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科技纵览 2024年第1期 24-27页

作者： Eliza strickland 不详

媒体组织利用数字清单,防止深度伪造和虚假信息。2023年4月,一则竞选广告出现在美国共和党全国委员会的You Tube频道,广告显示了一系列画面:庆祝连任L的美国总统拜登,在美国城市街道上护窗紧闭的银行和防暴警察,以及从美墨边境涌入的移... 详细信息

媒体组织利用数字清单,防止深度伪造和虚假信息。2023年4月,一则竞选广告出现在美国共和党全国委员会的You Tube频道,广告显示了一系列画面:庆祝连任L的美国总统拜登,在美国城市街道上护窗紧闭的银行和防暴警察,以及从美墨边境涌入的移民。广告的文案这样写道:“人工智能生成的‘国家未来展望’:假如2024年拜登连任。”

关键词：竞选广告人工智能美国共和党防暴警察虚假信息未来展望

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中国美食,海外崛起

疯狂英语（新读写） 2024年第1期 14-16,74页

作者： Ashley strickland 不详

中国的许多美食在国外备受欢迎,这一现象不仅反映出了中国传统美食的独特风味,更反映出了中国文化的多样性和丰富性。

关键词：传统美食独特风味文化的多样性丰富性

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2024年人工智能现状

科技纵览 2024年第7期 8-9页

作者： Eliza strickland 不详

每年,人工智能指数都迎来更令人咋舌的数据,让人感到惊诉。2024年,502页的报告证明我们正处于人工智能蓬勃发展的时期。该报告由斯坦福大学以人为本人工智能研究所(HAI)于4月发布,涵盖了研发、技术性能、负责任的人工智能、经济、教育... 详细信息

每年,人工智能指数都迎来更令人咋舌的数据,让人感到惊诉。2024年,502页的报告证明我们正处于人工智能蓬勃发展的时期。该报告由斯坦福大学以人为本人工智能研究所(HAI)于4月发布,涵盖了研发、技术性能、负责任的人工智能、经济、教育、政策和监管、多样性和舆论等方面的趋势。在此,我们编制了4个图表来说明2024年人工智能的现状。

关键词：人工智能斯坦福大学以人为本多样性图表现状

腐殖质和生物肥料对植物发育和微生物活性的协同作用

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腐植酸 2022年第2期 16-29页

作者： Jose Franco Da Cunha Leme Filho Wade E.Thomason Gregory K.Evanylo Xunzhong Zhang michael S.strickland Bee K.Chim Andre A.Diatta 黄亚茹(译) 李冬梅(译) 袁红莉(译) 美国弗吉尼亚理工大学植物与环境科学学院布莱克斯堡24061 美国爱达荷大学土壤与水系统系莫斯科83843 美国农业部农业研究局中北部农业研究实验室布鲁金斯97415 中国农业大学生物学院北京100193

鉴于农业地区投入物的循环利用,农业生态系统和生态循环是开放的。不可再生资源从空气、水和土地中转化或迁移到农业生态系统中,并作为废物而非可再生、可循环利用的资源流出。当前的环境状况,正推动开发能够优化养分循环、最大限度地... 详细信息

鉴于农业地区投入物的循环利用,农业生态系统和生态循环是开放的。不可再生资源从空气、水和土地中转化或迁移到农业生态系统中,并作为废物而非可再生、可循环利用的资源流出。当前的环境状况,正推动开发能够优化养分循环、最大限度地减少外部投入物的使用并提高其使用效率的方法,一些源于小麦秸秆和生物肥料中的腐殖质产品可以作为堆肥茶和粪肥茶,以减少化学合成物质的使用。本文旨在加深我们对腐殖质与生物肥料联合使用的认识,同时阐述了每一种化合物的生物刺激作用。因此,本文提出了疑问:腐殖质和生物肥料的联合应用是否可以促进二者的协同作用并有可能提高药效?由于腐殖质和生物肥料对植物和微生物的促进效果是相互联系的,所以二者的效果可能会被混淆。例如,腐殖质促进的根伸长可能会增加菌根真菌的定殖。因此,本文被划分为3个部分:腐殖质和生物肥料对植物、真菌、细菌的影响。研究结果表明,腐殖质的来源和施用量对植物生长和微生物活性具有强烈影响,而腐殖质的作用效果也因微生物种类和植物的类型而不同。从本文中所涉及的文献的数据可以看出,联合使用腐殖质和生物肥料来刺激植物发育和微生物活性在农业系统中具有巨大前景。

关键词：生物刺激素腐植酸腐植酸盐植物生长堆肥茶粪肥茶

High energy femtosecond mid-infrared generation pumped by a two-color Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第5期53卷 664-670页

作者： Donna T. strickland Department of Physics Guelph-Waterloo Physics Institute University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

Intense mid-infrared was generated by direct frequency mixing two pulses from a dual-wavelength Ti:sapphire system. From a multipass amplifier we generated two tunable wavelength femtosecond pulses with a total energy of 15 mJ. Pulse energy of 1.6 μJ and 7.4 μJ of mid-infrared light is achieved with and without its multipass amplifier at 9-11 μm, with pulse duration of 500 fs.

关键词：兰宝石激光器红外激光远红外激光超速激光激光放大器

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五问乔伊·布兰维尼

科技纵览 2024年第1期 21-21页

作者： Eliza strickland

乔伊·布兰维尼(Joy Buolamwini)是人工智能研究员,身为黑人,她第一次引起轰动是因为一次TED演讲。她在演讲中表示,除非她戴上白色口罩,否则面部识别系统无法检测到她的脸。她也是算法正义联盟的创始人。布兰维尼的新书《揭开人工智能... 详细信息

乔伊·布兰维尼(Joy Buolamwini)是人工智能研究员,身为黑人,她第一次引起轰动是因为一次TED演讲。她在演讲中表示,除非她戴上白色口罩,否则面部识别系统无法检测到她的脸。她也是算法正义联盟的创始人。布兰维尼的新书《揭开人工智能的神秘面纱:我在机器世界中保护人类的使命》(Unmasking Al:My Mission to Preserve What is Human in a World of Machines)提醒工程师们,默认设置不是中立的,便捷的数据集可能充斥着道德和法律问题,基准也并非总是评估正确的事。

关键词：人工智能默认设置面部识别系统工程师们维尼布兰 World

Regulation of macrophage activation in the liver after acute injury: Role of the fibrinolytic system

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1879-1887页

作者： Katherine Roth Jenna strickland Bryan L Copple Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute for Integrative ToxicologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824United States

The liver functions,in part,to prevent exposure of the body to potentially harmful substances ingested in the *** it is highly efficient at accomplishing this,it is frequently prone to liver injury due to the biotransformation of xenobiotics into toxic *** counter this injury,the liver has evolved a unique capacity to rapidly and efficiently repair *** resolution of acute liver injury relies on hepatic macrophage populations that orchestrate the reparative *** injury,Kupffer cells,the resident macrophages of the liver,become activated and secrete proinflammatory *** cytokines recruit other immune cells,including monocyte-derived macrophages,to the liver where they contribute to the repair ***-derived macrophages traffic into the necrotic foci where they rapidly phagocytose dead cell *** with this process,these cells change phenotype from a proinflammatory macrophage to a prorestorative macrophage that produce pro-mitogenic growth factors and antiinflammatory *** this process triggers resolution of inflammation,and along with proliferation of other hepatic cells,restores the liver architecture and *** the mechanisms regulating specific macrophage functions during repair remain to be elucidated,recent studies indicate a key role for the fibrinolytic system in coordinating macrophage function during *** this review,we will highlight the function and role of hepatic macrophages in repair after acute liver injury,and will discuss the role of the fibrinolytic enzyme,plasmin,in regulation of these various processes.

关键词： Macrophage Plasmin Acetaminophen Liver injury Liver repair

Perspectives of breast cancer etiology: synergistic interaction between smoking and exogenous hormone use

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第7期30卷 433-441页

作者： Hong-Hong Zhu Cao-Hui Hu Paul strickland Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA Division of Epidemiology Department of Community Health Saint Louis University School of Public Health St Louis MO 63104 USA Department of Endocrinology Quzhou People's First Hospital Quzhou Zhejiang 324000 P. R. China Department of Environmental Health Sciences Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD 21205 USA.

To explore breast cancer etiology, literature was searched using Medline. We explored the (1) plausibility of smoking in breast carcinogenesis; (2) physiological properties, susceptibility windows, and exposure timing of breast cells; (3) role of exogenous hormones in breast carcinogenesis; (4) biological mechanism of synergistic interactions between smoking and exogenous hormones in breast carcinogenesis; and (5) evidence from epidemiologic studies and the fitted secular trend between smoking rate, exogenous hormone use, and breast cancer incidence in past decades. We deduced that exogenous hormone use per se is not a significant cause and its association with breast cancer is distorted by chronic exposure to environmental carcinogens, especially smoking. We hypothesize that smoking is one of the causes of breast cancer and that this causality is strengthened by synergistic interaction between smoking and exogenous hormone use. Physicians should be cautious of prescribing exogenous hormones for those with chronic exposure to environmental carcinogens to prevent breast cancer.

关键词：外源激素协同作用乳腺癌吸烟率病因 Windows 致癌物质致癌作用

Reduced Annealing Time and Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effect of La(Fe,Al)13 Alloy by La-nonstoichiometry and Si-doping

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第11期33卷 1535-1542页

作者： Liang Yang Jun Li Defang Tu Joel C.J.strickland Qiaodan Hu Hongbiao Dong Jianguo Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Engineering University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

LaFe13-x Mx(M=Si,Al)alloys are promising for use in magnetic ***,they require long annealing time(30 days)in order to optimize the magnetocaloric *** has shown that the addition of extra La in off-stoichiometric alloys can greatly shorten the annealing ***,the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the extra addition of La on the annealing properties of a new off-stoichiometric La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix(x=0,0.1,0.4)*** was demonstrated that after a 36 h annealing time,a large volume fraction of 1:13 magnetocaloric phase was obtained for all *** microstructural analysis of the off-stoichiometric La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix alloys revealed a facet-like grain *** La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4 and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 alloys were shown to contain large 1:13 phase precipitates separated in a La-rich matrix,while the La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 alloy had a continuous 1:13 phase matrix with a fine dispersion of La-rich precipitates *** the magnetic field varied between 0 and 2 T,the corresponding magnetic entropy change and relative cooling capacity for the La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 specimen were determined as 4.58 J/kg K and 173.6 J/kg,*** importantly,the La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 alloy displayed only a slight volume change when the meta-magnetic phase transition occurred,which is promising for cyclic use.

关键词： Solidifi cation Magnetic properties Heat treatment Microstructure Functional alloys