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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 65-73页

作者： Jan Hubert marta Nesvorna Jan Kopecky Crop Research Institute Praha 6 Czech Repubfic

The effect of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on Fusarium poae transmission and fungal community composition was studied in nonsterile barley grain. The experiments included following treatments： control barley without mites; barley containing l0 or 50 mites without preincubation on E poae （Tpl0 and TpS0）; barley containing 10 or 50 mites after preincubation on E poae （FTp 10 and FTp50）. The number of mites, suc cessful transfer of E poae, and changes in the fungal communities were examined after 21 d of experiment. Increase of deoxynivalenol （DON） content in the barley was chosen as a criterion of successful Epoae transfer. The preincubation of T. putrescentiae on Epoae increased DON level approximately to 800 and 300μg/kg of grain for FTpl0 and FTpS0, respectively. T. putrescentiae population growth in FTpl0 was lower than in Tpl0, while no difference was found between FTp50 and Tp50. Fungal communities were compared by amplification, cloning and sequencing of ITS fragments, and operational taxonomic units （OTU） analysis. The OTU analysis did not support the transfer ofF. poae via mites. From the analyzed clones, only 13 cloned sequences clustered with E poae in an OTU defined at distance level 0.07. The related clones originated from FTpl0, Tpl 0, Tp50 and control treatments, but not from FTp50. However, the presence of E poae in FTp50 was confirmed by PCR amplification with specific primers. The observation may be explained by different effect of mite population density, that is, in the high density, （FTp50 treatment） the fungus was overgrazed, while the lower population density （FTp 10） supported E poae transfer.

关键词： barley deoxinivalenol (DON) Fusariumpoae mites mycotoxin storage

Gut-brain axis in traumatic brain injury: impact on neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1007-1008页

作者： marta Celorrio Stuart H.Friess Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsWashington University in St.Louis School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Perspective

The gastrointestinal track is inhabited by tens of trillions of microorganisms. The gut microbiota is involved in gut motility, nutrient absorption and synthesis of metabolites that influence hmeostasis, metabolism and immunefunction. Given the influence gut microbiota has on health, there is a growing body of literature describing the gut microbiota's impact on brain and behavior.

关键词： metabolism inflammation stasis

Microglia-oligodendrocyte intercellular communication: role of extracellular vesicle lipids in functional signalling

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1194-1195页

作者： Alice Gualerzi marta Lombardi Claudia Verderio IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi MilanItaly CNR Institute of Neuroscience MilanItaly

The term microglia refers to the group of resident brain immune-cells that are responsible,mainly,for the immune response and the homeostasis of the *** monocyte-derived macrophages that infiltrate the brain,microglia are longlived cells which arise exclusively from the embryonic yolk sac(Stratoulias et al.,2019).Impairment in microglia functions is at the basis for the development of multiple brain diseases,including multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative *** the last decade,the number of research articles and reviews dealing with the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of brain disorders has exponentially increased.

关键词： al. homeostasis diseases

The contribution of astrocytes to obesity-associated metabolic disturbances

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2022年第5期36卷 299-311页

作者： marta Obara-Michlewska Department of Neurotoxicology Mossakowski Medical Research InstitutePolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 02-106Poland

Obesity is a worldwide health,economic and social concern,despite efforts made to counteract the spreading wave of eating and nourishment-associated *** review aims to show how the glial cells,astrocytes,contribute to the central regulation of appetite and energy *** hypothalamus is the brain center responsible for nutrients and nutritional hormone sensing,signal processing,and execution of metabolic and behavioral responses,directed at sustaining energy *** astrocytes are endowed with receptors,transporters and enzymatic machinery responsible for glucose,lactate,fatty acids,ketone bodies,as well as leptin or ghrelin transport and metabolism,and that render them supporters and partners for neurons in governing the brain and body energy intake and ***,the role of astrocytes associated with brain energy metabolism reaches far beyond simple fuel contingent-they contribute to cognitive *** cognitive decline which often accompanies high fat-and/or high-calorie diets and correlates with neuroinflammation and astrogliosis,is a major *** last two decades of research enabled us to acknowledge the astroglia in obesity-associated dysfunctions and to investigate astrocytes as contributors to the pathology,as well as targets for therapy.

关键词： astrocytes astrocytosis hypothalamic inflammation obesity brain energy metabolism

Development and screening of(Ca-P-Si-F)-PEO coatings for biodegradability control of Mg-Zn-Ca alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第8期10卷 2220-2237页

作者： Lara Moreno marta Mohedano Raul Arrabal Endzhe Matykina Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain

PEO coatings were developed on MgZnxCayalloys for biomedical applications using different treatment times and a novel transparent electrolyte containing Ca,P,Si and *** characteristics and chemical composition of studied materials were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and optical *** investigations were performed for uncoated and coated materials using potentiodynamic polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and hydrogen evolution measurements in three media(0.9wt.%NaCl,α-MEM and inorganic part ofα-MEM).Findings revealed that Zn-rich intermetallics favour the formation of large voids in the ***,P,F and Si are successfully incorporated into the *** consist of crystalline phases(Mg O,Mg F_(2)and Ca,Si-rich compounds)and amorphous *** and organic components ofα-MEM solution accelerate corrosion of the bare substrates but have no significant influence on the corrosion resistance of coated ***,inorganicα-MEM can be considered as an appropriate medium for fast screening of PEO *** relatively small amount of F content in the barrier layer facilitates early failure of the coatings,which show undercoating ***-rich intermetallic particles in the undercoating crevice induce a more aggressive corrosive environment and enhanced micro-galvanic couple effect with the Mg *** leads to faster degradation of the coated alloys compared to the bare substrates.

关键词： Magnesium Biomaterials Plasma electrolytic oxidation Corrosion

Autophagy in neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 951-952页

作者： Chinmoy Sarkar marta M.Lipinski Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterDepartment of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is an acquired injury of the brain caused by the impact of external forces on the brain(Maas et al.,2008).It is a major cause of death and disability among people of all ages(Maas et al.,2008).The primary mechanical injury to the brain initiates a cascade of secondary biochemical events that lead to acute and chronic neurodegeneration and activation of inflammatory pathways(Maas et al.,2008).Both brain-resident microglia and blood-derived myeloid cells-macrophages and monocytes that infiltrate the brain due to injury-induced blood-brain barrier damage,contribute to the inflammatory responses after TBI(Morganti et al.,2015).

关键词： damage death after

EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT INSULATED FACADE TECHNOLOGIES IN SUMMER CONDITION

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Journal of Green Building 2019年第4期14卷 77-91页

作者： Graziano Salvalai marta Maria Sesana Department of Architecture Built Environment and Construction Engineering Politecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci32 Milano20133Italy

At the present,the ventilated façade is one of the most widely used and most innovative systems characterized by different energy saving features,but due to its complexity,the real performances are difficult to predict by numerical *** work shows the results of the monitoring campaign conducted on two Cross Laminated Timber(CLT)test boxes equipped with different thermal coat technologies to realize the performances *** particular,the investigation focus on the evaluation of surface temperatures of the different wall layers and the indoor air temperature for:i)a micro ventilated facade and ii)two different ETICS *** monitoring campaign has been conducted during the summer season on walls with equivalent thermal transmittance(U-value)and different thermal *** detail,the experimental work has been performed to estimate the Isotec■wall micro ventilated facade performance in comparison with two traditional ETICS technology:the first one realized with EPS and the second one with high density rock wool *** results show that due to the shading effect provided by the external layer,the temperature within the cavity of the ventilate facade is reduced by 8-10℃,reducing the cooling loads through the wall by 30-40% with respect to ETICS with *** shading and the ventilation effects balance the presence of thermal insulation with less heat capacity;consequently,it validates the good quality of Isotec■as wall technology with performances comparable to ETICS solution with high density rock wool insulation.

关键词： in situ monitoring campaign micro ventilate facade ETICS performance assessment insulation comparison

SHAPING DIPLOMACY THROUGH LANGUAGE: NETWORKS OF METAPHORS IN HITTITE DIPLOMATIC TEXTS

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2020年第1期35卷 1-12,133页

作者： marta Pallavidini FU Berlin

Diplomatic language always follows specific rules in order to be *** the Late Bronze Age,Near Eastern countries developed a web of intense diplomatic relations that were kept alive by the exchange of messages,goods,and *** the exchange of messages language plays a key *** contribution analyses how conceptual metaphors in the Hittite diplomatic texts shaped the diplomatic language and,as a result,the making of diplomacy itself.

关键词： exchange shaped intense

How can the home range of the Lesser Kestrel be affected by a large civil infrastructure?

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Avian Research 2019年第2期10卷 138-147页

作者： Javier Vidal?Mateo marta Romero Vicente Urios Vertebrates Zoology Research Group University of Alicante

Background: The loss of traditional agropastoral systems, with the consequent reduction of foraging habitats and prey availability, is one of the main causes for the fast decline of Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni). To promote the conservation of the Lesser Kestrel and their habitats, here we studied the foraging activities patterns of this species during the breeding season. Methods: Between 2016 and 2017, we captured and tagged 24 individuals with GPS dataloggers of two colonies in Villena (eastern Spain) with the goals of estimating the home range sizes of males and females, evaluating the differences in spatial ecology between two colonies located in different environments: natural and beside a thermosolar power plant, and investigating habitat selection. Results: Considering the distances before July 15, date until which it can be assured that the chicks remain in the nest in our colonies, there were significant differences with the distances to the nest in relation to the colony of the individuals: Lesser Kestrels from the thermosolar power plant colony had a greater average distance. The average size of home range areas was 13.37 km2 according to 95% kernel, and there were also significant differences in relation to colony: the individuals from the thermosolar power plant colony used a larger area (22.03 ± 4.07 km^2) than those from the other colony (9.66 ± 7.68 km^2). Birds showed preference for non-irrigated arable lands and pastures. Conclusions: Despite the differences between the two colonies, the home ranges of both are smaller or similar to those observed in other European colonies. This suggests that Lesser Kestrels continue to have adequate habitats and a good availability of prey. Therefore, the extension and proximity of the plant does not imply a great alteration, which highlights the importance of maintaining the rest of the territory in good conditions to minimize the impact.

关键词： Compensatory measures Conservation Environmental impact Mediterranean landscape Raptors

Multiple factors correlating with wing malformations in the population of Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) restituted from a low number of individuals: A mini review

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 380-387页

作者： Karolina Pierzynowska marta Skowron Volponi Grzegorz Wegrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland

The Apollo butterfly, Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus), was common in Europe over 100 years ago, but currently it is considered as near threatened. Different conservation programs have promoted the persistence of this species;however, it is still endangered. An example of such programs was the action devoted to reestablish the Apollo butterfly population in Pieniny National Park (Poland) from only 20-30 individuals which had survived till the last decade of the 20th century. This reintroduction has been successful;however, unexpected developmental problems appeared. Butterflies with deformed or reduced wings became frequent in the population living in the natural habitat, and particularly among those reared under seminatural conditions (in the same environment, but fenced by a net). Until recently, reasons for these malformations remained unknown. However, reports published during last months indicated that there are genetic, biochemical, and microbiological factors contributing to this phenomenon. In the malformed individuals, lesions in the wingless gene and dysfunctions of laccase 1 and 2 were found to be significantly more frequent than in normal insects. A large fraction of butterflies with deformed or reduced wings was devoid of the prokaryotic symbiont Wolbachia, which was present in most normal individuals. Moreover, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Pfeiffer) Smith and Thai, and Serratia sp., bacteria pathogenic to insects, were detected in the biological material from both normal and malformed butterflies from this population. These findings are summarized and discussed in this review, in the light of conservation of insects and restitution of their populations from a low number of individuals.

关键词： Apollo butterfly laccases malformed wings population reconstitution wingless gene Wolbachia