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Rendering Grass Blowing in the Wind with Global Illumination

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2010年第2期15卷 133-137页

作者： N Max S Saito K watanabe M Nakajima Computer Science Department University of California Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology

We have simulated a time varying wind field using the lattice Boltzmann model, and its effect on blades of grass with a simple mass-spring model. We present a global illumination model for multiple scattering of incident sun and sky illumination within the field of grass. We model the grass as a continuous distribution of infinitesimal colored scattering flakes and solve a system of differential equations for the radiance transport. We repeat this for a collection of grass bending directions and amounts, and then interpolate the solutions when rendering animations of blowing grass.

关键词： global illumination lattice Boltzmann method plane parallel radiation transport

Electrically Tunable Energy Bandgap in Dual-Gated Ultra-Thin Black Phosphorus Field Effect Transistors

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第4期34卷 87-91页

作者： Shi-Li Yan Zhi-Jian Xie Jian-Hao Chen Takashi Taniguchi Kenji watanabe International Center for Quantum Materials Peking University Beijing 100871 High Pressure Group National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871

The energy bandgap is an intrinsic character of semiconductors, which largely determines their properties. The ability to continuously and reversibly tune the bandgap of a single device during real time operation is of great importance not only to device physics but also to technological applications. Here we demonstrate a widely tunable bandgap of few-layer black phosphorus （BP） by the application of vertical electric field in dual-gated BP field-effect transistors. A total bandgap reduction of 124 meV is observed when the electrical displacement field is increased from 0.10 V/nm to 0.83 V/nm. Our results suggest appealing potential for few-layer BP as a tunable bandgap material in infrared optoelectronies, thermoelectric power generation and thermal imaging.

关键词： Electrically Tunable Energy Bandgap in Dual-Gated Ultra-Thin Black Phosphorus Field Effect Transistors FET BP

Bi-based superconductors fabricated in high magnetic fields

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第B1期16卷 11-19页

作者： LU XY A. NAGATA K. SUGAWARA K. watanabe T. NOJIMA Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science Akita University Akita 010-8502 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Center for Low Temperature Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan

The microstructure and superconducting properties of Bi-2223 superconductor fabricated in high magnetic fields were investigated. The results shows that the Bi-2212 grains with their c-axis parallel to the magnetic field were formed after the partial-melting and solidification in 8 T magnetic field, and transformed into the Bi-2223 grains with c-axis alignment during the further sintering process at 840 ℃ without magnetic field. The conversion of Bi-2212 grains to Bi-2223 grains has the heredity in grain alignment. The mixed structures of the Bi-2223 and the Bi-2212 grains with their c-axis parallel to the magnetic field are formed in samples sintered at 850?855 ℃ in 10 T magnetic field. When sintered in 10 T below 845 ℃, a high proportion of Bi-2223 phase is obtained, however no preferred orientation is observed. The Bi-2223 grains with their c-axis parallel to the axial direction of the vertical tube furnace are formed not only on the surface, but also in the center of the sample sintered at 850 ℃ for 120 h in a 15 ℃/cm temperature gradient without magnetic field. Moreover, the samples sintered in the temperature gradient and in a 10 T magnetic field have a stronger c-axis alignment of Bi-2223 phase.

关键词：铋基超导体制造铋-2223 磁场显微结构

Studies on numerical site calibration over complex terrain for wind turbines

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 8-12页

作者： Daisuke MATSUSHITA Hikaru MATSUMIYA Yoshinori HARA Satoshi watanabe Akinori FURUKAWA Department of Mechanical Engineering Science Kyushu University Hikaruwind Lab 5234 Seijo Setagaya-kuTokyoJapan

The estimation of wind turbine performance over complex terrain is very difficult because of the document of standard IEC61400-12 is adapted for flat or slightly complex *** the cost of constructing a meteorological mast is higher with scaling wind turbine *** have proposed a numerical site calibration(NSC) technique in order to estimate the inflow velocity at the position of wind turbine by using CFD tool to calculate the flow field around the *** present paper shows the problems for the procedure of NSC in which a commercial nonlinear CFD tool and the improvement method are used to gain a more accurate *** is clarified that the wind turbine performance which is estimated by using the wind speed on the meteorological mast has a good result for annual energy production.

关键词： wind turbine site calibration complex terrain wind turbine performance

Practical Use of Transient Elastography in Screening for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in a Japanese Population

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第2期7卷 127-131页

作者： Haruka Hirono Kazuhiko watanabe Katsuhiko Hasegawa Shogo Ohkoshi Department of Internal Medicine The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at NiigataChuo-kuNiigataJapan

Background and Aims:Fatty infiltration of liver may induce insulin resistance(IR),and a proportion of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is diagnosed with nonalcoholic *** elastography is gaining popularity as a means of non-invasively determining both liver stiffness(fibrosis level)and degree of fatty infiltration,expressed as controlled attenuation parameter(CAP)***:The aims of this study were to investigate the association between IR and level of fatty liver,and to identify the group at a greater risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis using transient elastography and other noninvasive fibrosis markers.A total of 169 patients without chronic hepatitis B and C were ***:The CAP value was significantly associated with IR(HOMA-IR≥2.5;AUROC=0.81),and the optimal cut-off to discriminate IR was 264 dB/*** liver stiffness measurement and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index values were significantly higher for CAP≥264 than in CAP<*** 9 patients among the overall 169 patients(5.3%)and among the 102 NAFLD patients(8.8%)who showed≥264 dB and≥7.0 kPa in transient elastography could represent good candidates for liver ***:Evaluation of NAFLD based on CAP values was useful in diagnosing *** 9%of NAFLD patients in a Japanese outpatient clinic with a few metabolic complications might be considered good candidates for liver biopsy to confirm nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

关键词： NAFLD Insulin resistance NASH Transient elastography CAP Fibrosis marker

Is rectal cancer prone to metastasize to lymph nodes than colon cancer?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第29期17卷 3465-3466页

作者： Takashi Akiyoshi Toshiaki watanabe Masashi Ueno Tetsuichiro Muto Gastroenterological Center Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryCancer Institute HospitalJapanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchTokyo 135-8550Japan Department of Surgery Teikyo University School of MedicineTokyo 173-8605Japan

The biology of colorectal cancer differs according to its location within the large intestine.A report published in a previous issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology (November 2010) evaluated the importance of tumor location as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer,and showed that rectal cancer is prone to metastasize to lymph nodes as compared with colon ***,in order to conclude that the tumor location is independently associated with the occurrence of lymph node metastasis,it is necessary to consider a selection bias or other patientand tumorrelated factors carefully.

关键词： Rectum Colon Lymph node Metastasis Cancer

Control of Snow Falling Flow around NACA0015 Blade using a Plasma Electrode with Weather Resistant Design

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第1期31卷 72-81页

作者： MATSUDA Hisashi CHIBA Takahiro YAGAMI Masaki TAJIMA Yusuke watanabe Nobuyoshi SATO Hideaki TAKEYAMA Masafumi Hokkaido University of Science Hokkaido 006-8585Japan Asahi Rubber Inc. Saitama 330-0801Japan

The plasma actuation (PA) effect on the snow falling flow was investigated using a plasma electrode with weather resistant design and the natural snow wind facility of the Hokkaido University of Science. NACA0015 test blade with chord length c of 300 mm was used. Wind tunnel tests were carried out under the angle of the attack of the blade was fixed at 15 degrees, and the main flow velocity is U=5 m/s. PIV (Particle image velocimetry) measurements were conducted on various PA conditions using natural dry snowflakes as a tracer. When the actuator was driven under the condition of the fundamental frequency of F=50 kHz, and the pulsed modulated frequency f of fc/U=1 and Duty ratio (Ratio of plasma ON time to pulse duration time) =1%, movement of snowflakes was controlled the most effectively tested. It was clarified that the fundamental frequency of PA also affects the control of snow flow. Under snowfall conditions, the weather resistant designed plasma electrode has suffered no damage and operated successfully.

关键词： plasma actuator weather resistant design snow falling flow control experiment PIV

Elevated CO2 offsets the alteration of foliar chemicals(n-icosane,geranyl acetate,and elixene)induced by elevated O3 in three taxa of O3-tolerant eucalypts

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 789-803页

作者： Eka Novriyanti Qiaozhi Mao Evgenios Agathokleous Makoto watanabe Yasuyuki Hashidoko Takayoshi Koike Research and Development Institute of Forest Fiber Technology FOERDIAMinistry of Environment and ForestryKotak Pos 4/BKN BangkinangKamparRiau 28411Indonesia Division of Environment and Resources Research Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400700China Institute of Applied Ecology Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina Institute of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan Division of Applied Biological Sciences Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido Univ.SapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Shenzhen Graduate School of Environment and Energy Peking UniversityBeijing 518055China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085China

Eucalypts are important forest resources in southwestern China,and may be tolerant to elevated ground-level ozone(O3)concentrations that can negatively affect plant *** CO2 may offset O3-induced effects by providing excess carbon to produce secondary metabolites or by inducing stomatal ***,the effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on leaf secondary metabolites and other defense chemicals were studied by exposing seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus,***,and ***×*** to a factorial combination of two levels of O3(<10 nmol mol^(−1)and 60 nmol mol^(−1))and CO2(ambient:370μmol mol^(−1)and 600μmol mol^(−1))in open-top field ***-profiles of leaf extracts illustrated the effect of elevated O3 and the countering effect of high CO2 on compounds in leaf epicuticular wax and essential oils,i.e.,n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene,compounds known as a first-line defense against insect herbivores.n-Icosane may be involved in tolerance mechanisms of *** and the hybrid,while geranyl acetate and elixene in the tolerance of *** O3 and CO2,singly or in combination,affected only leaf physiology but not biomass of various *** CO2 impacted several leaf traits,including stomatal conductance,leaf mass per area,carbon,lignin,n-icosane,geranyl acetate and *** effects of elevated O3 on leaf physiology(nitrogen,n-icosane,geranyl acetate,elixene)were commonly offset by elevated *** conclude that ***,*** and the hybrid were tolerant to these O3 and CO2 treatments,and n-icosane,geranyl acetate and elixene may be major players in tolerance mechanisms of the tested species.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Epicuticular wax Eucalypts Secondary metabolism Tropospheric ozone

Stock Structure Analysis of the Japanese Spanish Mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius(Cuvier, 1832) Along the China Coast Based on Truss Network

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第2期19卷 446-452页

作者： JIANG Yiqian ZHANG Chi YE Zhenjiang XU Binduo TIAN Yongjun watanabe Yoshiro College of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute University of Tokyo5-1-5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba277-8564Japan

The Japanese Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius(Cuvier,1832)is widely distributed in the subtropical and temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific Ocean,supporting one of the most important commercial fisheries in ***,ignoring the potential population structure changes induced by fishing pressure and climate change may undermine the population stability under the current management *** this study,the population structure of the Japanese Spanish mackerel was investigated based on a morphometric truss network system.A total of 534 individuals were randomly collected from commercial gill nets spanning eight major spawning grounds in the Bohai,Yellow,and East China Seas during the peak spawning seasons respectively.A total of 17 measurements(including eye diameter)were conducted in each specimen and subjected to principal component analysis(PCA)and discriminant function analysis(DFA).The results of PCA indicated that the first two factors cumulatively caused 78.38%of the total morphometric variation and observable differences,primarily fin the caudal and trunk *** results of DFA revealed that the eight spawning groups can be divided into three stocks,i.e.,southern,middle,and northern stocks,with 68.7%of total *** contrast to previous studies,the spawning groups of the Japanese Spanish mackerel demonstrated a tendency to disperse to northern *** conclusion,this study found that to maintain the stability of the population structure and the total production of Japanese Spanish mackerel ***(Cuvier,1832),a newly revised management method should be developed and implemented.

关键词： Japanese Spanish mackerel population structure truss morphometry management framework