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欧洲儿科胃肠病学、肝病学和营养协会儿童及青少年炎症性肠病诊断的改良波尔图标准(2014年版)

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中华儿科杂志 2016年第10期54卷 728-732页

作者： Arie Levine Sibylle Koletzko Dan Turner Johanna c.Escher Salvatore cucchiara Lissy de Ridder Kaija-Leena Kolho Gabor Veres Richard K.Russell Anders Paerregaard Stephan Buderus mary-louise c.greer Jorge A.Dias Gigi Veereman-Wauters Paolo Lionetti Malgorzata Sladek Javier Martin de carpi Annamaria Staiano Frank M.Ruemmele David c.Wilson 罗优优陈洁 Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit Wolfson Medical CenterSackler School of MedicineTel-Aviv University the Dr von Hauner children's Hospital Ludwig Maximilians University the Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Shaare Zedek Medical CenterThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem the Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of PediatricsErasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital 5. the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver UnitSapienza University of Rome 6. the Children's HospitalUniversity of Helsinki 7. the Semmelweis University 8. the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionYorkhill Children's Hospital 9. the Department of PaediatricsHvidovre University Hospital 10. the St.Marien-HospitalDepartment of Pediatrics 11. the Department of Diagnostic ImagingThe Hospital for Sick Childrenthe Department of Medical ImagingUniversity of Toronto 12. the Hospital S.Joao 13. the-Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 14. the Departement NeurofarbaUniversity of FlorenceMeyer Children Hospital 15. the Department of PediatricsGastroenterology and NutritionJagiellonian University Medical College 16. the Department of Pediatric GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionHospital Sant Joan de De'u 17. the Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsUniversit

炎症性肠病(IBD)包括克罗恩病(cD)、溃疡性结肠炎(Uc)和未分型IBD(IBDU)。IBD的确切诊断需综合病史、体检、实验室检查、内镜以及影像学的检查,并严格排除肠道感染、过敏性疾病或原发性免疫缺陷病(PID)。近年对儿童期起病的IBD(PIBD)的... 详细信息

炎症性肠病(IBD)包括克罗恩病(cD)、溃疡性结肠炎(Uc)和未分型IBD(IBDU)。IBD的确切诊断需综合病史、体检、实验室检查、内镜以及影像学的检查,并严格排除肠道感染、过敏性疾病或原发性免疫缺陷病(PID)。近年对儿童期起病的IBD(PIBD)的研究高度提示3种PIBD的亚型均存在不典型的表型。本标准对2005年波尔图标准进行改良,利用循证方法,整合最新证据,包括诊断方法、以巴黎分型为基础的PIBD亚型的定义以及诊断误区,为新一代的PIBD提供优质的个体化管理以及可靠的诊断、评估和预后。

关键词：体检实验室检查内镜

Geothermo-mechanical alterations due to heat energy extraction in enhanced geothermal systems: Overview and prospective directions

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 256-268页

作者： mary c.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole Olufemi Olorode John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkUSA Department of Petroleum Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeUSA

Geothermal energy from deep underground (or geological) formations,with or without its combination with carbon capture and storage (ccS),can be a key technology to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and meet the 2050 net‐zero carbon emission *** resources in low‐permeability and medium‐and high‐temperature reservoirs in sedimentary sequence require hydraulic stimulation for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS).However,fluid migration for geothermal energy in EGS or with potential cO_(2) storage in a cO_(2)‐EGS are both dependent on the in situ flow pathway network created by induced fluid *** thermo‐mechanical interactions can be complex and induce varying alterations in the mechanical response when the working fluid is water (in EGS) or supercritical cO_(2)(in cO_(2)‐EGS),which could impact the geothermal energy recovery from geological ***,there is a need for a deeper understanding of the heat extraction process in EGS and cO_(2)‐*** study presents a systematic review of the effects of changes in mechanical properties and behavior of deep underground rocks on the induced flow pathway and heat recovery in EGS reservoirs with or without cO_(2) storage in cO_(2) ‐***,we proposed waterless‐stimulated EGS as an alternative approach to improve heat energy extraction in ***,based on the results of our literature review and proposed ideas,we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more insights into understanding geothermo‐mechanics to further stimulate new research studies and accelerate the development of geothermal energy as a viable clean energy technology.

关键词： cO_(2)-EGS enhanced geothermal systems geomechanics geothermal energy underground thermal energy

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Assessment of nano-to-micro-scale geomechanical properties and their time-dependent behavior: current status and progressive perspectives

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin

Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： mary c.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ07102USA

Rocks can deform at varying scales(nano-,micro-and macro-scale)under different temperatures,pressures,stresses,and time ***-core scale(nano-to micro-scale)changes in rock properties can influence local(fine-scale)and bulk scale(macro-scale)rock ***,there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge on how rock deformation at sub-core scale(i.e.,nano-to micro-scale)is assessed and its potential to accurately predicte and estimate the macro-scale mechanical behavior of *** study presents a comprehensive and forward-leaning review of the assessment of nano-scale and micro-scale rock mechanical parameters,their timedependent behavior,and potential applications in rock ***,we highlighted the key findings based on experimental and numerical methods for evaluating rock mechanical parameters,and presented the limitations of these ***,we discussed the reliability of sub-core scale mechanical assessments in predicting macromechanical(larger-scale)properties and the behavior of rocks in ***,we offer recommendations to advance investigations focused on rock mechanical assessments at these smaller scales and provide a more accurate characterization at the sub-core scale.

关键词： Rock mechanics Rock deformation Nanomechanics Rock creep Rock engineering

Air purifier or fresh air system?A comparison of energy consumption and cost in urban china residential buildings

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2637-2647页

作者： GUO Yong SUN ZhiWei WEScHLER louise B ZHANG YinPing Department of Building Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and control Beijing 100084China Independent Researcher Colts Neck 07722NJUSA

chinese urban residential buildings face serious indoor air quality *** purification systems(e.g.,air purifiers,fresh air systems)that supply fresh air or purify indoor air are widely used in residential buildings to improve indoor air *** the challenges of energy conservation and emission reduction,it is urgent to guide residents on choosing appropriate air purification *** key problem is how to identify the best air purification system with the lowest energy consumption or operating *** of air purification systems have rarely been conducted on the premise that they should deliver air such that the main indoor pollutant concentrations all meet air quality *** ignored in comparisons are the increased filtration resistance caused by dust accumulation on the filter and the cost of filter *** this study,we propose a method to compare residential air purification systems based on energy consumption and total cost,and we provide methods to select air purification systems in china's different climatic *** used a standard two-person bedroom as the example,and determined the most suitable(minimum cost or energy consumption)air purification systems for the capital cities of the provinces in chinese mainland.

关键词： IAQ fresh air system air purifier energy consumption cost

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Turning teawaste particles into magnetic bio-sorbents particles for arsenic removal from wastewater:Isotherm and kinetic studies

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 179-193页

作者： mary McGeogh Hamza Annath chirangano Mangwandi School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastDavid Kier BuildingBT95AGUnited Kingdorm Department of chermnistry Lancaster UniversityBailrigsLancasterLA14YBUnited Kingdom

The primary objective of this research was to assess the potential of magnetic bleached biochar(MBBc)as a cost-effective adsorbent for arsenic *** achieve this,locally collected tea wastes underwent meticulous cleaning,bleaching,and modifications via thermal and chemical *** non-magnetic and magnetic biochar adsorbents were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA).Subsequently,the adsorptive performance of MBBc in removing arsenic from wastewater samples was investigated,considering various crucial parameters such as adsorbent-adsorbate contact time,concentration of As,temperature,adsorbent dosage,and the regeneration-ability of the *** experimental data for the adsorption process were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm,indicating its suitability for the MBBc ***,the MBBc demonstrated a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of approximately 714 mg/g at room temperature,highlighting its efficiency as an arsenic ***,the Lagergren's Pseudo-second order kinetic model proved to be the most suitable for describing the adsorption kinetics,confirming the chemisorption nature of the *** results also indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic and feasible,suggesting its viability for practical *** all findings into account,the comprehensive analysis strongly supports the potential use of MBBc as a highly promising and cost-effective adsorbent for efficiently removing arsenic from aqueous *** research contributes valuable insights to the field of wastewater treatment and offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for tackling arsenic contamination in water sources.

关键词： Arsenics Wastewater Adsorption Magnetic bio-char Teawaste

Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan mary c.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.Loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee Ivan c.c.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(cREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

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Internet Gaming Disorder and Mental Health of children in china:A Latent Profile Analysis

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第7期26卷 517-529页

作者： Md Zahir Ahmed Oli Ahmed Lingfeng Gao mary c.Jobe Weijian Li School of Psychology Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Psychology University of ChittagongChattogram4331Bangladesh Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences The George Washington UniversityWashington DC20052USA

In recent years,speculation of an increase in Internet Gaming Disorder(IGD)has surfaced with the growing popularity of internet gaming among chinese children and *** detrimental impact of IGD on mental health cannot be denied,even though only a small portion of the screen-dependent population exhibits psychopathological and behavioral *** present study aimed to explore a latent proﬁle analysis(LPA)of Internet Gaming Disorder on the mental health of chinese school *** data were collected from a sample of 1005 chinese school students(49.8%male;age M=13.32,SD=1.34 years)using a paper-pencil survey through convenience *** explored three latent proﬁles of internet gamers:regular gamers(62.4%),moderate gamers(28.1%),and probable disordered gamers(9.4%).Results showed that the probable disordered gamers had signiﬁcantly higher levels of depression,anxiety,emotional and conduct problems,hyperactivity,and peer problem symptoms as well as lower life satisfaction,and pro-social symptoms compared to regular and moderate gamers(p<0.05).This study would be helpful to mental health professionals in designing interventions for gamers who present IGD *** longitudinal studies should also be undertaken to assess whether mental health worsens for probable disordered gamers.

关键词： Internet gaming disorder latent proﬁle analysis mental health children and adolescents china

Examining the effects of voluntary avoidance behaviour and policy-mediated behaviour change on the dynamics of SARS-coV-2:A mathematical model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 701-712页

作者： Gabrielle Brankston David N.Fisman Zvonimir Poljak Ashleigh R.Tuite Amy L.greer Department of Population Medicine University of GuelphCanada Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of TorontoCanada centre for Immunization Readiness Public Health Agency of CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada

Background Throughout the SARS-coV-2 pandemic,policymakers have had to navigate between recommending voluntary behaviour change and policy-driven behaviour change to mitigate the impact of the *** individuals will voluntarily engage in self-protective behaviour when there is an increasing infectious disease risk,the extent to which this occurs and its impact on an epidemic is not *** This paper describes a deterministic disease transmission model exploring the impact of individual avoidance behaviour and policy-mediated avoidance behaviour on epidemic outcomes during the second wave of SARS-coV-2 infections in Ontario,canada(September 1,2020 to February 28,2021).The model incorporates an information feedback function based on empirically derived behaviour data describing the degree to which avoidance behaviour changed in response to the number of new daily cases *** Voluntary avoidance behaviour alone was estimated to reduce the final attack rate by 23.1%,the total number of hospitalizations by 26.2%,and cumulative deaths by 27.5%over 6 months compared to a counterfactual scenario in which there were no interventions or avoidance behaviour.A provincial shutdown order issued on December 26,2020 was estimated to reduce the final attack rate by 66.7%,the total number of hospitalizations by 66.8%,and the total number of deaths by 67.2%compared to the counterfactual *** Given the dynamics of SARS-coV-2 in a pre-vaccine era,individual avoidance behaviour in the absence of government action would have resulted in a moderate reduction in disease however,it would not have been sufficient to entirely mitigate transmission and the associated risk to the population in *** action during the second wave of the cOVID-19 pandemic in Ontario reduced infections,protected hospital capacity,and saved lives.

关键词： Mathematical modelling cOVID-19 SARS-coV-2 Human behaviour

Black Hole Singularities and Planetary Formation

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1079-1088页

作者： louise Riofrio Insight Optics Houston USA Quantum Astrobiology center of Manizales Manizales Colombia

The goal of this research is to explore the effects of black hole singularities. Methodology is to start with large objects like galaxies and continue to smaller objects within our solar neighbourhood. High-redshift observations from the James Webb Space Telescope reveal that distant galaxies and their central black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang. An innovation about the speed of light explains how supermassive black holes could have formed primordially. Predictions of Hawking radiation include the possibility of black holes contributing to the energy of stars such as the Sun. Black holes have also been suggested as a source of radiation and magnetic fields in giant planets. Observations of Enceladus raise the possibility that this moon and other objects near Saturn’s Rings contain small singularities. Extrapolations of this methodology indicate that black holes could exist within solar system bodies including planets. Extended discussion describes how their presence could explain mysteries of internal heat, planetary magnetic fields, and processes of solar system formation.

关键词： Black Holes Galaxies Magnetic Fields Planets Planetary Formation Speed of Light