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Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations:a scoping review

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 114-114页

作者： Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah marta Sólveig Palmeirim Peter Steinmann Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Kreuzstrasse 24123AllschwilSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland

Background Schistosomiasis affects over 250 million people *** children and the poor being key risk groups,limited research and control activities target pre-school aged children(PSAC)and hard-to-reach *** endemic countries shift the goals of their schistosomiasis programs from morbidity control to disease elimination,there is a need for inclusive planning to cover all affected age groups from all geographical areas and populations to achieve sustainable impact and health *** We conducted searches in MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase(Ovid),and LILACS per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews(PRISMA-ScR)*** assessment of identified articles was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal *** study data were extracted from the articles and entered into Microsoft Excel 2016 for descriptive *** From the 17,179 screened articles,we identified 13 eligible studies on schistosomiasis in PSAC living in hard-to-reach areas and *** identified studies were from sub-Saharan *** mean sample size of the retained studies was 572,with a balanced sex distribution among the young children sampled in each *** studies investigated Schistosoma mansoni,one investigated Schistosoma haematobium,while two covered both *** and *** in the target *** prevalence of *** among PSAC in the included studies was estimated at 12.9%in Ghana,80.3–90.5%in Kenya,35.0%in Madagascar,9.6–78.0%in Senegal,11.2–35.4%in Sierra Leone,44.4–54.9%in Tanzania and 39.3–74.9%in *** of the three studies that investigated ***,the presence of the infection was reported in only one study carried out in *** infections reported in nearly all studies included in this review were of light *** one study conducted in Nigeria documented visible hematuria in 17.7%of the PSAC

关键词： Schistosomiasis Prevalence Epidemiology Pre-school aged children Pediatric Hard-to-reach Praziquantel

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Optical properties of silica sol-gel materials singly- and doubly-doped with Eu^3＋and Gd^3＋ ions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第8期34卷 786-795页

作者： Natalia Pawlik Barbara Szpikowska-Sroka marta Soltys Wojciech A. Pisarski Institute of Chemistry University of Silesia 9 Szkolna Street 40-007 Katowice Poland

In present work, the optical and structural properties of silica sol-gel glasses and glass-ceramic materials singly- and dou- bly-doped with Eu3＋ and Gd3＋ ions were investigated. The optical properties of studied systems were determined based on absorption, excitation and emission spectra as well as luminescence decay analysis. Conducted studies clearly indicated a significant enhance- ment of visible emission originated from Eu3＋ ions as a result of changing the excitation mechanism, via Gd3＋Eu3＋ energy transfer. The luminescence intensity R-ratio was analyzed before and after heat-treatment process upon excitation at λex=393 nm and λex=273 nm. Moreover, the influence of excitation wavelength on luminescence decay time of the 5D0 excited state was also analyzed. The GdS＋-Eu3＋ energy transfer efficiencies for precursor and annealed samples were calculated based on luminescence lifetime of the 6p7/2 level of Gd3＋ ions. The X-ray diffraction measurements were conducted to verify the nature of obtained sol-gel materials. In re- sult, the formation of orthorhombic GdF3 nanocrystal phase dispersed in amorphous silica glass host was identified after annealing. Obtained results clearly indicated an incorporation of Eu3＋ activators into formed GdF3 nanocrystals. Thus, conducted heat-treatment process led to considerable changes in surrounding environment around Eu3＋ ions. Actually, it was found that en- ergy transfer phenomenon and heat-treatment process were responsible for significant improvement of Eu3＋ luminescence in stud- ied sol-gel samples.

关键词： nanocrystals sol-gel method luminescence rare earths

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Mouse models of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第12期18卷 1286-1294页

作者： marta Herreros-Villanueva Elizabeth Hijona Angel Cosme Luis Bujanda Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics Division of Oncology ResearchDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Gastroenterology Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)University of the Basque CountryDonostia HospitalSan Sebastian 20014Spain Department of Gastroenterology Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)University of the Basque CountryDonostia Hospital

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal of human malignancies ranking 4th among cancer-related death in the western world and in the United States,and potent therapeutic options are *** during the last few years there have been important advances in the understanding of the molecular events responsible for the development of pancreatic cancer,currently specific mechanisms of treatment resistance remain poorly understood and new effective systemic drugs need to be developed and *** vivo models to study pancreatic cancer and approach this issue remain limited and present different molecular features that must be considered in the studies depending on the purpose to fit special research *** the last few years,several genetically engineered mouse models of pancreatic exocrine neoplasia have been *** models mimic the disease as they reproduce genetic alterations implicated in the progression of pancreatic *** alterations such as activating mutations in KRas,or TGFb and/or inactivation of tumoral suppressors such as p53,INK4A/ARF BRCA2 and Smad4 are the most common drivers to pancreatic carcinogenesis and have been used to create transgenic *** mouse models have a spectrum of pathologic changes,from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to lesions that progress histologically culminating in fully invasive and metastatic disease and represent the most useful preclinical model *** models can characterize the cellular and molecular pathology of pancreatic neoplasia and cancer and constitute the best tool to investigate new therapeutic approaches,chemopreventive and/or anticancer ***,we review and update the current mouse models that reproduce different stages of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and will have clinical relevance in future pancreatic cancer developments.

关键词：小鼠模型胰腺癌胰脏治疗方案肿瘤抑制基因恶性肿瘤分子特征遗传工程

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Leptin in immuno-rheumatological diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 203-212页

作者： marta Vadacca Domenico PE Margiotta Luca Navarini Antonella Afeltra Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Medicine University Campus Bio-MedicoRomeItaly

Leptin is one of the most important hormones secreted by adipocytes,with a variety of physiological roles related to the control of metabolism and energy *** its discovery in 1994,leptin has attracted increasing interest in the scientific community for its pleiotropic *** of these functions is the relationship between nutritional status and immune *** structurally resembles proinflammatory cytokines,such as IL-6 and *** cytokine-like structural characteristic of leptin is implicative of its function in regulating immune *** role of leptin in regulating immune responses has been assessed in vitro as well as in clinical *** has been shown that disease conditions of reduced leptin production are associated with increased infection ***,immune-mediated disorders,such as autoimmune diseases,are associated with the increased secretion of leptin and the production of proinflammatory pathogenic *** this paper,we review the most recent advances of the role of leptin in immune-rheumatological diseases,and we discuss whether strategies aimed at modifying leptin levels could represent innovative and therapeutic tools for autoimmune disorders.

关键词： adipokines autoimmune diseases leptin rheumatic diseases

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A risk scoring system for seafood supply chain breaches and examination of freshwater fish imported to Australia

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第3期5卷 256-270页

作者： Michelle Williams marta Hernandez-Jover Thomas Williams Shokoofeh Shamsi School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences&Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Charles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia

Legislative changes have altered the way imported edible seafood is inspected in *** onus of responsibility has been placed on exporting countries to provide documentary evidence of adherence to internally recognized food safety *** to global trade agreements,any additional safety tests applied to freshwater fish imported into Australia must be ***,the aim of this study was to develop a risk scoring method to provide justification for identifying countries as'Freshwater fish high risk'and to examine the seafood they export to Australia for seafood supply chain *** ng was con ducted using six predictor variables,identified in the literature as important contributors to seafood supply chain breaches,to achieve the outcome variable,Country considered'Freshwater fish high ***-seven fish fillets(9.55 kg)of the same species were examined from the third highest scoring country(Country 20)and 562(5.6 kg)whole fish from the sixth highest scoring country(Country 22).Country 20 had supply chain breaches of 28 macroscopic yellow cysts in one *** hundred and thirteen parasites and other supply chain breaches were identified in fish from Country 22,in eluding retai ned liver(91 per cent),visible mud(11 per cent),a variety of debris(16 per cent)and,depending on the commodity code,these fish were imported to Australia under full intestine(90 per cent),retained gills(89 per cent),and partial intestine(9 per cent).Three serious physical hazards were recovered from the edible portion of three'consumer-ready' fish and snails of Genus Lymnaea and Indoplanorbis were recovered from gill mud also from'consumer-readyz *** study showed variable results from the scoring system and vast differences in seafood supply chain breaches between the third and sixth highest scoring countries.

关键词： Imported seafood supply chain breaches parasites.

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Spatiotemporal Pattern of Social Vulnerability in Italy

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第2期9卷 249-262页

作者： Ivan Frigerio Fabio Carnelli marta Cabinio Mattia De Amicis Earth and Environmental Sciences Department University of Milano-Bicocca Sociology and Social Research Department University of Milano-Bicocca

Evaluation of social vulnerability(SV) against natural hazards remains a big challenge for disaster risk reduction. Spatiotemporal analysis of SV is important for successful implementation of prevision and prevention measures for risk mitigation. This study examined the spatiotemporal pattern of SV in Italy, and also analyzed socioeconomic factors that may influence how the Italian population reacts to catastrophic natural events. We identified 16 indicators that quantify SV and collected data for the census years 1991, 2001, and 2011. We created a social vulnerability index(SVI) for each year by using principal component analysis outputs and an additive *** spatial data analysis, including global and local autocorrelations, was used to understand the spatial patterns of social vulnerability across the country. Specifically, univariate local Moran's index was performed for the SVI of each of the three most recent census years in order to detect changes in spatial clustering during the whole study period. The original contribution of this Italy case study was to use a bivariate spatial correlation to describe the spatiotemporal correlation between the threes annual SV indices. The temporal analysis shows that the percentage of municipalities with medium social vulnerability in Italy increased from 1991 to 2011 and those with very high social vulnerability decreased. Spatial analysis provided evidence of clusters that maintained significant high values of social vulnerability throughout the studyperiods. The SVI of many areas in the center and the south of the peninsula remained stable, and the people living there have continued to be potentially vulnerable to natural hazards.

关键词： Bivariate Moran’s index Cluster analysis Italy Natural hazards Social vulnerability

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Traits associated with winter wheat grain yield in Central and West Asia

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第7期56卷 673-683页

作者： marta Silva Lopes Didem Saglam Mutlu Ozdogan Matthew Reynolds CIMMYT University of Ahi Evran Faculty of Agriculture Department of Plant Protection Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment University of Wisconsin‐Madison

Improved adaptation of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） to drought and heat may be influenced by days to heading, plant height, biomass, canopy temperature （CT） at grain fil ing, and rate of senescence. This study shows that, under supplemental irrigation or rainfed conditions, days to heading and plant height together explain up to 68%of grain yield （GY） variation, and these associations were further confirmed in several locations across West and Central Asia. Days to heading can be slightly reduced below that of check line Karahan to further improve GY while avoiding the effect of late frosts. Plant height has been decreased in recent germplasm, but further reductions below that of check line Karahan could stil improve GY in a wide range of environ-ments. However, in Iranian sites, tal er genotypes showed better adaptation with higher biomass and increased reserves＆amp;nbsp;for grain fil ing. Canopy temperature and rate senescence were not associated with GY. A normalized difference vegetation index, used to estimate biomass （Feekes stages 4-5）, had intermediate heritability across environments and correlated positively with GY under low plant density and should be explored further as a tool for early selection.

关键词： Biomass GxE earliness phenology plant height NDVI rain-fed yield

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Combination therapy in cancer:effects of angiogenesis inhibitors on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2016年第12期35卷 647-656页

作者： Ilaria Fuso Nerini marta Cesca Francesca Bizzaro Raffaella Giavazzi Department of Oncology IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological ResearchVia La Masa 1920156 MilanItaly

Validated preclinical studies have provided evidence that anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) compounds enhance the activity of subsequent antitumor therapy, but the mechanism of this potentiation is far from clear. The most widespread explanation is enhanced delivery of therapeutics due to vascular remodeling, lower interstitial pressure, and increased blood flow. While the antiangiogenic efects on vascular morphology have been fairly consistent in both preclinical and clinical settings, the improvement of tumor vessel function is debated. This review focuses on the efect of anti-VEGF therapy on tumor microenvironment morphology and functions, and its therapeutic beneits when combined with other therapies. The uptake and spatial distribution of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor after anti-VEGF are examined.

关键词： Combination therapies Angiogenesis inhibitors Drug delivery Tumor microenvironment

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Catalyst-Free Synthesis and Shape Control of CdTe Nanowires

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Nano Research 2011年第9期4卷 824-835页

作者： Xiaoping Jin marta Kruszynska Jurgen Parisi Joanna Kolny-Olesiak University of Oldenburg Department of Physics Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11 26129Oldenburg Germany

这里报导的过程允许借助于胶体的化学的 CdTe nanowires 的尺寸和形状控制。因此，笔直地，有锌闪锌矿的 saw-tooth-like 和片面分叉的 nanowires 组织的 ultrathin 能被综合。他们的形成不要求任何催化剂并且由于在反应的开始形成的 na... 详细信息

这里报导的过程允许借助于胶体的化学的 CdTe nanowires 的尺寸和形状控制。因此，笔直地，有锌闪锌矿的 saw-tooth-like 和片面分叉的 nanowires 组织的 ultrathin 能被综合。他们的形成不要求任何催化剂并且由于在反应的开始形成的 nanoparticles 的面向的附件是最可能的。溶剂结果关键以便完成 CdTe nanowires 的 oleylamine 的使用。在油的酸和 oleylamine 之间的反应面对 CdO 证明了必要，不是仅仅调节激活 Cd 先锋而且提供反应由面向的附件便于 nanowire 形成。

关键词：形状控制 CdTe 无催化剂纳米线合成反应条件闪锌矿结构胶体化学

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c-Met in pancreatic cancer stem cells: Therapeutic implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第38期18卷 5321-5323页

作者： marta Herreros-Villanueva Aizpea Zubia-Olascoaga Luis Bujanda Division of Oncology Research Department of Medicine Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55905 United States IkerChem Oncology Therapeutics Department 20009 San Sebastian Spain Department of Gastroenterology Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticasy Digestivas (CIBERehd) Donostia Hospital-Biodonostia Institute University of the Basque Country 20014 San Sebastian Spain

Pancreatic cancer is the deadliest solid cancer and currently the fourth most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths. Emerging evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a crucial role in the development and progression of this disease. The identification of CSC markers could lead to the development of new therapeutic targets. In this study, the authors explore the functional role of c-Met in pancreatic CSCs, by analyzing self-renewal with sphere assays and tumorigenicity capacity in NOD SCID mice. They concluded that c-Met is a novel marker for identifying pancreatic CSCs and c-Met high in a higher tumorigenic cancer cell population. Inhibition of c-Met with XL184 blocks self-renewal capacity in pancreatic CSCs. In pancreatic tumors established in NOD SCID mice, c-Met inhibition slowed tumor growth and reduced the population of CSCs, along with preventing the development of metastases.

关键词：胰腺干细胞胰腺癌治疗 SCID小鼠肿瘤发生职能作用自我更新胰腺肿瘤

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