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Laboratory Handling of Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) Schmidt and the Effect of Control Efforts on Viability

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第8期6卷 508-516页

作者： Jorge Parodi Pamela Olivares Viviana Chavez matías peredo-parada Laboratorio Fisiología de la Reproducción Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria Núcleo de Investigaciónen Producción Alimentaria Facultad de Recursos Naturales Universidad Católica de Temuco Temuco Chile Laboratorio de Investigación y Educación Tonalli Ltda Temuco Chile Departamento de Ingenieríaen Obras Civiles Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile Plataforma de Investigaciónen Ecohidrología y Ecohidráulica EcoHyd Ltda Santiago Chile

Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) Schmidt is a type of diatom that exists in Chile as an introduced species, invading the country and its rivers. We collected samples of D. geminata from two sampling points in Chile, assessing their viability and response to control agents. Fresh D. geminata showed more than 90% of viable granular forms (containing granules in their cytoplasm);however, the dry form presents near 50% viability. By creating dry D. geminata through exposure to 38°C temperatures for 7 days, viability values of the granular form decreased to 20%. D. geminata kept at room temperature for more than 4 weeks reported values of granular forms at 50%, while samples that were refrigerated at 4°C maintained values of granular forms at 90% for 4 weeks. Previous studies suggest that high salt concentration affects the viability of D. geminata. When taking wet D. geminata samples and exposing them to a solution of 10% NaCl for 10 minutes, we observed no differences compared to the control samples, finding granular forms at 90%. When the D. geminata was exposed to a 5% soap solution, reductions of over 90% of the granular forms were observed. Our results suggest that the viability of D. geminata is associated with the granular content within their cytoplasm, and that it is possible to alter laboratory conditions for their study. These early studies are important in order to better manipulate the model in the laboratory, allowing us to obtain new evidence regarding the microalgae’s biology through in vitro studies.

关键词： Plague Viability Laboratory Didymo

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Tough and tunable adhesion of hydrogels:experiments and models

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第3期33卷 543-554页

作者： Teng Zhang Hyunwoo Yuk Shaoting Lin German A.parada Xuanhe Zhao Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Syracuse University Soft Active materials Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology

As polymer networks infiltrated with water, hydrogels are major constituents of animal and plant bodies and have diverse engineering applications. While natural hydrogels can robustly adhere to other biological materials, such as bonding of tendons and cartilage on bones and adhesive plaques of mussels, it is challenging to achieve such tough adhesions between synthetic hydrogels and engineering materials. Recent experiments show that chemically anchoring long-chain polymer networks of tough synthetic hydrogels on solid surfaces create adhesions tougher than their natural counterparts, but the underlying mechanism has not been well understood. It is also challenging to tune systematically the adhesion of hydrogels on solids. Here, we provide a quantitative understanding of the mechanism for tough adhesions of hydrogels on solid materials via a combination of experiments, theory, and numerical simulations. Using a coupled cohesive-zone and Mullins-effect model validated by experiments, we reveal the interplays of intrinsic work of adhesion, interfacial strength, and energy dissipation in bulk hydrogels in order to achieve tough adhesions. We further show that hydrogel adhesion can be systematically tuned by tailoring the hydrogel geometry and silanization time of solid substrates, corresponding to the control of energy dissipation zone and intrinsic work of adhesion, respectively. The current work further provides a theoretical foundation for rational design of future biocompatible and underwater adhesives.

关键词： Adhesion Hydrogels Soft materials Mullins effect

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CRISPR/Cas9: Development and Application in Rice Breeding

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Rice science 2019年第5期26卷 265-281页

作者： Fernando matías ROMERO Andrés GATICA-ARIAS Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology School of Biology/Research Center in Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Costa Rica

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is an important staple food crop worldwide due to its adaptability to different environmental *** of its great economic and social importance,there is a constant requirement for new varieties with improved agronomic characteristics,such as tolerance to different biotic(such as bacterium,fungus,insect and virus)and abiotic stresses(such as salinity,drought and temperature),higher yield and better organoleptic and nutritional *** the new genome editing technologies,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)(CRISPR/Cas)system allows precise and specific edition in a targeted genome *** is one of the most frequently used techniques for the study of the function of new genes and for the development of mutant lines with enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,herbicide resistance or improved *** wide varieties of applications for this technology include simple non-homologous end joining,homologous recombination,gene replacement,and base *** this review,we analyzed how some of these applications have been used in rice cultivars to obtain rice varieties better adapted to current environmental conditions and market requirements.

关键词： rice CRISPR Cas genome editing biotic stress abiotic stress yield off-target mutation

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Ethical and legal implications of gene editing in plant breeding:a systematic literature review

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第12期24卷 1093-1105页

作者： Siti Hafsyah IDRIS Nurzatil Sharleeza mat JALALUDDIN Lee Wei CHANG Faculty of Law Universiti Teknologi MARAJalan Sarjana 1/2Shah Alam 40450SelangorMalaysia Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture(CEBAR) Level 3Research Management and Innovation ComplexUniversiti MalayaKualaLumpur50603Malaysia Centre for Civilisational Dialogue Level 1High Impact Research BuildingUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

Biotechnology policies and regulations must be revised and updated to reflect the most recent advances in plantbreeding technology. New Plant Breeding Techniques(NPBT) such as gene editing have been applied to address the myriad of challenges in plant breeding, while the use of NPBT as emerging biotechnological tools raises legal and ethical concerns. This study aims to highlight how gene editing is operationalized in the existing literature and examine the critical issues of ethical and legal issues of gene editing for plant breeding. We carried out a systematic literature review(SLR) to provide the current states of ethical and legal discourses surrounding this topic. We also identified critical research priority areas and policy gaps that must be addressed when designing the future governance of gene editing in plant breeding.

关键词： Systematic literature review Gene editing Plant breeding Ethical and legal issues Consequentialism Virtue ethics principles

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Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis and coccidiosis in goats from three selected farms in Terengganu,Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第9期6卷 735-739页

作者： Afzan mat Yusof Muhammad Lokman Md Isa Department of Biomedical Science Kulliyyah of Allied Health SciencesInternational Islamic University Malaysia Integrated Cellular and Molecular Biology Cluster(iMolec) Integrated Centre for Animal Care and UseInternational Islamic University Malaysia

Objective:To reveal the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis,Trichostrogylus,Haemonchus,Strongyloides and Trichuris and coccidiosis,mainly Eimeria in kids,yearlings and adult ***:A total of 287 goat faecal specimens were randomly collected from three farms in Kuala Terengganu,Setiu and ***:Prevalence of coccidiosis(89.2%) was significantly higher(Pmatodiasis(52.3%).Gastrointestinal nematodes(GINs) were found in37.0% kids,63.5% yearlings and 53.3% *** of GINs revealed the predominance of Strongyloides(45.6%) followed by Trichostrogylus(12.9%),Haemonchus(11.8%) and Trichuris(8.7%) in all groups whereby the adult goats recorded the highest infections of Trichostrogylus(20.5%),Haemonchus(10.6%),Strongyloides(51.5%) in all *** age-specific intensity for Eimeria was in following order:kids(92.6%),adults(86.6%) and yearlings(51.5%) and the difference was not significant(P > 0.05).The concurrent infections between GINs and Eimeria were 67.94% in all *** of Trichostrongylus(17.4%),Haemonchus(15.15%) and Strongyloides(40.4%) with Eimeria had infected most adult *** infections of Trichostrongylus with Eimeria and Trichuris with Eimeria were significantly higher in adults than yearlings and kids(P < 0.05).Conclusions:GINs and Eimeria were widely distributed in the goats leading to higher risk of morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Age Coccidia Goat Nematodes Terengganu

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Effect of combination of Gynura procumbens aqueous extract and Trigona spp. honey on fertility and libido of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemic male rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第2期8卷 56-62页

作者： Khaidatul Akmar Mahanem mat Noor Centre for Biotechnology and Functional Food Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangorMalaysia

Objective: To study the effects of co-administration of Gynura procumbens (GP) and kelulut honey (KH) on male fertility and libido in diabetes-induced rats. Methods: A total 42 males Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly and equally divided into six different groups. All groups except a normal control group were induced with 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) intravenously to induce diabetes. A positive control group was treated with an antidiabetic drug, metformin (500 mg/kg) whereas a negative control group remained untreated throughout the experiment. Meanwhile, another three treatments on diabetic rat groups were performed and categorised as Group 1 (450 mg/kg GP+ 300 mg/kg KH), Group 2 (450 mg/kg GP + 600 mg/kg KH) and Group 3 (450 mg/kg GP+ 1200 mg/kg KH). Treatments were given for seven consecutive days through oral gavage and all rats were euthanized on day 8th for fasting blood glucose analysis, sperm quality, spermatogenesis, sexual behaviour and implantation sites analysis. Results: Fasting blood glucose levels were significantly reduced after treatment of GP and KH, compared to negative and positive controls. The treated groups showed significant increment in sperm quality compared to all control groups. Testes histology illustrated significant damages on leydig and sertoli cells for both negative and positive controls. On the contrary, co-administration of GP and KH displayed regeneration of leydig and sertoli cells in the testes. Additionally, the number of implantation sites significantly increased in females copulated with treated groups, compared to controls. Besides, the libido analysis displayed improvement of libido in treated groups, compared to all controls. Throughout the study, insignificant variances were recorded between the treated groups, indicating that treatment in Group 1 was sufficient to trigger significant improvement on fasting blood glucose level, fertility, and libido in diabetic male rats. Conclusions: Co-administration o

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Gynura procumbens Trigona spp. Honey Sperm quality Spermatogenesis

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Rolling Bearing Condition Monitoring Technique Based on Cage Rotation Analysis and Acoustic Emission

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Journal of Dynamics, Monitoring and Diagnostics 2022年第2期1卷 57-65页

作者： matías Marticorena Oscar García Peyrano Vibrations Laboratory Vibrations DivisionNational Atomic Energy CommissionSan Carlos de BarilocheArgentina Balseiro Institute Cuyo National UniversitySan Carlos de BarilocheArgentina

In this paper,we present an alternative technique for detecting changes in the operating conditions of rolling element bearings(REBs)that can lead to premature *** developed technique is based on measuring the kinematics of the bearing *** rotational motion of the cage is driven by traction forces generated in the contacts of the rolling elements with the *** is known that the cage angular frequency relative to shaft angular frequency depends on the bearing load,the bearing speed,and the lubrication condition since these factors determine the lubricant film thickness and the associated traction *** a large percentage of REB failures are due to misalignment or lubrication problems,any evidence of these conditions should be interpreted as an incipient *** this paper,a novel method for the measurement of the instantaneous angular speed(IAS)of the cage is *** method is evaluated in a deep groove ball bearing test rig equipped with a cage IAS sensor,as well as a custom acoustic emission(AE)transducer and a piezoelectric *** IAS of the cage is analyzed under different bearing loads and shaft speeds,showing the dependence of the cage angular speed with the calculated lubricant film *** bearing faulty operating conditions(mixed lubrication regime,lubricant depletion,and misalignment)are *** is shown that the cage IAS is dependent on the lubrication regime and is sensitive to *** AE signal is also used to evaluate the lubrication *** results suggest that the proposed technique can be used as a condition monitoring tool in industrial environments to detect abnormal REB conditions that may lead to premature failure.

关键词： acoustic emission cage instantaneous angular speed condition monitoring cyclostationary analysis rolling element bearing

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Impact of work environment on job satisfaction and stress among hemodialysis staff in Klang Valley

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Frontiers of Nursing 2023年第4期10卷 481-492页

作者： Zaima mat Yusuf Bit Lian Yee National Guard Health Affairs King Abdul Aziz Medical CityNursing Education ServicesRiyadh 11426Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Technology and Applied Sciences Open University MalaysiaPetaling JayaSelangor 47301Malaysia

Objective:To investigate the factors contributing to satisfaction with the work environment,job satisfaction(JS),and stress among hemodialysis(HD)staff in the central region of ***:A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 215 HD staff working at private and non-government(NGO)dialysis centers using self-administered *** chi-square test was used to determine factors associated with HD staff's JS,stress,and working ***:The scientific proof was apparent that the working environment had an effect on JS and stress among employees at HD ***:This research offers useful insights into the essence and complexities of HD staff's work and will help nurses,dialysis managers,other dialysis personnel,and organizations to better understand the benefits and stresses faced by these workers.

关键词： hemodialysis staff job satisfaction nurses stress work environment

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Design and testing of a centralized protection scheme for micro-grids

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第10期22卷 3876-3887页

作者： Sohrab Mirsaeidi Dalila mat Said Mohammad Wazir Mustafa Mohammad Hafiz Habibuddin Kimia Ghaffari Centre of Electrical Energy Systems (CEES) Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Young Researchers and Elites Club Saveh Branch Islamic Azad University

Micro-grids comprise low voltage distribution systems with distributed energy resources(DERs) and controllable loads which can operate connected to the medium voltage grid or islanded in a controlled coordinated way. This concept aims to move from "connect and forget" philosophy towards a full integration of DERs. Micro-grids can provide numerous economic and environmental benefits for end-customers, utilities and society. However, their implementation poses great technical challenges, such as a new philosophy in design of protection systems. In this work, a micro-grid protection scheme is presented based on positive-sequence component using phasor measurement units(PMUs) and a central protection unit(CPU). The salient feature of the proposed scheme in comparison with the previous works is that it has the ability to protect both radial and looped micro-grids against different types of faults with the capability of single-phase tripping. Furthermore, since the CPU is capable of updating its pickup values(upstream and downstream equivalent positive-sequence impedances of each line) after the first change in the micro-grid configuration(such as transferring from grid-connected to islanded mode and or disconnection of a line, bus, or DER either in grid-connected mode or in islanded mode), it can protect micro-grid against subsequent faults. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the suggested scheme and the CPU, several simulations have been undertaken by using DIg SILENT Power Factory and matLAB software packages.

关键词： micro-grid protection grid-connected mode islanded mode positive-sequence component

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Effects of endothelin ETA receptor blocker LU 135252 on cardiac remod-eling and survival in a hypertensive rat model of chronic heart failure

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第11期27卷 1417-1422页

作者： Alexander REINECKE Marc DORENKAMP mat Jap DAEMEN Reichiger SIMON Thomas UNGER Clinic of Cardiology Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel24105 KielGermany Institute of Pharmacology Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel24105 KielGermany Department of Pathology University of MaastrichtMaastrichtthe Netherlands

Aim:To investigate whether the endothelin ETAreceptor blocker provides similarbenefit on cardiac remodeling and survival in a hypertensive rat model of chronicheart failure（CHF）.Methods:Male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive（SHR-SP）rats were subjected to permanent ligation of the left coronary artery andwere treated for 6 weeks with the endothelin ETAreceptor blocker LU 135252(***-1.d-1)starting 24 h after ligation or ***-operated rats servedas normal *** mean arterial blood pressure（MAP）,heart rate（HR）,leftventricular end-diastolic pressure（LVEDP）,left ventricular contractility(LVdp/dtmax),left ventricular inner diameter（LVD）and circumference（LVC）,septalthickness,left ventricular interstitial collagen content（ICC）and heart weight（HW）were measured at the end of the ***:Compared with the untreatedgroup,LU 135252 tended to increase HW（1.43±0.03 vs 1.38±0.04 g;P>0.05）,increased LVD（7.65±0.24 mm vs 6.58±0.14 mm;P0.05）,reduced LVEDP（144mmHg vs 27±4 mmHg;P<0.05）andimproved LV dp/dtmax（4230±450 mmHg/s vs 1950±400 mmHg/s;P<0.05）;survivalwas not prolonged significantly（13% vs 11%;P=NS）.Conclusion:In this hyper-tensive rat model of CHF,chronic endothelin ETA receptor blockade with LU 135252improves cardiac hemodynamics,however,it does not affect long-term survivaland worsens cardiac ***,endothelin ETAreceptor antagonists areunlikely to have an important role in the management of patients with CHF.

关键词： myocardial infarction heart failure endothelin ET_A receptor antagonism LU 135252 cardiac remodeling ventricular function SHR-SP rats

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