Epidemiological and clinical aspects of hepatitis B virus infection in Italy over the last 50 years

作     者：Caterina Sagnelli Antonello Sica Massimiliano Creta Armando Calogero Massimo Ciccozzi Evangelista Sagnelli 

作者机构：Department of Mental Health and Public MedicineSection of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80131Italy Department of NeurosciencesReproductive Sciences and OdontostomatologyUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences-UO General SurgeryUniversity Federico II of NaplesNaples 80127Italy Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology UnitCampus Bio-Medico UniversityRome 80138Italy 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 (世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第28卷第26期

页      面：3081-3091页

核心收录：

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus epidemiology Acute hepatitis B COVID-19 

摘      要：A relevant gradual reduction of both the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B(AHB)and prevalence of chronic hepatitis B has occurred in Italy in the last 50 years,due to substantial epidemiological changes:Improvement in socioeconomic and hygienic conditions,reduction of the family unit,accurate screening of blood donations,abolition of re-usable glass syringes,hepatitis B virus(HBV)-universal vaccination started in 1991,use of effective well tolerated nucleo(t)side analogues able to suppress HBV replication available from 1998,and educational mediatic campaigns against human immunodeficiency virus infection focusing on the prevention of sexual and parenteral transmission of *** an example,AHB incidence has gradually decreased from 10/100000 inhabitants in 1985 to 0.21 in ***,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has interrupted the trend towards HBV *** fact,several HBV chronic carriers living in the countryside have become unable to access healthcare facilities for screening,diagnosis,clinical management,and nucleo(t)side analogue therapy in the COVID-19 pandemic,mainly for anxiety of becoming infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),movement restrictions,and reduced gains from job *** addition,one-third of healthcare facilities and personnel for HBV patients have been devolved to the COVID-19 assistance.