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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第1期8卷 37-53页

作者： melissa Bersanelli Sebastiano Buti Medical Oncology Unit University Hospital of Parma

After that the era of chemotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors have been overcome by the "translational era", with the innovation introduced by targeted therapies, medical oncology is currently looking at the dawn of a new "immunotherapy era" with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors(CKI) *** onset of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted therapy has demonstrated the importance of this axis in the immune escape across almost all human *** new CKI allowed to significantly prolong survival and to generate durable response, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in a wide range of cancer *** aim of this article is to review the most up to date literature about the clinical effectiveness of CKI antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis for the treatment of advanced solid tumors and to explore transversal challenges in the immune checkpoint blockade.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitors PD-1 PD-L1 Checkpoint inhibitors Cancer treatment Immune checkpoint blockade Anti-PD-1 antibodies Anti-PD-L1 antibodies

Capsule endoscopy:Current practice and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7752-7759页

作者： melissa F Hale Reena Sidhu Mark E McAlindon Department of Gastroenterology Royal Hallamshire HospitalSheffield S10 2JFUnited Kingdom

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has transformed investigation of the small bowel providing a non-invasive, well tolerated means of accurately visualising the distal duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Since the introduction of small bowel CE thirteen years ago a high volume of literature on indications, diagnostic yields and safety profile has been presented. Inclusion in national and international guidelines has placed small bowel capsule endoscopy at the forefront of investigation into suspected diseases of the small bowel. Most commonly, small bowel CE is used in patients with suspected bleeding or to identify evidence of active Crohn’s disease (CD) (in patients with or without a prior history of CD). Typically, CE is undertaken after upper and lower gastrointestinal flexible endoscopy has failed to identify a diagnosis. Small bowel radiology or a patency capsule test should be considered prior to CE in those at high risk of strictures (such as patients known to have CD or presenting with obstructive symptoms) to reduce the risk of capsule retention. CE also has a role in patients with coeliac disease, suspected small bowel tumours and other small bowel disorders. Since the advent of small bowel CE, dedicated oesophageal and colon capsule endoscopes have expanded the fields of application to include the investigation of upper and lower gastrointestinal disorders. Oesophageal CE may be used to diagnose oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus and varices but reliability in identifying gastroduodenal pathology is unknown and it does not have biopsy capability. Colon CE provides an alternative to conventional colonoscopy for symptomatic patients, while a possible role in colorectal cancer screening is a fascinating prospect. Current research is already addressing the possibility of controlling capsule movement and developing capsules which allow tissue sampling and the administration of therapy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Small bowel Indications Technology Oesophageal Colon

Truffle-like fungi sporocarps in a eucalypt-dominated landscape: patterns in diversity and community structure

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 143-157页

作者： melissa Danks Teresa Lebel Karl Vernes Nigel Andrew Ecosystem Management University of New EnglandArmidaleNew South Wales 2351Australia National Herbarium of Victoria Royal Botanic Gardens MelbourneSouth YarraVictoria 3141Australia Centre for Behavioural and Physiological Ecology ZoologyUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNew South Wales 2351Australia

Truffle-like fungi are highly diverse yet poorly known in *** assess the species richness,biomass,and community assemblages of truffle-like fungi in different habitats we sampled sporocarps of truffle-like fungi in three eucalypt-dominated forest types(grassy woodland,wet sclerophyll forest,and dry sclerophyll forest)once in summer and once in winter,at two sites(Mount Kaputar and New England)in northern New South Wales,*** hundred and eighteen species in 35 genera were collected;over half(51.7%)of the species were *** woodland and wet forest communities had greater species richness and a lower standing crop than dry forest *** richness and standing crop was greater in winter than in ***,species from the family Russulaceae,and the genera Dermocybe,Descomyces,and Hysterangium were *** composition varied among forest types and each forest type exhibited a suite of unique and common species,although much variation was *** in community structure was associated with some habitat attributes;at Mount Kaputar,woody plant species richness,canopy cover,litter depth,soil phosphorous,and elevation helped explain the sporocarp communities of different forest types,while at New England,woody plant species richness,rainfall,topographic aspect,soil texture,and soil nitrogen helped explain *** work contributes to knowledge of trufflelike fungal diversity,the factors affecting sporocarp distribution across landscapes,and the availability of sporocarps as a food resource for mycophagous *** understanding of fungal diversity and mammal-fungal interactions also has important implications for managing forest biodiversity.

关键词： Basidiomycetes Biodiversity Forest ecology Fungal diversity Mycorrhizal fungi Sequestrate fungi

A Critical Review of Social Resilience Properties and Pathways in Disaster Management

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 790-804页

作者： A.M.Aslam Saja melissa Teo Ashantha Goonetilleke Abdul MZivath Faculty of Engineering.South Eastern University of Sri Lanka Oluvil 32360Sri Lanka Science and Engineering Faculty.Queensland University of Technology(QUT) Brisbane.Queensland 4001Australia Zedz Consultants Pty Ltd HillcrestQLD 4118Australia

Resilience as a concept is multi-faceted with complex *** a disaster context,there is lack of consistency in conceptualizing social *** results in ambiguity of its definition,properties,and pathways for assessment.A number of key research gaps exist for critically reviewing social resilience conceptualization,projecting resilience properties in a disaster-development continuum,and delineating a resilience trajectory in a multiple disaster *** review addressed these research gaps by critically reviewing social resilience definitions,properties,and *** review found four variations in social resilience definitions,which recognize the importance of abilities of social systems and processes in disaster phases at different levels.A review of resilience properties and pathways in the disaster resilience literature suggested new resilience properties—“risk-sensitivity”and“regenerative”in the timeline of two consecutive *** review highlights a causal pathway for social resilience to better understand the resilience status in a multi-shock scenario by depicting inherent and adaptive resilience for consecutive disaster scenarios and a historical case study for a resilience trajectory in a multiple disaster *** review findings will assist disaster management policymakers and practitioners to formulate appropriate resilience enhancement strategies within a holistic framework in a multi-disaster timeline.

关键词： Community resilience Disaster resilience Resilience assessment Resilience measurement Resilience properties

MicroRNA-502-3p regulates GABAergic synapse function in hippocampal neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2698-2707页

作者： Bhupender Sharma melissa MTorres Sheryl Rodriguez Laxman Gangwani Subodh Kumar Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience Department of Molecular and Translational MedicinePaul L.Foster School of MedicineTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA Bond Life Sciences Center and Department of Veterinary Pathobiology University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA L.Frederick Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTXUSA

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)ergic neurons,the most abundant inhibitory neurons in the human brain,have been found to be reduced in many neurological disorders,including Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related *** previous study identified the upregulation of microRNA-502-3p(miR-502-3p)and downregulation of GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 in Alzheimer's disease *** study investigated a new molecular relationship between miR-502-3p and GABAergic synapse *** vitro studies were perfo rmed using the mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 and miR-502-3p agomiRs and *** silico analysis identified multiple binding sites of miR-502-3p at GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 *** assay confirmed that miR-502-3p targets the GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 gene and suppresses the luciferase ***,quantitative reve rse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,miRNA in situ hybridization,immunoblotting,and immunostaining analysis confirmed that overexpression of miR-502-3p reduced the GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 level,while suppression of miR-502-3p increased the level of GABA type A receptor subunitα-1 ***,as a result of the overexpression of miR-502-3p,cell viability was found to be reduced,and the population of necrotic cells was found to be *** whole cell patch-clamp analysis of human-GABA receptor A-α1/β3/γ2L human embryonic kidney(HEK)recombinant cell line also showed that overexpression of miR-502-3p reduced the GABA current and overall GABA function,suggesting a negative correlation between miR-502-3p levels and GABAergic synapse ***,the levels of proteins associated with Alzheimer s disease were high with miR-502-3p overexpression and reduced with miR-502-3p *** present study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of regulation of GABAergic synapses by *** propose that micro-RNA,in particular miR-502-3p,could be a potential the

关键词： Alzheimer's disease GABAergic synapse gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunitα-1(GABRα1) microRNA-502-3p(miR-502-3p) miRNA in situ hybridization Patch-clamp

The Coherent-Constructible Correspondence and Fourier-Mukai Transforms

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第2期27卷 275-308页

作者： Bohan FANG Chiu-Chu melissa LIU David TREUMANN Eric ZASLOW Department of Mathematics Columbia University 2990 Broadway New York NY 10027 USA Department of Mathematics Northwestervt University 2033 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA

As evidence for his conjecture in birational log geometry, Kawamata constructed a family of derived equivalences between toric orbifolds. In a previous paper, the authors showed that the derived category of a toric orbifold is naturally identified with a category of polyhedrally-constructible sheaves on R^n. In this paper we investigate and reprove some of Kawamata＇s results from this perspective.

关键词： Toric orbifolds coherent sheaves constructible sheaves Fourier-Mukai transforms

Recovery of rare-earth metals from aqueous solutions by bio/adsorption using non-conventional materials:a review with recent studies and promising approaches in column applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第4期38卷 339-355页

作者： Talles Barcelos da Costa Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira University of Campinas School of Chemical EngineeringAlbert Einstein Avenue50013083e852 CampinasBrazil

The recovery of rare-earth metals(REMs)is of great economic and environmental interest,because of their high market prices and various industrial ***,with the increasing demand for high-purity rare-earth compounds,the separation and purification of these elements have gained considerable *** bio/adsorption process has been considered an alternative to recover these elements,by its simplicity,low cost and efficiency for recovery of REMs at low *** review article presents the recent progress regarding REM bio/adsorption published literature in batch system by different non-conventional bio/adsorbents,as well as a critical analysis of the technological challenges to be faced and future *** this purpose,the best application model(isotherm,kinetics),thermodynamic quantities and selection of eluents for desorption studies are also ***,in this review,the application of different bio/adsorbent materials were reviewed extensively in terms of the removal and recovery of REMs in continuous fixed-bed adsorption and regeneration ***,future aspects in bio/adsorption research and prospects for commercial applications were discussed.

关键词： Rare-earth metals Bio/adsorbents Adsorption kinetics Isotherm Batch desorption Continuous fixed-bed adsorption

Semistructured interviewing in primary care research:a balance of relationship and rigour

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2019年第2期7卷 30-37页

作者： melissa DeJonckheere Lisa M Vaughn Department of Family Medicine University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA Division of Emergency Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA

Semistructured in-depth interviews are commonly used in qualitative research and are the most frequent qualitative data source in health services *** method typically consists of a dialogue between researcher and participant,guided by a flexible interview protocol and supplemented by follow-up questions,probes and *** method allows the researcher to collect open-ended data,to explore participant thoughts,feelings and beliefs about a particular topic and to delve deeply into personal and sometimes sensitive *** purpose of this article was to identify and describe the essential skills to designing and conducting semistructured interviews in family medicine and primary care research *** reviewed the literature on semistructured interviewing to identify key skills and components for using this method in family medicine and primary care research ***,semistructured interviewing requires both a relational focus and practice in the skills of *** include:(1)determining the purpose and scope of the study;(2)identifying participants;(3)considering ethical issues;(4)planning logistical aspects;(5)developing the interview guide;(6)establishing trust and rapport;(7)conducting the interview;(8)memoing and reflection;(9)analysing the data;(10)demonstrating the trustworthiness of the research;and(11)presenting findings in a paper or *** interviews provide an effective and feasible research method for family physicians to conduct in primary care research *** using semistructured interviews for data collection should take on a relational focus and consider the skills of interviewing to ensure *** interviewing can be a powerful tool for family physicians,primary care providers and other health services researchers to use to understand the thoughts,beliefs and experiences of *** the utility,semistructured interviews can be intimidating and challenging for

关键词： interview qualitative thoughts

Cascading costs:An economic nitrogen cycle

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第z2期48卷 678-696页

作者： William R.Moomaw melissa B.L.Birch Fletcher School Tufts University MedfordMA 02155USA

The chemical nitrogen cycle is becoming better characterized in terms of fluxes and reservoirs on a variety of scales. Galloway has demonstrated that reactive nitrogen can cascade through multiple ecosystems causing environmental damage at each stage before being denitrified to N2. We propose to construct a parallel economic nitrogen cascade (ENC) in which economic impacts of nitrogen fluxes can be estimated by the costs associated with each stage of the chemical cascade. Using economic data for the benefits of damage avoided and costs of mitigation in the Chesapeake Bay basin, we have constructed an economic nitrogen cascade for the region. Since a single tonne of nitrogen can cascade through the system, the costs also cascade. Therefore evaluating the benefits of mitigating a tonne of reactive nitrogen released needs to consider the damage avoided in all of the ecosystems through which that tonne would cascade. The analysis reveals that it is most cost effective to remove a tonne of nitrogen coming from combustion since it has the greatest impact on human health and creates cascading damage through the atmospheric, terrestrial, aquatic and coastal ecosystems. We will discuss the implications of this analysis for determining the most cost effective policy option for achieving environmental quality goals.

关键词： cascading costs, chemical nitrogen cascade, economic nitrogen cascade, mitigation costs, damage costs,economic nitrogen cycle.

Diagnosis of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas using endoscopic ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第1期5卷 72-74,I0003页

作者： Amir Kashani melissa Kahn Laith H.Jamil Division of Gastroenterology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUSA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUSA

Primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the pancreas is a particularly rare *** of this tumor is tentatively made after ruling out metastatic SCC from another primary site and adenosquamous carcinoma(ASC)of the *** we discuss the case of a 76-year-old woman who was found to have a solitary pancreatic lesion and multiple hepatic *** of computed tomography-guided biopsy of the liver lesions were consistent with a metastatic carcinoma displaying squamous differentiation;therefore,an endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided core-needle biopsy(CNB)of the pancreatic mass was *** histopathological examination of the pancreatic specimen at multiple levels revealed moderately well-differentiated SCC with no glandular *** extensive metastatic work-up did not reveal an extra-pancreatic origin for this SCC;hence,a diagnosis of primary SCC of the pancreas was *** our knowledge,this is the first report of the diagnosis of a primary SCC of the pancreas using EUS-guided *** believe that CNB has a diagnostic yield equivalent to that of fine-needle aspiration for recognizing pancreatic adenocarcinoma;however,when cytological examinations reveal atypical squamous epithelial cells suggestive of malignancy,CNB may provide a better tissue specimen,from which to determine the presence of a glandular *** an assessment will differentiate pancreatic SCC from ASC.

关键词： squamous cell carcinoma pancreatic neoplasms endoscopic ultrasonography core needle biopsy