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Daytime-nighttime variations in the concentration of PM_(0.1) carbonaceous particles during a biomass fire episode in Chiang Mai,Thailand

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 316-324页

作者： Worradorn Phairuang Thaneeya Chetiyanukornkul Phuchiwan Suriyawong Sotasing Ho Phakphum Paluang masami Furuuchi Muhammand Amin Mitsuhiko Hata Faculty of Gesciences and CivilEngineering Institute of Science and Enginering Kanazawa UniverityKanazawaIshkawa92192Japan Department of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai50200Thailand Research Unit for Eergyonomics and Eological Management Multidisciplinary Research Insttute Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai50200Thailand Management and Development Training Program Office National Institute of ScienceTechnology and Innovation120601Cambodia Faculty of Engineering Maritim University of Raja Ali HajTanjung PinangKepulauan Riau29115Indonesia

Carbonaceous aerosols affect air quality adversely,affect global warming,and human ***,our understanding of the impact of ultrafine(PM_(0.1))carbonaceous particulate matter is incomplete,particularly the effects during haze *** study monitored diurnal variations in PM_(0.1) in Chiang Mai,Thailand,from March to April *** investigated carbonaceous PM_(0.1) collected by an ambient nano-sampler and evaluated their effect by using a carbon analyzer(IMPROVE_TOR).The results showed that burning large open areas in the dry season was crucial for increasing the particle mass concentration because of the large open burnings that occurred in this *** majority of biomass fires near the sampling site occurred during the night,which would allow more particles to be released thus resulting in higher concentrations of PM_(0.1).Hence,the release of PM_(0.1) during the night would obviously result in higher concentrations than that during the *** the eight carbon profiles,organic carbon 3(OC3)was predicted to be a marker of biomass *** carbon indices displayed that PM_(0.1) was influenced by biomass burning both daytime and *** findings reported herein should be of great impor-tance in terms of establishing biomass burning control policies for mitigating heavy haze pollution in Thailand and elsewhere.

关键词： Biomass burning Carbon Forest fires Nanoparticles Ultrafine particles

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Size-fractionated carbonaceous particles and climate effects in the eastern region of Myanmar

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 31-40页

作者： Mai Kai Suan Tial Nwe Nwe Kyi Muhammad Amin Mitsuhiko Hata masami Furuuchi Rahmi Mulia Putri Phakphum Paluang Phuchiwan Suriyawong Worradorn Phairuang Department of Electrical Power Engineering Yangon Technological UniversityYangon11011Myanmar Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKanazawaIshikawa920-1192Japan Faculty of Engineering Maritim University of Raja Ali HajiTanjung PinangKepulauan Riau 29115Indonesia Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaIshikawa920-1192Japan Department of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai50200Thailand Research Unit for Energy Economics and Ecological Management Multidisciplinary Research InstituteChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai50200Thailand

This study reports on an investigation of fine and coarse carbonaceous particulate matters(PM)in Tachileik,eastern Myanmar,during the dry and wet seasons of *** carbon compositions,including organic carbon(OC)and elemental carbon(EC),in each size(PM10-2.5,PM2.5-1.0,and PM1.0-0.5)were determined by a carbon *** average total mass concentration of the three fractions of particle samples during the dry season was higher(51.23±23.86μg/m3)than that of the wet season(14.00±5.26μg/m3).The results indicate that OC and EC levels were highest for PM1.0-0.5 during the dry season and the sizes were similar for both *** OC/EC ratios varied in different seasons,from 1.93 to 4.40 and 4.13 to 5.25 in the dry and wet seasons,*** was sub-divided into char-EC and soot-EC;the char-EC/soot-EC in the dry season was higher than in the wet season,signifying that biomass burning is the main particle source during the dry ***,vehicle emissions dominated during the wet *** effective carbon ratio(ECR)suggested that finer particles contributed more to global *** information is important in terms of air quality control and mitigation in Myanmar and elsewhere.

关键词： Air quality Biomass burning Carbon Coarse particles Fine particles Myanmar

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Prophylactic Pattern Scanning Laser Retinal Photocoagulation for Diabetic Retinopathy in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Fatty Rats: Preliminary Experimental Results

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第3期14卷 153-165页

作者： Rina Takagi Yoshiaki Tanaka Tetsuya Hasegawa masami Shinohara Yasushi Kageyama Tomohiko Sasase Machiko Shimmura-Tomita Akihiro Kakehashi Toshikatsu Kaburaki Department of Ophthalmology Saitama Medical Center Jichi Medical University Saitama-shi Saitama-ken Japan Tokyo Animal & Diet Department CLEA Japan Inc. Tokyo Japan Biological/Pharmacological Research Laboratories Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Japan Tobacco Inc. Takatsuki Osaka Japan

Research Background and Purpose: The number of diabetic patients is rapidly increasing, making it crucial to find methods to prevent diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness. We investigated the effects of prophylactic pattern scanning laser retinal photocoagulation on DR development in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats as a new prevention approach. Methods: Photocoagulation was applied to the right eyes of 8-week-old Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats, with the left eyes serving as untreated controls. Electroretinography at 9 and 39 weeks of age and pathological examinations, including immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor and glial fibrillary acidic protein at 24 and 40 weeks of age, were performed on both eyes. Results: There were no significant differences in amplitude and prolongation of the OP waves between the right and left eyes in SDT fatty rats at 39 weeks of age. Similarly, no significant differences in pathology and immunohistochemistry were observed between the right and left eyes in SDT fatty rats at 24 and 40 weeks of age. Conclusion: Prophylactic pattern scanning retinal laser photocoagulation did not affect the development of diabetic retinopathy in SDT fatty rats.

关键词： Diabetes Pattern Scanning Laser Diabetic Retinopathy Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Fatty Rats Electroretinography

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Design Method of Guide Vane for Wells Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2006年第2期15卷 126-131页

作者： masami SUZUKI Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo

Guide vanes are installed in the Wells turbine in order to improve its efficiency, self-rotating characteristics and off design performance with stall. This work attempts to explain the role of these guide vanes on the basis of momentum theory. It is shown that the upstream vanes are more effective in enhancing efficiency than the downstream ones. A design method for guide vanes is suggested based on experimental data and potential theory. Experimental studies carried out by the author confirm the theory proposed.

关键词： wells turbine guide vane cascade potential flow wave energy converter ocean engineering

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Subloading-friction model with saturation of tangential contact stress

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Friction 2023年第6期11卷 1107-1120页

作者： Koichi HASHIGUCHI masami UENO Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395Japan MSC Software Ltd. Tokyo 101-0054Japan University of the Ryukyus Okinawa 903-0213Japan

The incorporation of the saturation of the tangential contact stress with the increase of the normal contact stress is required for the analysis of the friction phenomenon of solids and structures subjected to a high normal contact stress,which cannot be described by the Coulomb friction condition,in which the tangential contact stress increases linearly with the increase of the normal contact *** this article,the subloading-friction model,which is capable of describing the smooth elastic-plastic transition,the static-kinetic transition,and the recovery of the static friction during the cease of sliding,is extended to describe this ***,some numerical examples are shown,and the validity of the present model will be verified by the simulation of the test data on the linear sliding of metals.

关键词： high contact stress monotonic/reciprocal sliding static/kinetic friction subloading-friction model

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Influence of agricultural activities,forest fires and agro-industries on air quality in Thailand

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 85-97页

作者： Worradorn Phairuang Mitsuhiko Hata masami Furuuchi Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan

Annual and monthly-based emission inventories in northern, central and north-eastern provinces in Thailand, where agriculture and related agro-industries are very intensive,were estimated to evaluate the contribution of agricultural activity, including crop residue burning, forest fires and related agro-industries on air quality monitored in corresponding provinces. The monthly-based emission inventories of air pollutants, or, particulate matter（PM）, NOx and SO2, for various agricultural crops were estimated based on information on the level of production of typical crops： rice, corn, sugarcane, cassava, soybeans and potatoes using emission factors and other parameters related to country-specific values taking into account crop type and the local residue burning period. The estimated monthly emission inventory was compared with air monitoring data obtained at monitoring stations operated by the Pollution Control Department, Thailand（PCD） for validating the estimated emission inventory. The agro-industry that has the greatest impact on the regions being evaluated, is the sugar processing industry, which uses sugarcane as a raw material and its residue as fuel for the boiler. The backward trajectory analysis of the air mass arriving at the PCD station was calculated to confirm this influence. For the provinces being evaluated which are located in the upper northern, lower northern and northeast in Thailand, agricultural activities and forest fires were shown to be closely correlated to the ambient PM concentration while their contribution to the production of gaseous pollutants is much less.

关键词： Biomass burning Agricultural residue Agro-industry Emission inventory Air pollutants

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Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma accompanied by portal vein tumor thrombus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第47期12卷 7561-7567页

作者： masami Minagawa Masatoshi Makuuchi Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Department of Artificial Organ and Transplantation Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

The prognosis of patients with hepatocellular cardnorna （HCC） accompanied by portal vein tumor thrombus （PVTT） is generally poor if leo untreated： a median survival time of 2.7-4.0 mo has been reported. Furthermore, while transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） has been shown to be safe in selected patients, the median survival time with this treatment is still only 3.8-9.5 mo. Systemic single-agent chemotherapy for HCC with PVTT has failed to improve the prognosis, and the response rates have been less than 20%. While regional chemotherapy with low-dose cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil or interferon and 5-fluorouracil via hepatic arterial infusion has increased the response rate, the median survival time has not exceeded 12 （range 4.5-11.8） mo. Combined treatment consisting of radiation for PVTT and TACE for liver tumor has achieved a high response rate, but the median survival rates have still been only 3.8-10.7 mo. With hepatic resection as monotherapy, the 5-year survival rate and median survival time were reportedly 4%-28.5% and 6-14 mo. The most promising results were reported for combined treatments consisting of hepatectomy and TACE, chemotherapy, or internal radiation. The reported 5-year survival rates and median survival times were 42% and 31 mo for TACE followed by hepatectomy; 36.3% and 22.1 mo for hepatectomy followed by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; and 56% for chemotherapy or internal radiation followed by hepatectomy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Portal vein tumor Thrombus Hepatic resection Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization Chemotherapy Radiation

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Description of sand–metal friction behavior based on subloadingfriction model

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Friction 2022年第10期10卷 1660-1675页

作者： Toshiyuki OZAKI Yuki YAMAKAWA masami UENO Koichi HASHIGUCHI Kyushu Electric Engineering Consultants Inc. Fukuoka 810-0005Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan University of the Ryukyus Okinawa 903-0213Japan MSC Software Ltd. Tokyo 101-0054Japan Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395Japan

A subloading-friction model is formulated to describe the smooth transient variation from static friction to kinetic friction,the recovery to static friction after the sliding velocity decreases,and the accumulation of sliding displacement under the cyclic loading of contact *** the past relevant studies,however,the model formulation used for simulations is limited to the hypoelastic-based plasticity framework,and the validation of the model is limited to simulations of the test data for metal-to-metal *** this study,the formulation of the subloading-friction model based on a hyperelastic-based plasticity framework is *** the fields of civil,geotechnical,agricultural engineering,and terramechanics,the interaction between soils and metals is critical,as reflected in construction and agricultural machinery,foundation piles,and retaining *** validity of the model for describing the friction between various sands and metals is verified by simulations of the experimental data under monotonic and cyclic loadings.

关键词： subloading-friction model sand-metal friction monotonic/cyclic sliding static/kinetic friction

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ANALYSIS ON PSEUDO-STEADY INDENTATION CREEP

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2008年第4期21卷 283-288页

作者： Hidenari Takagi Ming Dao masami Fujiwara Division of Applied Physics College of Engineering Nihon University Fukushima Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts USA

Theoretical analysis and finite element （FE） simulation have been carried out for a constant specific load rate （CSLR） indentation creep test. Analytical results indicate that both the representative stress and the indentation strain rate become constant after a transient period. Moreover, the FE simulation reveals that both the contours of equivalent stress and equivalent plastic strain rate underneath the indenter evolve with geometrical self-similarity. This suggests that pseudo-steady indentation creep occurs in the region beneath the indenter. The representative points in the region are defined as the ones with the equivalent stress equal to the representative stress. In addition, it is revealed that the proportionality between indentation strain rate and equivalent plastic strain rate holds at the representative points during the pseudo-steady indentation creep of a power law material. A control volume （CV） beneath the indenter, which governs the indenter velocity, is identified. The size of the CV at the indented surface is approximately 2.5 times the size of the impression. The stress exponent for creep can be obtained from the pseudosteady indentation creep data. These results demonstrate that the CSLR testing technique can be used to evaluate creep parameters with the same accuracy as conventional uniaxial creep tests.

关键词： indentation creep finite element method conical indenter geometrical self-similarity,pseudo-steady state control volume stress exponent

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A User-friendly Living Cationic Polymerization: Degenerative Chaintransfer Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers by Simply Using Mixtures of Weak and Superstrong Protonic Acids

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第9期37卷 851-857页

作者： Mineto Uchiyama Masataka Sakaguchi Kotaro Satoh masami Kamigaito Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya University

Mixtures of a weak protonic acid and a trace amount of superstrong protonic acid were used for the simple control of the cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers via a degenerative chain-transfer mechanism, in which the former acid works as a precursor of the chain transfer agent (CTA) or the dormant species and the latter works as a source of the cationic propagating species. The addition of mixtures of phosphoric acid dibutyl ester ((n=BuO)2PO2H) or 1 -octanethiol (n-C8H17SH) and a trace amount of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOH) to a solution of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) at -78℃ resulted in polymers with controlled molecular weights, which were basically determined by the feed ratio of IBVE to the weak protonic acid, and narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn≈ 1.1). These results were almost the same as those obtained using their prepared adducts of IBVE as CT As in the presence of a trace amount of TfOH under similar conditions. Methanesulfonic acid (CH3SO3H), whose adduct of IBVE has not been isolated due to instability, was similarly used in conjunction with trace TfOH to result in controlled molecular weights but slightly broader MWDs (Mw/Mn = 1.2-1.8). These results indicate that the sulfoxonium ion is also an effective intermediate in the cationic DT polymerization in addition to the phosphonium and sulfonium intermediates derived from (n=BuO)2PO2H and C8H17SH, respectively. The simple living cationic polymerization was thus achieved by using a combination of a weak protonic acid and a trace amount of TfOH, which are both easily available, low cost, free from metal, and easy to handle, without need for preparation of the initiator.

关键词： Living cationic polymerization Degenerative chain transfer RAFT polymerization Metal free Vinyl ether

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