinal illness,febrile,coagulopathy,multi-organs dysfunction,and high mortality(up to 90%)in humans and nonhuman primates(NHPs)(Jacob et al.,2020).Since its discovery in 1976,EBOV has grabbed the global concerns,especially after the West African epidemic from 2014 to 2016,which resulted in 30,000 cases and over 11,000 deaths(Feldmann et al.,2020;Jacob et al.,2020).From 2018 to 2022,there have been thousands of infections primarily in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC),resulting in over 2000 *** highlights the importance of continued attention and ongoing surveillance(***/emergenci es/disease-outbreak-news).

关键词： organs mortality editor