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Application of a distributed verification in Islamic microfinance institutions:a sustainable model

Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 2196-2207页

作者： Peter Wanke M.Kabir Hassan md.abul kalam azad md.Azizur Rahman Naznin Akther COPPEAD Graduate Business School Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRua Paschoal Lemme355Rio de Janeiro 21949-900Brazil Department of Economics and Finance University of New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70148USA Department of Business and Technology Management Islamic University of TechnologyGazipur 1704Bangladesh Department of Business Administration Faculty of Business&EntrepreneurshipDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh

The literature gap in microfinance paradox of double bottom line(financial performance ***)has always been an interesting area of *** paper proposes a theoretical model most suitable for Islamic Microfinance Institutions(MFIs)which enables Islamic MFIs’to operate together with the existing financial models compliant with Islamic Shariah *** model is based on a distributed verification/decision-making process that might be realized(but not necessary)through *** the available distributed verification techniques,blockchain technology is an attractive emerging computing paradigm due to its decentralized,immutable,shared,and secure data structure *** model proposes three significant ***,sharing information through blockchain will allow a transparent network in MFI operations,which will raise confidence for donors resulting in a causal effect of a relatively lower profit rate to be charged by the ***,the consensus mechanism will enable risk-sharing,a character of Islamic finance;thus,the MFIs will operate without any collateral for low-risk ***,the double bottom line of MFIs’long-lasting paradox would be *** for practical implication of this proposed model,the causal impact of lower cost investment by the lenders would increase social welfare because of no collateral and no initial wealth *** proposed model proposes a credit rationing approach where profit can be *** collateral will be used when calculating the creditworthiness of a borrower.

关键词： Blockchain Islamic microfinance Double bottom line Distributed verification

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Dietary bile acid supplementation in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation improves colonic microbiota,metabolic activity,and epithelial function

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2578-2595页

作者： Yang Liu mdabul kalam azad Sujuan Ding Qian Zhu Francois Blachier Zugong Yu Haijun Gao Xiangfeng Kong Key Laboratory of Agro‑Ecological Process in Subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina. College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China. Universite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTech INRAEUMR PNCA75005ParisFrance. College of Medicine Howard UniversityWashingtonDC 20059USA.

Background Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)is one of the major constraints in animal *** previ-ous study showed that piglets with IUGR are associated with abnormal bile acid(BA)*** study explored whether dietary BA supplementation could improve growth performance and colonic development,function,micro-biota,and metabolites in the normal birth weight(NBW)and IUGR piglets.A total of 48 weaned piglets(24 IUGR and 24 NBW)were allocated to four groups(12 piglets per group):(i)NBW group,(ii)NBW+BA group,(iii)IUGR group,and(iv)IUGR+BA *** were collected after 28 days of *** The results showed that dietary BA supplementation increased the length and weight of the colon and colon weight to body weight ratio,while decreased the plasma diamine oxidase(DAO)concentration in the NBW pig-lets(P<0.05).Dietary BA supplementation to IUGR piglets decreased(P<0.05)the plasma concentrations of D-lactate and endotoxin and colonic DAO and endotoxin,suggesting a beneficial effect on epithelial ***,dietary BA supplementation to NBW and IUGR piglets increased Firmicutes abundance and decreased Bacteroidetes abundance(P<0.05),whereas Lactobacillus was the dominant genus in the *** analysis revealed 65 and 51 differential metabolites in the colon of piglets fed a diet with/without BA,respectively,which was associated with the colonic function of IUGR ***,dietary BA supplementation to IUGR piglets upregulated the expressions of CAT,GPX,SOD,Nrf1,IL-2,and IFN-γin colonic mucosa(P<0.05).Conclusions Collectively,dietary BA supplementation could improve the colonic function of IUGR piglets,which was associated with increasing proportions of potentially beneficial bacteria and ***,BA shows a promising application prospect in improving the intestinal ecosystem and health of animals.

关键词： Bile acid Intrauterine growth retardation Metabolite Microbiota Piglet

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Genetically engineered organisms for bioremediation of pollutants in contaminated sites

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第8期59卷 703-714页

作者： md.abul kalam azad Latifah Amin Nik Marzuki Sidik Centre for General Studies Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Agricultural Extension Khamarbari Farmgate Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Environmental pollution is a major problem which affects biodiversity,public health and ecosystems *** issue cannot currently be solved using conventional technology because these treatments are expensive,ineffective and time *** methods focus unduly on the separation,rather than the destruction of *** use of genetically engineered organisms for bioremediation would be an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective alternative for the management and remediation of pollutants in contaminated *** types of genetically engineered microbes have been developed through recombinant DNA and RNA technologies,these have been utilized for the removal of heavy metals and toxic substances from contaminated *** plants can also mobilize or degrade chlorinated solvent,xenobiotic compounds,explosives and phenolic substances.A symbiotic relationship between genetic engineered microbes and transgenic plants can enhance the effectiveness of bioremediation of contaminated *** review examines recent developments in the use of genetically engineered microbes and transgenic plants for the bioremediation of contaminated *** review will also identify the environmental factors which influence bioremediation by genetically engineered microbes and transgenic plants as well as suggesting future directions for research in these areas.

关键词：生物修复污染场地转基因生物污染物基因工程微生物转基因植物 RNA技术生物多样性

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Development of small intestinal barrier function and underlying mechanism in Chinese indigenous and Duroc piglets during suckling and weaning periods

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 429-442页

作者： Sujuan Ding Yating Cheng md.abul kalam azad Qian Zhu Pan Huang Xiangfeng Kong CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

This study explored the developmental changes in small intestinal barrier function and the potential regulatory roles of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in different breeds of piglets during suckling and weaning *** black(TB),Xiangcun black(XB),and Duroc(DR)piglets(10 litters per breed;half male and half female)were selected for sampling to evaluate the intestinal barrier-related indexes and intestinal microbiota and metabolites at 1,10,21(weaned),and 24(3 d after weaning)d *** results showed that weaning led to severe shedding of small intestinal microvilli and sparse microvilli arrangement.D-lactate level in the ileum of TB and XB piglets during suckling and weaning periods was lower(P<0.01)than that of DR piglets,as well as the ileal diamine oxidase level at 1 d *** expression level of mucin 1 was higher(P<0.05)in the ileum of TB and XB piglets than that of DR piglets,and it was the highest in the ileum of TB piglets at 21 d *** expression levels of mucin 2 and mucin 13 were higher(P<0.10)in TB and XB piglets than those of DR piglets at 21 d old,whereas mucin2 and mucin 13 in the ileum of TB and XB piglets were higher(P<0.05)than those of DR piglets at 24 d *** and XB piglets had a lower relative abundance of Escherichia_Shigella at 21 and 24 d old,but they had higher Streptococcus at 1 and 24 d old than DR piglets(P<0.01).Differential metabolites between the three breeds of piglets were mainly related to oxidative phosphorylation,steroid biosynthesis,and bile acid ***,these findings suggest that different pig breeds present differences in the development of the small intestinal barrier *** with DR piglets,TB and XB piglets had higher intestinal permeability during the suckling period and a stronger intestinal mechanical barrier after ***,intestinal microbiota and metabolites are the key factors for developing small intestinal barrier functions in different breeds of piglets.

关键词： Chinese indigenous piglet Duroc piglet Immune function Intestinal barrier function Weaning stress

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The closed form solutions of simplified MCH equation and third extended fifth order nonlinear equation

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Propulsion and Power Research 2019年第2期8卷 163-172页

作者： A.K.M.Kazi Sazzad Hossain M.Ali Akbar md.abul kalam azad Department of Mathematics Begum Rokeya UniversityRangpur 5400Bangladesh Department of Applied Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi 6200Bangladesh

The investigation of closed form solutions for nonlinear evolution equations(NLEEs)is being an attractive subject in the different branches of mathematical and physical *** this article,the enhanced(G'=G)-expansion method has been applied to find the closed form solutions for NLEEs,such as the simplified MCH equation and third extended fifth order nonlinear equations which are very important in mathematical *** closed form solutions with arbitrary parameters are successfully obtained by this method which are expressed in terms of hyperbolic and trigonometric *** is shown that the obtained solutions are more general and fresh and can be helpful to analyze the NLEES in mathematical physics and engineering problems.

关键词： The enhanced(G'/G)-expansion method Simplified MCH equation Third extended fifth order nonlinear equation Nonlinear evolution equation(NLEEs) Closed form wave solutions

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Early and Sensitive Detection of Pathogens for Public Health and Biosafety:An Example of Surveillance and Genotyping of SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Water by Cas12a-Facilitated Portable Plasmonic Biosensor

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 259-272页

作者： Tianzhong Li Yuzhi Chen Zhi Chen Yuan Hao Minyi Liang Yingxia Liu Guanyong Ou Huanian Zhang Yuxuan Tang Yabing Hao Swelm Wageh Omar AAl-Hartomy abul kalam Bin Zhang Xin Shi Xuejin Li Han Zhang College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Institute of Translational MedicineDepartment of OtolaryngologyShenzhen Second People's HospitalFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityHealth Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology Shenzhen 518060China The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Qingyuan People's HospitalQingyuan 511518China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseState Key Discipline of Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People's HospitalSecond Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518112China School of Medicine Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049China Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science(RCAMS) King Khalid UniversityP.0.Box 9004Abha 61413Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.0.Box9004Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia Health Sciences Institute China Medical UniversityShenyang 110000China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518060China

Infectious diseases severely threaten public health and global *** addition to transmission through the air,pathogenic microorganisms have also been detected in environmental liquid samples,such as sewage *** biochemical detection methodologies are time-consuming and cost-ineffective,and their detection limits hinder early *** the present study,ultrafine plasmonic fiber probes with a diameter of 125μm are fabricated for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR/Cas)-12a-mediated sensing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Single-stranded DNA exposed on the fiber surface is trans-cleaved by the Cas12a enzyme to release gold nanoparticles that are immobilized onto the fiber surface,causing a sharp reduction in the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)*** proposed fiber probe is virus-specific with the limit of detection of~2,300 copies/ml,and genomic copy numbers can be reflected as shifts in wavelengths.A total of 21 sewage water samples have been examined,and the data obtained are consistent with those of quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).In addition,the Omicron variant and its mutation sites have been fast detected using S gene-specific *** study provides an accurate and convenient approach for the real-time surveillance of microbial contamination in sewage water.

关键词： fiber consuming hinder

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Religiosity and bank earnings management:Revisiting international evidence

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2023年第2期16卷 118-137页

作者： Tanzina Akhter abul kalam azad Department of Marketing University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Business and Technology Management Islamic University of TechnologyBoard BazarGazipur 1704Bangladesh

The modernization theory forecasts a sharp declining effect of institutionalized religion on human behavior owing to the extensive economic ***,this prediction is rejected and proved that religious values and beliefs have a pervasive influence on individual *** on this salient evidence,we examine the influence of religious social norms on bank earnings management behavior with regard to ongoing economic *** use 20,715 bank-year observations from 1318 listed banks of eight geographical ***,further,employ an updated dataset of 2007-2021 to resemble the economic prosperity time *** study discards the prediction of the modernization theory and reveals that banks located in countries with high religiosity are less likely to manage their reported *** comparing conventional banks with Islamic ones,conventional banks are found to be less prone to the earnings management practice than that of their Islamic *** also find religiosity to have a greater magnitude of effect on the accounting manipulation in the crisis period than in the post-crisis *** cross-regional differences in religious values bring differential effects on this unethical *** results are robust with the alternative measures of earnings management and alternative model specifications.

关键词： Religiosity Earnings management Economic development Banking

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Adaptation Strategy with Climate Induced Salinity Disaster in the Coastal Area of Bangladesh

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 284-306页

作者： md. Oliur Rahman abul kalam Mohammed azad Rahman Office of The Deputy Commissioner Gaibandha Bangladesh UNDP Dhaka Bangladesh

This study examined explanatory responses to saline-water intrusion in the coastal areas of Bangladesh which are renowned for providing ecological and livelihood services. The goal of this study is to look at the different adaption strategies which coastal people have been using to deal with the growing salty water incursion. To this end, the researchers conducted a survey on 100 (one hundred) coastal people (Female 37% & Male 63%) chosen at a random basis from two unions (the lowest tier of local government) namely Perikhali union of Rampal upazila under Bagerhat district and Banishanta union of Dacope upazila under Khulna District at the southwest coast of Bangladesh. Agriculture (30%) and fisheries (27%) were the main livelihoods of the respondents. While looking at their existing problems due to salinity, it is seen that around 65% people are to move 3 - 5 (three to five) kilometres to get water access, low yield from agriculture (47%) and conversion of agricultural land (25%), acute crisis of grazing land (50%), damaged housing of cattle (30%) and fisheries (92%) are being affected due to salinity. Along with the impact, locals also have adaptation like seasonal water storage (31%), desalination (30%) and rainwater harvesting (26%) for water related impact. For agriculture, farmers are rotating crops (32%), cultivating saline tolerant varieties and others have switched from rice cultivation to other crops (30%) and cultivating saline tolerant variety (32%). In livestock, farmers are using better management practices (39%) followed by complete shift of livestock rearing (20%) to other businesses. Shifting from freshwater fish to marine water fish and crab/prawn cultivation (38%) found the most adaptation practices by the communities. For long term resilience to salinity induced disaster, collection of safe water (93%), quality seed (57%), disease control (47%) in livestock and quality hatchlings are the main barriers identified by the communities. For strengthen

关键词： Adaptation Climate Change Salinity

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Intrauterine growth retardation affects liver bile acid metabolism in growing pigs:effects associated with the changes of colonic bile acid derivatives

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 711-728页

作者： Yang Liu mdabul kalam azad Wanghong Zhang Liang Xiong Francois Blachier Zugong Yu Xiangfeng Kong Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro‑Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina UMR PNCA Universite Paris-SaclayINRAE75005 AgroParisTechParisFrance.

Background:Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)is associated with severely impaired nutrient metabolism and intestinal development of *** previous study found that IUGR altered intestinal microbiota and metabolites in the ***,the consequences of IUGR on bile acid metabolism in pigs remained *** present study aimed to investigate the bile acid metabolism in the liver and the profile of bile acid derivatives in the colon of grow-ing pigs with IUGR using bile acid targeted ***,we determined correlations between colonic microbiota composition and metabolites of IUGR and normal birth weight(NBW)pigs at different growth stages that were 7,21,and 28-day-old,and the average body weight(BW)of 25,50,and 100 kg of the NBW ***:The results showed that the plasma total bile acid concentration was higher(P<0.05)at the 25 kg BW stage and tended to increase(P=0.08)at 28-day-old in IUGR *** hepatic gene expressions related to bile acid synthe-sis(CYP7A1,CYP27A1,and NTCP)were up-regulated(P<0.05),and the genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism(ATGL,HSL,and PC)were down-regulated(P<0.05)at the 25 kg BW stage in IUGR pigs when compared with the NBW *** metabolomics analysis showed that 29 bile acids and related compounds were detected in the colon of *** colonic concentrations of dehydrolithocholic acid and apocholic acid were increased(P<0.05),while isodeoxycholic acid and 6,7-diketolithocholic acid were decreased(P<0.05)in IUGR pigs,when compared with the NBW pigs at the 25 kg BW ***,Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that colonic Unclassified_[Mogi-bacteriaceae],Lachnospira,and Slackia abundances were negatively correlated(P<0.05)with dehydrolithocholic acid,as well as the Unclassified_Clostridiaceae abundance with 6,7-diketolithocholic acid at the 25 kg BW ***:These findings suggest that IUGR could affect bile acid and glucolipid metabolism in growing pigs,especially at th

关键词： Bile acid metabolism Glucolipid metabolism Intestinal microbiota Intrauterine growth retardation Pigs

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Design and Optimization of Photonic Crystal Fiber for Liquid Sensing Applications

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Photonic Sensors 2016年第3期6卷 279-288页

作者： md. Faizul Huq ARIF Kawsar AHMED Sayed ASADUZZAMAN md. abul kalam azad Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Mawlana Bhashani Science and TechnologyUniversity (MBSTU) Tangail-1902 Bangladesh Department of Material and Metallurgical Engineering (MME) Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity (BUET) Dkaka-l O00 Bangladesh

This paper proposes a hexagonal photonic crystal fiber （H-PCF） structure with high relative sensitivity for liquid sensing; in which both core and cladding are microstructures. Numerical investigation is carried out by employing the full vectorial finite element method （FEM）. The analysis has been done in four stages of the proposed structure. The investigation shows that the proposed structure achieves higher relative sensitivity by increasing the diameter of the innermost ring air holes in the cladding. Moreover, placing a single channel instead of using a group of tiny channels increases the relative sensitivity effectively. Investigating the effects of different parameters, the optimized structure shows significantly higher relative sensitivity with a low confinement loss.

关键词： Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) liquid sensor microstructure core sensitivity confinement loss

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