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Objectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of gemifloxacin for the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) or acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis(AECB). Methods:We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing gemifloxacin with other approved *** ***,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched,with no language restrictions. Results:10 RCTs,comparing gemifloxacin with other quinolones(in 5 RCTs) andβ-lactams and/or macrolides(in 5 RCTs),involving 3940 patients,were included in the ***,the treatment success was higher for gemifloxacin when compared with other antibiotics(odds ratio 1.39, 95%confidence interval 1.15-1.68 in intention-to-treat patients,and 1.33,1.02-1.73 in clinically evaluable patients).There was no difference between the compared antibiotics regarding microbiological success (1.19,0.84-1.68) or all-cause mortality(0.82,0.41-1.63).The total drug related adverse events were similar for gemifloxacin when compared with other quinolones(0.89,0.56-1.41),while lower when compared withβ-lactams and/or macrolides(0.71,0.57-0.89).In subgroup analyses,administration of gemifloxacin was associated with fewer cases of diarrhoea and more rashes compared with other antibiotics(0.66,0.48-0.91,and 2.36,1.18-4.74,respectively). Conclusions:The available evidence suggests that gemifloxacin 320 mg oral daily is equivalent or superior to other approved antibiotics in effectiveness and safety for CAP and *** development of rash and the lack of intravenous formulations represent potential limitations of gemifloxacin.

关键词： gemifloxacin quinolones β-lactams macrolides effectiveness safety

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新数学发现新粒子?

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环球科学 2019年第3期 50-55页

作者：马修·冯希佩尔(matthew von Hippel) 张勇(翻译) 丹麦尼尔斯·波尔国际学院中国科学院理论物理所

为了寻找粒子加速器中出现的新粒子和新现象,科学家正在发展新的数学工具。大型强子对撞机(LHC)是人类有史以来建造的最大机器。它汇集了100多个国家的资源,可以将质子加速到光速的99.999999%。

关键词：新粒子数学发现大型强子对撞机粒子加速器数学工具质子加速科学家光速

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FungalTraits:a user-friendly traits database of fungi and fungus-like stramenopiles

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第2期105卷 I0001-I0016页

作者： Sergei Põlme Kessy Abarenkov RHenrik Nilsson Björn D.Lindahl Karina Engelbrecht Clemmensen Havard Kauserud Nhu Nguyen Rasmus Kjøller Scott T.Bates Petr Baldrian Tobias Guldberg Frøslev Kristjan Adojaan Alfredo Vizzini Ave Suija Donald Pfister Hans-Otto Baral Helle Järv Hugo Madrid Jenni Nordén Jian-Kui Liu Julia Pawlowska Kadri Põldmaa Kadri Pärtel Kadri Runnel Karen Hansen Karl-Henrik Larsson Kevin David Hyde Marcelo Sandoval-Denis matthew E.Smith Merje Toome-Heller Nalin N.Wijayawardene Nelson Menolli Jr Nicole K.Reynolds Rein Drenkhan Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Tatiana B.Gibertoni Thomas Læssøe William Davis Yuri Tokarev Adriana Corrales Adriene Mayra Soares Ahto Agan Alexandre Reis Machado Andrés Argüelles-Moyao Andrew Detheridge Angelina de Meiras-Ottoni Annemieke Verbeken Arun Kumar Dutta Bao-Kai Cui C.K.Pradeep César Marín Daniel Stanton Daniyal Gohar Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Eveli Otsing Farzad Aslani Gareth W.Griffith Thorsten H.Lumbsch Hans-Peter Grossart Hossein Masigol Ina Timling Inga Hiiesalu Jane Oja John Y.Kupagme József Geml Julieta Alvarez-Manjarrez Kai Ilves Kaire Loit Kalev Adamson Kazuhide Nara Kati Küngas Keilor Rojas-Jimenez Krišs Bitenieks Laszlo Irinyi LászlóGNagy Liina Soonvald Li-Wei Zhou Lysett Wagner M.Catherine Aime MaarjaÖpik María Isabel Mujica Martin Metsoja Martin Ryberg Martti Vasar Masao Murata matthew PNelsen Michelle Cleary Milan C.Samarakoon Mingkwan Doilom Mohammad Bahram Niloufar Hagh-Doust Olesya Dulya Peter Johnston Petr Kohout Qian Chen Qing Tian Rajasree Nandi Rasekh Amiri Rekhani Hansika Perera Renata dos Santos Chikowski Renato L.Mendes-Alvarenga Roberto Garibay-Orijel Robin Gielen Rungtiwa Phookamsak Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Saleh Rahimlou Samantha C.Karunarathna Saowaluck Tibpromma Shawn P.Brown Siim-Kaarel Sepp Sunil Mundra Zhu-Hua Luo Tanay Bose Tanel Vahter Tarquin Netherway Teng Yang Tom May Torda Varga Wei Li Victor Rafael Matos Coimbra Virton Rodrigo Targino de Oliveira Vitor Xavier de Lima Vladimir S.Mikryukov Yongzhong Lu Yosuke Matsuda Yumiko Miyamoto Urm Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu14A Ravila50411 TartuEstonia Natural History Museum University of Tartu46 Vanemuise Str51003 TartuEstonia Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre Box 46140530 GothenburgSweden Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 701475007 UppsalaSweden Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 702675007 UppsalaSweden Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology(EvoGene) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloP.O.Box 1066BlindernNO-0316 OsloNorway University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 3190 Maile WaySt.John 102HonoluluHIUSA Department of Biology University of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 152100 CopenhagenØDenmark Purdue University Northwest WestvilleIN 46391USA Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of SciencesVidenska 108314220 Praha 4Czech Republic GLOBE Institute University of CopenhagenØster Farimagsgade 5KH7.2.321353 CopenhagenDenmark Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universitàdi TorinoViale Mattioli 2510125 TorinoItaly Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Farlow Library and Herbarium Harvard University22 Divinity AveCambridgeMA 02138USA Blaihofstr.42 72074 TübingenGermany SYNLAB Estonia Veerenni 53aTallinn 11313Estonia Escuela de Tecnología Médica Universidad Santo TomásLos Carreras 753OsornoChile Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática Universidad MayorCamino La Pirámide 5750HuechurabaSantiagoChile Norwegian Institute for Nature Research(NINA) Sognsveien 680855 OsloNorway School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Evolutionary Biology Faculty of BiologyBiological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of Warsawul.Zwirki i Wigury 10102-089 WarsawPoland Department of Botany Swedish Museum of

The cryptic lifestyle of most fungi necessitates molecular identification of the guild in environmental *** the past decades,rapid development and affordability of molecular tools have tremendously improved insights of the fungal diversity in all ecosystems and ***,in spite of the progress of molecular methods,knowledge about functional properties of the fungal taxa is vague and interpretation of environmental studies in an ecologically meaningful manner remains *** order to facilitate functional assignments and ecological interpretation of environmental studies we introduce a user friendly traits and character database FungalTraits operating at genus and species hypothesis *** the information from previous efforts such as FUNGuild and FunFun together with involvement of expert knowledge,we reannotated 10,210 and 151 fungal and Stramenopila genera,*** resulted in a stand-alone spreadsheet dataset covering 17 lifestyle related traits of fungal and Stramenopila genera,designed for rapid functional assignments of environmental *** order to assign the trait states to fungal species hypotheses,the scientific community of experts manually categorised and assigned available trait information to 697,413 fungal ITS *** the basis of those sequences we were able to summarise trait and host information into 92,623 fungal species hypotheses at 1%dissimilarity threshold.

关键词： Fungal traits Trophic modes Function Guild Bioinformatics High-throughput sequencing Community ecology

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肿瘤切除术后部分阴道缺损带蒂皮瓣修复临床效果观察

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中国美容整形外科杂志 2012年第5期23卷 I0003-I0003页

作者： Melissa A. Crosby matthew M. Hanasono Lei Feng Charles E. Butler 陶凯魏峰高景恒张晨美国德克萨斯州休斯顿德克萨斯M．D．安德森癌症大学整形外科与生物统计学科沈阳军区总医院整形外科《中国美容整形外科杂志》编辑部大连大学附属新华医院整形外科

背景与目的发生于结肠直肠、妇产科器官和泌尿系统恶性肿瘤，切除术后造成的部分阴道缺损常采用即时皮瓣修复。术后相关功能恢复情况尚无全面报道。本研究旨在分析部分阴道缺损带蒂皮瓣修复效果的影响因素。方法对于2000—2009年所在单... 详细信息

背景与目的发生于结肠直肠、妇产科器官和泌尿系统恶性肿瘤，切除术后造成的部分阴道缺损常采用即时皮瓣修复。术后相关功能恢复情况尚无全面报道。本研究旨在分析部分阴道缺损带蒂皮瓣修复效果的影响因素。方法对于2000—2009年所在单位进行的部分阴道缺损带蒂皮瓣修复患者进行回顾性分析，分析内容包括患者资料、治疗情况和术后结果。采用逻辑回归分析评价并发症的影响因素。结果本组研究共72例女性患者。平均随访时间32个月（1—93个月），最常见的病理诊断是腺癌（63％），89％的患者术前进行放疗，87％的患者术前进行化疗。大多数阴道缺损位于后侧（72％），采用垂直腹直肌肌皮瓣修复（87％）。8％的患者需要二次住院或二次手术。术前放疗组患者并发症发病率高于未放疗组（分别为66％和25％），后部缺损组并发症发病率高于前部缺损组（分别为66％和30％）。术前放疗患者发生并发症组放疗剂量明显超过无并发症组（P=0．014）。24例患者术后有正常的性功能，68％的患者可成功进行阴茎．阴道性交。结论部分阴道缺损即时带蒂皮瓣修复术后，小并发症的发病率较高。术前放疗增加并发症的发生率。术前可以进行性生活者多数术后也可以完成。对于盆腔肿瘤切除手术患者，采用即时带蒂皮瓣修复是良好的选择，但是对于相关的危险因素和功能性效果需要有所考虑。

关键词：泌尿系统恶性肿瘤带蒂皮瓣修复切除术后缺损阴道临床效果患者资料术前放疗

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虚拟现实技术在绿色基础设施健康效益评估中的应用

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风景园林 2020年第9期27卷 35-49页

作者： [美]马修·布朗宁 [泰]彭瑟刚·萨布卡特派桑姜珊 [美]安贾利·约瑟夫翁羽西(译) 袁帅(译) 克莱姆森大学虚拟现实和自然中心清迈大学农业学院景观设计与环境管理工作室西弗吉尼亚大学戴维斯农业、自然资源与设计学院设计与社区发展系克莱姆森大学医疗设施设计和测试中心福建农林大学克莱姆森大学

快速的城市化进程在不经意间将人类与自然环境割裂开来。因此所带来的日益严重的城市污染和人们进行户外活动的局限性,对人的身心健康和认知都产生了影响。城市规划师可以通过绿色基础设施营建来降低城市化带来的负面影响,如自然式公园... 详细信息

快速的城市化进程在不经意间将人类与自然环境割裂开来。因此所带来的日益严重的城市污染和人们进行户外活动的局限性,对人的身心健康和认知都产生了影响。城市规划师可以通过绿色基础设施营建来降低城市化带来的负面影响,如自然式公园、生态滤沟、植物墙和行道树等。然而,哪些绿色基础设施要素能否用于改善人们的健康福祉仍不十分明确。研究人员在绿色基础设施健康效益研究中引入虚拟现实技术(VR),为循证设计提供科学可靠的依据。VR技术仅需要较低的成本和专业技术。受试者佩戴仪器进入沉浸式虚拟世界,过程中同步采集心理和生理指标,用于预测不同自然场景对健康和认知功能的长期影响。通过对VR系统、内容创作、实验设计、健康指标测量和安全注意事项的方法论进行概述,使读者了解VR技术如何用于研究,并作为一种替代治疗的手段,用于改善绿色基础设施的健康福祉,为VR技术的研究应用提供理论与实践基础。

关键词：风景园林绿色空间建成环境仿真模拟公共健康环境心理学沉浸式虚拟环境实验研究

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