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Current application of neurofilaments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and future perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 1985-1991页

作者： Yuri Matteo Falzone Tommaso Russo Teuta Domi Laura Pozzi Angelo Quattrini massimo Filippi Nilo Riva Neuropathology Unit Institute of Experimental NeurologyDivision of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit IRCCS SanRaffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Neurophysiology Unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Neuroimaging Research Unit Institute of Experimental NeurologyDivision of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Vita-Salute San Rafaele University MilanItaly

Motor neuron disease includes a heterogeneous group of relentless progressive neurological disorders defined and characterized by the degeneration of motor *** lateral sclerosis is the most common and aggressive form of motor neuron disease with no effective treatment so ***,diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are lacking in clinical *** are fundamental structural components of the axons and neurofilament light chain and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain can be measured in both cerebrospinal fluid and *** light chain and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain levels are elevated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,reflecting the extensive damage of motor neurons and ***,neurofilaments are now increasingly recognized as the most promising candidate biomarker in amyotrophic lateral *** potential usefulness of neurofilaments regards various aspects,including diagnosis,prognosis,patient stratification in clinical trials and evaluation of treatment *** this review paper,we review the body of literature about neurofilaments measurement in amyotrophic lateral *** also discuss the open issues concerning the use of neurofilaments clinical practice,as no overall guideline exists to date;finally,we address the most recent evidence and future perspectives.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers motor neuron disease neurofilament light chain phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain

Antibiotics and probiotics in chronic pouchitis:A comparative proteomic approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 30-41页

作者： Silvia Turroni Beatrice Vitali Marco Candela Paolo Gionchetti Fernando Rizzello massimo Campieri Patrizia Brigidi Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bologna Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology University of BolognaPolyclinic S.Orsola

AIM:To profile protein expression in mucosal biopsies from patients with chronic refractory pouchitis following antibiotic or probiotic treatment,using a comparative proteomic approach. METHODS:Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry were used to characterize the changes related to antibiotic therapy in the protein expression profiles of biopsy samples from patients with chronic refractory *** same proteomic approach was applied to identify differentially expressed proteins in the non-inflamed pouch before and after probiotic administration. RESULTS:In the first set of 2D gels,26 different proteins with at least 2-fold changes in their expression levels between the pouchitis condition and antibiotic-induced remission were *** the second set of analysis,the comparison between mucosal biopsy proteomes in the normal and probiotic-treated pouch resulted in 17 significantly differently expressed *** these,8 exhibited the same pattern of deregulation as in the pouchitis/pouch remission group. CONCLUSION:For the first time,2D protein maps of mucosal biopsies from patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis were provided,and differentially expressed proteins following antibiotic/probiotic treatment were identified.

关键词： Chronic disease Pouchitis Antibiotics Probiotics Proteins Gene expression

Effects of Different Electromagnetic Fields on Circadian Rhythms of Some Haematochemical Parameters in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期22卷 348-353页

作者： LAURA CONTALBRIGO CALOGERO STELLETTA LAURA FALCIONI STEFANIA CASELLA GIUSEPPE PICCIONE MORANDO SOFFRITTI AND massimo MORGANTE European Foundation of Oncology and Environmental Sciences "B. Ramazzini" Department of Clinical Veterinary Science University of Padova Department of Experimental Sciences and Applied Biotechnology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Messina

Objective To investigate the effects of different electromagnetic fields on some haematochemical parameters of circadian rhythms in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods The study was carried out in 18 male and 18 female rats in good health conditions exposed to 50 Hz magnetic sinusoid fields at the intensity of 1000 μT, 100 μT, and 0 μT （control group） respectively, and in 18 male and 18 female rats in good health conditions exposed to 1.8 GHz electromagnetic fields at the intensity of 50 V/m, 25 V/m and 0 V/m （control group）, respectively. Following haematochemical parameters for glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol were measured. Results Different effects of electromagnetic fields on circadian rhythms of both male and female rats were observed. Different changes occurred in some haematochemical parameters for glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Exposure to different electromagnetic fields is responsible for the variations of some haematochemical parameters in rats.

关键词： Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (50 Hz) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (1.8 GHz) Haematochemical parameters Circadian rhythm Sprague-Dawley rat

Mapping fractional landscape soils and vegetation components from Hyperion satellite imagery using an unsupervised machinelearning workflow

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第7期11卷 670-690页

作者： Michael J.Friedel massimo Buscema Luiz Eduardo Vicente Fabio Iwashita Andréa Koga-Vicente Hydrogeology Department GNS ScienceLower HuttNew Zealand Mathematical&Statistical Sciences University of ColoradoDenverCOUSA Semeion Institute RomeItaly Satellite Monitoring Unit Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research-EMBRAPACampinasBrazil Earth Sciences Department University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Center for Meteorological and Climatological Research in Agriculture University of CampinasCampinasBrazil

An unsupervised machine-learning workflow is proposed for estimating fractional landscape soils and vegetation components from remotely sensed hyperspectral *** workflow is applied to EO-1 Hyperion satellite imagery collected near Ibirací,Minas Gerais,*** proposed workflow includes subset feature selection,learning,and estimation *** training with landscape feature class realizations provide a hypersurface from which to estimate mixtures of soil(e.g.0.5 exceedance for pixels:75%clay-rich Nitisols,15%iron-rich Latosols,and 1%quartz-rich Arenosols)and vegetation(e.g.0.5 exceedance for pixels:4%Aspen-like trees,7%Blackberry-like trees,0%live grass,and 2%dead grass).The process correctly maps forests and iron-rich Latosols as being coincident with existing drainages,and correctly classifies the clay-rich Nitisols and grasses on the intervening *** classifications are independently corroborated visually(Google Earth)and quantitatively(random soil samples and crossplots of field spectra).Some mapping challenges are the underestimation of forest fractions and overestimation of soil fractions where steep valley shadows exist,and the under representation of classified grass in some dry areas of the Hyperion *** preliminary results provide impetus for future hyperspectral studies involving airborne and satellite sensors with higher signal-to-noise and smaller footprints.

关键词： Hyperspectral machine learning remote sensing soils and vegetation unsupervised workflow

Is there a real diagnostic impact of elastosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the management of thyroid nodules?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第3期14卷 195-206页

作者： massimo GIUSTI Davide ORLANDI Giulia MELLE Barbara MASSA Enzo SILVESTRI Francesco MINUTO Gianni TURTULICI Endocrine Unit San Martino University Hospital Radiology Unit Evangelico Hospital Cytopathology and Pathology Unit San Martino University Hospital

Ultrasonography(US) and the new applications US elastography(USE) and contrast-enhanced US(CEUS) are used in the screening of thyroid nodules,for which fine-needle aspiration biopsy(FNAB) is the best single diagnostic *** aim of the study was to compare the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and accuracy of the four examinations in nodules with cytological and histological *** study used data from US,FNAB,USE(elasticity(ELX 2/1) index),and CEUS(Peak index and time to peak(TTP) index) evaluated in 73 thyroid nodules in 63 consecutive patients likely to undergo ***-histological correlation was available for 38 *** correlation emerged between nodule size and cytological results.A significant(P=0.03) positive correlation between cumulative US findings and cytological results was *** addition,significant correlations between cumulative US findings and cytology(P=0.02) and between cumulative US findings and histology(P<0.0001) were *** showed the best specificity and PPV,and FNAB the best *** was no significant difference in the ELX 2/1 index,Peak index,or TTP index among nodules subdivided according to cytological *** significant correlation was found between ELX 2/1 index,Peak index,and TTP index,on the one hand,and nodule size,US cumulative findings,cytology,and histology on the other *** sensitivity of the ELX 2/1 index was high,but its specificity was very *** accuracy and PPV of USE were lower than those of the other *** the correlation between Peak index and cumulative US findings reached a value close to *** ultimate aim is to minimise unnecessary *** and FNAB continue to play a central diagnostic *** use of a US score showed high specificity and *** specificity of FNAB was low in this selected series because of the numbers of indeterminate cytological *** and CEUS are innovative techniques that need to be standa

关键词： Thyroid nodules Cytology Histology Ultrasonography Elastosonography Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography

To metabolomics and beyond:a technological portfolio to investigate cancer metabolism

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第4期8卷 1721-1742页

作者： Federica Danzi Raffaella Pacchiana Andrea Mafficini Maria TScupoli Aldo Scarpa massimo Donadelli Alessandra Fiore Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of BiochemistryUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly Department of Diagnostics and Public Health University of VeronaVeronaItaly Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement SciencesBiology and Genetics SectionUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly ARC-NET Research Centre University and Hospital Trust of VeronaVeronaItaly

Tumour cells have exquisite flexibility in reprogramming their metabolism in order to support tumour initiation, progression,metastasis and resistance to therapies. These reprogrammed activities include a complete rewiring of the bioenergetic, biosyntheticand redox status to sustain the increased energetic demand of the cells. Over the last decades, the cancer metabolism field hasseen an explosion of new biochemical technologies giving more tools than ever before to navigate this complexity. Within a cell ora tissue, the metabolites constitute the direct signature of the molecular phenotype and thus their profiling has concrete clinicalapplications in oncology. Metabolomics and fluxomics, are key technological approaches that mainly revolutionized the fieldenabling researchers to have both a qualitative and mechanistic model of the biochemical activities in cancer. Furthermore, theupgrade from bulk to single-cell analysis technologies provided unprecedented opportunity to investigate cancer biology at cellularresolution allowing an in depth quantitative analysis of complex and heterogenous diseases. More recently, the advent offunctional genomic screening allowed the identification of molecular pathways, cellular processes, biomarkers and noveltherapeutic targets that in concert with other technologies allow patient stratification and identification of new treatmentregimens. This review is intended to be a guide for researchers to cancer metabolism, highlighting current and emergingtechnologies, emphasizing advantages, disadvantages and applications with the potential of leading the development ofinnovative anti-cancer therapies.

关键词： metabolism qualitative beyond

Epidemiological and clinical aspects of hepatitis B virus infection in Italy over the last 50 years

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第26期28卷 3081-3091页

作者： Caterina Sagnelli Antonello Sica Massimiliano Creta Armando Calogero massimo Ciccozzi Evangelista Sagnelli Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80131Italy Department of Neurosciences Reproductive Sciences and OdontostomatologyUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences-UO General Surgery University Federico II of NaplesNaples 80127Italy Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology Unit Campus Bio-Medico UniversityRome 80138Italy

A relevant gradual reduction of both the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B(AHB)and prevalence of chronic hepatitis B has occurred in Italy in the last 50 years,due to substantial epidemiological changes:Improvement in socioeconomic and hygienic conditions,reduction of the family unit,accurate screening of blood donations,abolition of re-usable glass syringes,hepatitis B virus(HBV)-universal vaccination started in 1991,use of effective well tolerated nucleo(t)side analogues able to suppress HBV replication available from 1998,and educational mediatic campaigns against human immunodeficiency virus infection focusing on the prevention of sexual and parenteral transmission of *** an example,AHB incidence has gradually decreased from 10/100000 inhabitants in 1985 to 0.21 in ***,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has interrupted the trend towards HBV *** fact,several HBV chronic carriers living in the countryside have become unable to access healthcare facilities for screening,diagnosis,clinical management,and nucleo(t)side analogue therapy in the COVID-19 pandemic,mainly for anxiety of becoming infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),movement restrictions,and reduced gains from job *** addition,one-third of healthcare facilities and personnel for HBV patients have been devolved to the COVID-19 assistance.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus epidemiology Acute hepatitis B COVID-19

Selection criteria in resectable pancreatic cancer: A biological and morphological approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11210-11215页

作者： Domenico Tamburrino Stefano Partelli Stefano Crippa Alberto Manzoni Angela Maurizi massimo Falconi Pancreatic Surgery Unit Department of Surgery Polytechnic University of Marche Region

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA) remains one of the most aggressive tumors with a low rate of survival. Surgery is the only curative treatment for PDA, although only 20% of patients are resectable at diagnosis. During the last decade there was an improvement in survival in patients affected by PDA, possibly explained by the advances in cancer therapy and by improve patient selection by pancreatic surgeons. It is necessary to select patients not only on the basis of surgical resectability, but also on the basis of the biological nature of the tumor. Specific preoperative criteria can be identified in order to select patients who will benefit from surgical resection. Duration of symptoms and level of carbohydrate antigen 19.9 in resectable disease should be considered to avoid R1 resection and early relapse. Radiological assessment can help surgeons to distinguish resectable disease from borderline resectable disease and locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Better patient selection can increase survival rate and neoadjuvant treatment can help surgeons select patients who will benefit from surgery.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Pancreatic cancer Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer Pancreatic surgery Pancreatic cancer staging

The phylogenetic and evolutionary history of Kokobera virus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第10期9卷 945-950页

作者： Aletheia Blasi Alessandra Lo Presti Eleonora Cella Silvia Angeletti massimo Ciccozzi Unit of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità Public Health and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University

Objective: To estimate the genetic diversity of Kokobera virus, the date of origin and the spread among different viruses in the endemic regions of Australia. Methods: Two datasets were built. The first consisting of 29 sequences of the NS5/3' UTR region of Kokobera group downloaded from Gen Bank, the second including only 24 sequences of Kokobera viruses, focus is on this group. Results: Bayesian time analysis revealed two different entries in Australia of Kokobera virus in the 50 s years with the dated ancestor in 1861 year. Clade A and B showed a clear separation of the Kokobera sequences according to the geographic region. Conclusions: Data from the study showed as Kokobera virus, despite of its ancient origin and its circulation before the European colonization, remained limited to the Australian Country and nowadays limited mostly to the regions were Australian marsupials are mostly found.

关键词： Kokobera virus Phylogeny Date of origin Evolution